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Apple II / Macintosh 

HYPERCARD 

The Missing Unk 
For tlie liGS and Mac? 

Plus-tlie 10 Best 
Shareware Stacks 



r.n.DnM 



AN IDG COMMUNICATIONS 

PUBLICATION 

May 1991 



COMES OF AG 

14 Discs Comp 



Editors' Choice 
In\^rds 

Don't Type — Scaii! 



USA $3.95 
Canada $4.95 




EAT MY DUST Mac. .. 



n You Use... 

•^pleworks GS 
•Managing your 
Money 

•PrintshopGS 
•HyperCardGS 
•Springboard 
Publisher 
•DeluxePaint 
•Quicken •Publish it 3, 
or any other GS software - -TTien 
you need a Zip GS. 

Here's Why... 

To use powerful programs you need a pow- 
erful computer, Apple Computer left one tiling 
out of the IIGS when they designed it..speed. 
The Zip GS puts the speed back in. TTieZip 
GS comes standard with 8 K cache memory 
and runs at a very speedy 7 Mhz. The Zip GS 
gives you all the speed you need now and in 
the ftiture because if s expandable. You will 
never have to buy another accelerator card 
again. All upgrades are available now. 

Can you imagine the time you will save 
having your GS running up to 10 Megahertz 
faster. Appleworks performs like you always 
thought it should, recalculations in the blink of 
an eye. Word processing faster than on the 
new line of Macintosh computers. Nibble 
magazine said it this way "A^Dple Computer 
take note: this chip makes a full featured GS 
word processor faster than several Macintosh 
word processors running on a monochrome 
display." (monochrome display is the 
fastest) Hallelujah! ZIP GS DEUVERS! 




BPGS 

•Is very easy to operate. 
• Needs no special boot-up. • 
Provides Macintosh speeds for your GS» Is 
compatible with all GS hardware and software. • 
Uses 1/10 the power of competing boards. • 
Address all memory. •Upgradable to 64 K 
cache memory. • 16 variable speeds at the touch 
of a key. • 30 day money back guarantee and a 
1 year warranty. • Upgradable to 10 
megahertz. • Fully DMA compatible. 



Tlie Zip GS has only one custom inte- 
grated circuit The other three compon- 
ents on the Zip GS are the same reliable 
components from the same manufac- 
turers found in your GS Computer. 

Low Power 

The Zip GS requires only 120 ma of power - 
lOtimes less than otfier accelerators. The low 
power means it will always run cooL 



The Zip GS has been available and shipping 
for over four months. In the short time that it 
has been available, we have delivered thou- 
sands to satisfied customers around the worid. 



TTie Zip GS is priced at $199.00 retail. 
During ths introductory offer the Zip GS is only 
$149.00, a savings of $50.00. 



$29.95 
$59.95 
$19.95 
$49.95 



Anyone can install the Zip GS in a matter of 
minutes. To help with the installation, we 
include an animated pictorial instruction 
manual which gives detailed instructions on 
installation and operation. 



8Mhz upgrade add only 

9Mhz upgrade add only 

8K cache upgrade add only 

32K cache upgrade addonty 

Zip GS--10 Ultra Fast 10 Mhz 



call 



TTie Zip GS can be upgraded at any time. 
Zip Technology has available upgrade kits that 
boost the speed to lOMhz.! We will be happy 
to do the upgrade labor for free within 48 
hours. 



TICHNOLOGY 



Ksk Fpse Otfep/mmey Back Guarantee 

If you are not satisfied with the perfor- 
mance of your GS Plus, simply return it in the 
original box within 30 days for a reftind. 

Orilep Today Call Tell Free: 

1 m-937-3737 

Checks, VISA, Mastercard, American Express and Discovery 
cards accepted. 

Now Shipping 
Standard Air By 



5601 West Slauson Avenue, Suite #190 ' 



Circle 189 on Reader Service Card, 



Culver City, CA90230 • Phone: (213) 337-1313 • FAX (213) 337-9337 

All product names are trademarks of their manufacturers 



Is YbUR AppLf Ihs™ Alaeady Obsolete? 

WHl, D0N7 RUSH OUT AIW BUY A l«EW MAC OR 386/PC JUST YETI 



With a supply of good soft- 
ware, your Apple IIGS is still 
one of the best personal com- 
puters ever produced. 
Because we are actively dev- 
eloping new software for the 
Apple IIGS, a software sub- 
scription to SOFTDISK G-S™ 
can be very valuable to you. 

WHAT IS SOFTDISK G-S? 

SOFTDISK G-S is a unique 

concept in Apple IIGS soft- 
ware. Every month we'll send 
you an 800K disk packed with 
an exciting assortment of 
software for your Apple IIGS. 
You'll get personal productivi- 
ty programs, entertaining 
games, financial programs, Appleworks™ 
templates, fonts, clip art, desk accessories, 
hint and tips, and lots more all at a very 
affordable price. 

SOFTDISK G-S IS ORIGINAL SOFTWARE THAT IS 
UNIOUE AND COLLECTIRLE. 

Don't conftise SOFTDISK frS with "shar^ 
ware" or "public domain software." TTiere are no 
extra fees to pay for our programs or for your free 
technical support It's all included in your software 
subscription. 

HERE ARE THE PROGRAMS, GRAPHICS, AND SOFTWARE FROM 
A SINGLE ISSUE OF SOFTDISK G-S. 




HERE'S WHAT THE EXPERTS ARE 
WRITING ADOUT SOFTDISK G-S: 

''Programs, desk accessories, fonts, 
games . . . SOFTDISK G-S is a 
great value/' 
— InCiderA+ 

. .thisisa full-blown software 
package with beautiful graphics 
and an extensive help session , . . 
it's an economical way to add inter- 
esting software to your library. " 
— Apple IIGS Buyer's Guide 

HERE'S WHAT OUR SUBSCRIDERS 
ARE WRITING TO US: 

''DearSoftdisk: YourSoftdisk G-S 
is great! lam very impressed, the 
moving icons, interesting columns, 
■ matter-of-fact reviews, up-to-date 
system software, spiffy user inter- 
face, etc. I will definitely renew when 
the time comes."* 

So there you have it Original soft- 
ware, outstanding quality, free tech- 
nical support, and all at a price you can 
afford. Would you spend $9.97 a month 
for an 800k disk packed with programs, 
postage free? If you're not sure, why not 
take advantage of this special offer and try just 3 
issues — no risk. If you're not completely satisfied, 
we'll refund your money. No questions asked. 

I DUU DO I aw PUBLISHING 



I 



CONTENTS OF SOFTDISK G-S #13 

REFLEXION — Send your Alcorlan Hyper-Marbles across the grid of 
Time and find the nnysterlous objects in Three-Space! A puzzle game 
with clean graphics and fun sounds. 

PS VIEWER-IMAGES — This month's Print Shop Graphics features 
school images and some cool aliens. 

HACK AHACK LEVEL SET — Here's a new load of bricks to blast on 
your way to Doh! Load it into Arkanoid II and try to beat it! 

JUKEBOX — Three incredible new songs, each compatible with Music 
Studio 2.0™! Sit back and listen, or play any Music Studio songs. 

SPORTS CLIP ART — Two pages of detailed 640 clip art just loaded with 
sports figures. 

FRESHSCRIPT FONT — A great GS font in four point sizes for use with 
all GS word processing applications, including WordWorks™ and Apple- 
Works GS™! 

SPENCER'S PAGES — A sensational seasonal page layout template, 
"Lantern Light." Just boot up your AppleWorks GS and use this fabulous 
document. 

G-ESSENCE — A column about the current state of the Apple world and 
things to enhance your GS productivity. 




OR FKXTHS COUPON TO 

318-221-8870 



monthly software 



rmy I 

\G-S I 



YES! Rush my FREE bonus. 200 Printshop® Graphics lor 
IIGS, and start my three-month trial subscription to SofldiskG-l 
and/or Softdisk, postage paid. Make check or money order payable to Softdisk 
Publishing in U.S. funds. (LA residents, add 4% sales tax). 

Check one: 

□ Sondisk G-S (For the Apple I Igs) $29.95, Can./Mex. $34.95, Other For. $37.95 

□ 5o/ftf/sllr(For the Apple II) $19.95, Can./Mex. $24.95, Other For. $27.95 

□ COMBO — Softdisk GS&Sofiiiisk$^9.^. Can./Mex. $34.95, Other For $37.95 

Check Disk fomnat: □ Two 5 \ " disks □ One 3 % " disk 

Name 

Street 

City ^State 



I 
I 
I 
I 

^ Signature 

■ SOFDISK PUBLISHING • P.O. Box 30008 • Shreveport, LA 71 1 30-0008 ■ 
I 318-221-8718O-800-831-2694 INOSlI 



_Zip +4 . 



Phone # : 

□ Discover aVisa/MC QAmEx □Payment Enclosed (U.S. funds only). 
Card # Exp. Date 



SORDISK G-S: 768K — One 3.5" drive Required; 1 .25 Meg. Two 3.5" drives Recommended. SOFTDISK: 64K Required; 128K Recommended. 

Circle 292 on Reader Service Card. 



QUALITY COMPUIERS nioht! 



ScHool P-0- 
Welcome ! 



1 -800-443-6697 



School R.O-^ 
Welcome ! 



Only 

Quality Computeis 
gives you 

ENHANCE 

pHANCE ^K ffgfe l 




Enhance is Quality Computers bi- 
monthly informative-technical-en- 
tertaining newsletter. Enhance q'ms 
you the kind of information you need 
to make yourAppte the effective work/ 
educational tool it was designed to 
be, like product reviews and com- 
parisons, new product announce- 
ments, news, and two special sec- 
tions, Enhancing Education — writ- 
ten by teachers for teachers, and 
Computer Club Corner — designed 
to spark interest in User Groups 
across the country. 

Enhancealso includes our catalog — 
full of all the hardware and software 
you need for your Apple II. Quality 
Computers catalog includes detailed 
product descriptions and MONEY- 
SAVING COUPONS- 

Quality Computers has been publish- 
ing f/7fta/?cefor over 4 years. It'sfree 
to all QC customers, or you can call 
for your free subscription today! 

"...an excellent publication.'' 

Wanda Bullion 
SJAUG User Group, Cherry Hill NJ 

7 enjoy reading the articles and al- 
ways learn something new. " 

Charles S. Saunders 
Skokie, IL 



Get your FREE subscription 

TODAY! 
1-800-443-6697 



HARD DRIVES 

QUAUTY COMPUTERS (w/Apple'SGSI) 

40 MEG. (Conner Drive) 599.95 

100 MEG. {Conner Drive) 849.95 

200 MEG. Call 

Tape Backup Call 

CD ROM Call 
CMS (Apple SCSI) 

40 MEG. (Conner Drive) 649.95 

60 MEG. 699.95 

45 MEG. (Removable) 749.95 
APPUED ENGINEERING 

20 MEG. Vulcan (lie, lIGS) 519.95 

40 MEG. Vulcan (lie, lIGS) 649.95 

100 MEG. Vulcan (lie. lIGS) 1,285.95 

SCSI INTERFACE CARDS 

Apple High-speed 109.95 

RamFAST/SCSI (w/256K RAM) 1 79.95 

MEMORY CARDS 

AE RAMWORKS III 

256K 133.95 

512K 159.95 

1 MEG. 199.95 

RGB ColorLink Option 99.95 

AE RAMFACTOR 

256K 169.95 

51 2K 189.95 

1 MEG. 229.95 
AE Z-RAM ULTRA II 

256K 179.95 

51 2K 199.95 

1 MEG. 239.95 
AE RAM EXPRESS II 

256K 149.95 

51 2K 169.95 

1 MEG. 209.95 
AEGS-RAM PLUS or ULTRA 

1 MEG. 199.95 

2 MEG. 259.95 

3 MEG. 319.95 
AE GS-RAM II 

1 MEG. 149.95 

2 MEG. 209.95 

4 MEG. 329.95 



CV TECH. GS MEMORY BOARD 

1 MEG. 

2 MEG. 

3 MEG. 

4 MEG. 

CHINOOK 4000 OS 

1 MEG. 

2 MEG. 
4 MEG. 

MEMORY CHIPS 

256K (bank) 
256Kx4 (set of 2) 
1 MEG. (bank) 
I MEG. SIMMS 

DISK DRIVES 

AE 3.5" 

AE 3.5" High-Density 
AE 5.25" 

AMR 1.4 MEG. 3.5" 
AMR 5.25" Daisy chainable 
Laser 3.5" 
Laser 5.25" 
Laser UDC 
Apple 3.5° (lie, 11+) 
Apple 3.5" {He Plus. lIGS) 
Apple 5.25" 
Apple Controller 
Apple Unidisk Controiler 

PRINTERS 

ImageWriter 11 

Hewlett-Packard DeskJet 500 
Panasonic 1180 
Panasonic 1191 
Panasonic 11 24 



149.95 
209.95 
269.95 
329.95 

149.95 
209.95 
329.95 



19.95 
19.95 
69.95 
59.95 



199.95 
239.95 
129.95 
199.95 
129.95 
149.95 
99.95 
49.95 
309.95 
319.95 
249.95 
49.95 
64.95 



459.95 
579.95 
199.95 
249.95 
329.95 




MEMORY CHIPS 

Expand your RAM with these high- 
quality RAM chips. Fully Apple lie, 
lie and lIGS compatible. Easy to 
install on most RAM cards. Five 
year warranty. 

256K $19.95/bank 
256KX4 19.95/setof2 
1 MEG. 69.95/bank 



PRINTER INTERFACE CARDS 

AE Parallel Pro 79.95 

AE Serial Pro 109.95 

Fingerprint GSi 89.95 

Fingerprint Plus 89.95 

Fingerprint G+ or SS w/cable 59.95 

Grappler 9 Pin . 84.95 

Grappler Plus 79.95 

SPECIAL! Su perWriter 924 64.95 

SPfCMIISMTPrintech 29.95 



ATTErmON 

PRICE- 
HUNTERS! 

► We'llmatchany nation- 
ally advertised price! 

• We have it in stock! 

' Our service can't be 

beat! 



PRICE MATCH POLICY AT MANAGER'S 

DiSCRETlON 




LetusfiuttogetheranApple 
lIGS system to fit your 
needs. Our knowledgeable 
sales staff can recommend 



• extra storage 

• extra speed 

• the works! 

AT PRICES YOU CAN 
LIVE WITH! 



Circle 136 on Reader Senrice Card. 











YOUR COMPLETE APPLE SOURCE 


P o w 


E R FOR 


Hualitji ComputBrs 

PERFORMANCE 


Quality Computers is one of the largest Apple mail order companies in the country. Why? We offer 
more: a staff of Apple sales experts; a complete product line; user-friendly Customer Service; the 
best Technical Support in the business; Q Labs, our own software development division; our own 
newsletter, Enhance; an^ special programs, like the Teacher Bonus Program. No other company 
offers all this at prices you can live with. 



GHJAUTY COMPUIERS nkht! 



School P.O.: 
Welcome! 



1 -800-443-6697 



School P.O.j 
Welcome ! 




HYPERMEDM 

Your Apple II 
can become a 
hypermedia 
machine! 
Integrate text, 
sound, and 
graphics to 
create an Interactive tutorial, 
computerized slide show, and more! 

HyperStudio — Apple lIGS 
Requires 1.25 MEG. $82.95 

HyperCard lIGS 

Requires 1.5 MEG. $79.95 

Tutor-Tech — Apple lie, No, lIGS 
Requires 128K $149.95 




ZIPGSX PLUS ZIP TECHNOLOGY 
WithaZIPGS installed, you will 
never wait on your favorite 
programs again. GS/OS, 
AppleWorks GS and your favorite 
desk-top publisher become a joy to 
use. Features 8MHz speed, 16K 
cache, DMA compatibility, and is 
upgradeableto12MMz+. $269.95 




MmMJIS£S\cvTECH 

The fastest hard drive interface 
available. Just plug the card into 
your Apple lie, or lIGS, and fasten 
your seatbelt. Features: SCSI 
compatibility, built-in configuration 
software, 256K RAM, 10MHz 
processor, cache-lookahead, built- 
in ROM disk, and more! $179.95 



MODEMS 




BUSINESS SOFTWARE 






159 95 


AnnloUt/Arlrc "i fl 




Plata 1 ini/ f-vnrACc 
MC L/dLdLMIiV tIApiCbo 


159.95 


LfUllbUIIIci VclorUil 


169 95 


AE DstsLink Exprsss w/MNPS 


189 95 


■fn Part 17 t^" nr 9'^"^ 


949 95 


&P Ratal ink Pvnrocc iAf/Q<anri-FAY 
nC UdldLIII^ CAjJIB&o W/OCIIU rrVA 


Call 


Appleshare Network Version 


1 gUoy.yu 


ouprdMoaein ^huv 


yy.yo 


MppieworKS uo 




youu oauQ 




10 Pack 


1 99 95 

1.139^95 


MnillTHDC 

MUNI 1 Una 




AppleWorks 3.0 Companion 


24.95 


12" Amber or Green Monochrome 
Magnavox RGB 

Custom Cable 
Apple RGB 


QQ Qt; 

yy.yo 
299,95 

24.95 
459.95 


BeagleWrite 
BeagleWrite GS 
BusinessWorks Bundle 
BusinessWorks Payroll 
BusinessWorks System Manager 


48.95 
59.95 
249.95 
99.95 
79.95 


INPUT DEVICES 




DB Master Pro 
Managing Your Money 5.0 


189.95 
89.95 


AppleMouse lie 


119,95 


Quicken 


38.95 


A+ lIGS Mouse 


79.95 


ReportCard II 


52.95 


Laser Mouse 


49.95 


Sensible Grammar 


52.95 


Kensington Turbo Mouse 


109.95 


Sensible Speller 


79.95 


CHMach III Joystick 


29.95 


WordPerfect lie or II GS 


104.95 


CH Mach IV Plus Joystick 


62.95 






CH Flightstick 


47.95 


COMMUNICATION SOFTWARE 


IBM-Connpatible Keyboard 


79.95 


Point to Point 
ProTERM v.2.2 


59.95 
79.95 


Cutting Edge ADO Keyboard 


129.95 


SOUND & GRAPHICS HARDWARE 


ProTERM School Pack 
AE ReadyLink 


279.95 
59.95 


Quickie 


199.95 


TIC 


39.95 


LightningScan 


199.95 






ThunderScan 


149.95 


EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE 




ComputerEyes lie 


99.95 




ComputerEyes lIGS 


195.95 


ORANGE CHERRY — TALKING SHOOLHOUSE 


Apple Video Overlay Card 


429.95 


Talking ABC's GS 


38.95 


AE Sonic Blaster 


98.95 


Talking Addition & Subtraction GS 


38.95 


AE Audio Animator 


179.95 


Talking Animals Activity Set GS 


38.95 


Echo II 


109.95 


Talking Classroom GS 
Talking USA Map GS 


38.95 
38.95 



ACCELERATORS 

AE TransWarp GS 259.95 

ZipChip 8MHz (lie) 139.95 

Zip GSX Plus 249.95 

COMPUTERS 

Apple lIGS CPU (w/1 MEG. RAM) 799.95 

Laser 128EX 387,95 

Laser 128EX-2 ("5.25) 409.95 

Laser 128 Color System 510,95 

ACCESSORIES 

AE Conserver 77.95 

AE PC Transporter 259.95 

AE PC Transporter lie Installation Kit 29.95 
AE PC Transporter lIGS installation Kit 39.95 

AE Povi/er Supply 64,95 

AE Power Supply lIGS 79,95 

AE TimeMaster 78.95 

AETransOrive 189.95 

AETransDrive(Duo) 289,95 

Apple lie Enahancement Kit 59,95 

Cables (most) 14,95 

Extended 80 Column Card (lie) 27,95 

Kensington Antiglare Filter (lIGS) 39.95 

Kensington System Saver lie 59,95 

Kensington System Saver GS 69,95 

Kensington Dust Covers 1 1 ,95 

SMT No Slot Clock 29,95 
Switchboxes from 32.95 

HYPERMEDIA 

HyperStudio GS 82.95 

*£ir/ HyperCard I I6S 79,95 

Tutor-Tech {lie, lie, lIGS) 149.95 



THE LEARNING COMPANY 

Reader Rabbit or Math Rabbit 24.95 

Talking Reader Rabbit GS 34.95 

Children's Writing & Publishing Center 32.95 



25.95 
29.95 
24,95 
54.95 
54.95 
27.95 



Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego? 
Carmen USA, Europe.Time. or World GS 
The Playroom 
Geometry GS 

Science ToolKit - Master Module 
Science ToolKit - Modules 1 , 2, or 3 

WEEKLY READER 

Sticky Bear Numbers. ABC's, 
Opposites, or Shapes 
Talking Sticky Bear ABC's, 
Opposites, or Shapes 



24.95 



29.95 



MEGC 

Calendar Crafter GS 32.95 
Fraction Munchers or Number Munchers 24.95 



Oregon Trail 
USA GeoGraph GS 
Word Munchers 
World GeoGraph GS 

DAVIDSON 

AlgeBlaster Plus 
Grammar Gremlins 
MathBlaster Plus 
MathBlaster Mystery 
Read & Roll 
Spell It Plus 
Spell It Data Disks 
Word Attack Plus 



24.95 
54.95 
24.95 
54.95 



32.95 
32.95 
32.95 
32.95 
34.95 
32.95 
14.95 
32.95 



INWORDS 



I 

WESTCOOE 

^■^^ The revolution- 

J /\/ ary new way to 

HlfiVVOras your computer. 

With InWords 
and a hand-held scanner, you can 
scan virtually any printed information 
— just as it you typed it from the 
keyboard — only faster. Ready to 
edit, analyze, calculate or print. 
Enters up to 500 words per minute. 
Requires Apple ilGS or enhanced lie 
with 51 2K, and Quickie or compatible 
hand-held scanner. $79.95 




GS MEMORY DOARD cvtech. 
Expand your RAM with this DMA 
compatible lIGS memory card. Its 
unique piggyback connector lets 
you use your existing 1 MEG Apple 
Memory Expansion card, 4 MEG 
GS Juice Plus, or 4 MEG Chinook 
RAM 4000 for added memory. 
1 MEG. $149.95 



SAVES 

Ask about School 
Editions, Lab 
Pacl(s, and Site 
Licenses. 

Get your FREE 
Educational Soft- 
ware Catalog. 




ASK ABOUT OUR 
TEACHER BONUS POINT 
PROGRAM! 



^ ^ Haalitjf Cfimpiiters 



PERFOR IVIANCE 



Circle 136 on Reader Service Card. 



POLICY 

• We ship via Airborne Express, UPS. DHL, and US Mail. Saturday deliveries available. If order is split, 
we pay freight on balance of items. Add $3.95 for C.O.D. certified. 

• RETURNS: All defective or mis-shipped items may be returned mth'm 30 days for refund or 
replacement. Items returned with damaged or incomplete packaging w^ill be charged replacement fees. 
No refunds on sottw/are items (unless otherwise specified). 

• Prices subject to change Vi/ithout notice. 

• We accept school P.O. 's by mail or FAX (313) 774-2698. 




MACINTOSH 



simHy 




s the Apple hard drive leader, we've 
sold and serviced every hard drive on 
the market. We've shipped them out, 
and we've seen them come back - in 
droves. We've listened to thousands 
of complaints and processed 
hundreds of returns. 



Finally, those days are over. We are proud to 
announce a hard drive we trust so much that 
we put our name on it - the Q Drive. 

Why do we trust the Q Drive? Simply, we 
demanded the best, and we got it: 

THE BEST INTERNAL MECHANISM. Other 
companies sell hard drives with poor quality 
internal mechanisms to keep their costs down. 
We didn't settle for that. Thaf s why the Q 
Drive uses only top-quality Conner mecha- 
nisms. The Conner is fast (25ms), quiet, reliable, 
and uses the latest hard drive technology, 
including a voice coil actuator for faster head 
positioning, and track buffering for quick data 
access. 

THE BEST COMPATIBILITY, We demanded 
SCSI compatibility. With SCSI you get complete 
compatibility with all present and future Apple 
products, as well as almost any new system 
you get, whether if s Apple, Macintosh, or IBM. 
The Q Drive comes with the Apple High-Speed 
SCSI card, standard, or the RamFAST/SCSI 
card on request. 

THE BEST DOCUMENTATION. The Q 

Drive's plain-EngUsh manual is the most 
complete available. It not only covers 
installation and set up, but also hard drive 
basics, ProDOS, pathnames, subdirectories, 
GS/OS, the Finder, backups, maintenance, and 
troubleshooting. There's even a glossary of 
hard drive terminology. 

EASIEST TO USE. The Q Drive's software 
makes setting up a breeze. It instantly 
determines which Apple if s running on and 



configures the Q Drive appropriately. The latest 
system software is built-in, along with the 
Finder or FroDOS 8 Mini-Selector, and 15 MEG 
of the best public domain softw^are available. 
The Q Drive even performs diagnostics, and 
can install EasyDrive for you, automatically. 

THE BEST SERVICE AND SUPPORT. The Q 

Drive is backed by the Quality Computers 
Technical Support staff - the best in the 
business. It comes with a hassle-free 30-day 
money back guarantee, and a 1-year Hmited 
warranty. Plus, should your Q Drive ever fail, 
you can count on 72-hour average service time, 
and complete data recovery in most cases. 

THE BEST PRICE. We priced the Q Drive to 
make it one of the most affordable hard drives 
available. Hardware, software, support, and 
price make the Q Drive the best Apple hard 
drive value. Take one for a test drive today! 

WHATTHEYRE SAYING 

"The Q Drive is fantastic! Super-fast, formats 
itself, and a super 15 MEG softw^are base — 
what a bonus! 

Howard J. Dillon 
Us Vegas, NV 

". . . the Q Drive software is so easy to use that 
it practically sets up the drive itself." 

inCider Magazine 

40 MEG $599.95 

100 MEG 849,95 

Includes the Apple High-Speed SCSI card. 
Add $70 for RamFAST/SCSI card. 



Uluyer's 



Undecided about a hard 
drive? Gel the Hard Drive 
Buyer's Guide. ONLY $6 
(Shipped overnight to most 
locations — Refundable 
when you buy a hard drive 
from Quality Computers) 




^ ^ Suality 



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(800)441.4403 



ADMINISTRATI\'E ASSISTANT Lisa Benway-Caron 
Western Sales Office 

mmn sales manager James Bums 
242! Broadway 
Suite 200 

Redwood City, Ca 94063 
(415)363.5230 

MARKETING SERVICES/PROMOTION 



DIRECTOR OF marketing 


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PRESIDENT 


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DIRECTOR OF 


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TECHNOLOGY RESLW;H 




SINGLE-COPY S.4LES DIRECTOR 


Linda Ruth (800) 343-0728 


NEWSSTAND PROMOTION MYNAGER 


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CIRCULATION DIRECTOR 


Megan Lane 


ASSISTANT CIRCULATION M.ANAGER 


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(800)343-0728 


DIRECTOR OF CREDIT S.ALES 


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.AiND COLLECTION 


AUDITS AND STATISTICS 


Cecile Giguere 


FOUNDER 


Wayne Green 



kCHerlAi supports a fonim on America Online. Far information on obtaining appro- 
priate software, call Quantum Computer Semces a( (800) 227-6345 x5290 or 5291. 

#^ The 
^^^^ Audit 

W Bureau 

CiieTlAi (ISSN #1054-64561 is oublished montWv by IDG Communications. 80 
Elm Street, Merborough, NH 03458. Phone: (603) 924-0100. Second-class 
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4 • lnCicJer/A+ • May 1991 



Circle 155 on Reader Service Card. 



QUAUrr COMPUIERS NieHT! 



School P.O.I 
Welcome ! 



HARD DRIVE 
BUYERS' 
GUIDE 

'Disk 

luyer's sion to buy a 
g|iiide hard drive on 
Q fact, not fiction. 

^ """"^ The Hard Drive 
Buyers' Guide, 
exclusively from Quality Computers, 
is packed with the kind of information 
you need to make an intelligent hard 
drive purchase, tt comes with a guide 
to ProDOS 8 & 16 and GS/OS. plus, 
the cost of the guide is refundable 
when you buy a hard drive from Qual- 
ity Computers. Shipped overnight to 
most locations $S.0O 




SENSIBLE 
GRAMMAR 

SENSIBLE 
SOFTWARE 

A fast, easy- 
to-use proof- 
reading 

program that 

lets you check manuscripts for 
common writing errors. Identifies 
over 2,000 commonly misused 
phrases as well as punctuation, 
capitalization, and other 
typographical errors. Works with 
most ProDOS word processors. 
Requires 128K and 80 column 
display. $52.95 





SALVATION SUPREME vitesse 
The total hard-drive volume utility 
for the Apple IIGS. Salvation 
Supreme Includes a point & click 
hard drive backup utility; The 
Exerciser, a virus detector and 
cure; Wings, a comprehensive hard 
drive management system; 
Renaissance, a fast, thorough hard 
drive optimizer; and Deliverance, an 
easy-to-use file repair/recovery 
utility. $119.95 



1 -800-443-6697 



OTHER TITLES 

Crossword Magic 34.95 

Katie's Farm 24.95 

McGee 24.95 

MEW! McGee at the Fun Fair 24.95 

Mavis Beacon Teaciies Typing 27.95 

Mavis Beacon Teaches Typing 6S 33.95 

ENTERTAINMENT SOFTWARE 

Bard s Tale il 22.95 

Battle Chess GS 32.95 

Block Out GS 26.95 

The Cryllan Mission 44.95 

Crystal Quest 32.95 

The Duel; Test Drive II 32.95 

Grand Prix Circuit 28.95 

Hunt for Red October 22.95 

Immortal GS 34,95 

Jack Nicklaus Golf GS 34.95 

Tetris 27.95 

Space Ace 36.95 

Tunnels of Armageddon 29.95 

Xenocide 32.95 

Zany Golf GS 26.95 

SOUND & GRAPHICS SOFTWARE 

Award Maker Plus 29.95 

Bannermania 24.95 

Dazzle Draw 33.95 

Deluxe Paint GS 24.95 

Design Your Own Home GS 59.95 

Font Factory GS 25.95 

GraphicWriterlll 74.95 

GS Font Editor 29.95 

«fiy;inWords(OCR) 79.95 

Labels, Labels, Labels 28.95 

Platinum Paint 59.95 

PrintShopNEW!(3.5or5.25) 29.95 

PrintShop GS 36.95 

PrintShop GS Companion 32.95 
PS Graphics Libraries each 16.95 
PS Graphics Libraries GS each 24.95 

PS Lover's Utility Set (lie or IIGS) 27.95 

Publish It! 3 89.95 

VCR Companion 34.95 



TIMEOUT SERIES — BEAGLE 

DecisionPak 89.95 4 

PerformancePak ■ 69.95 

StylePak 79.95 

MacroEase 25,95 
DeskTools, FiieMaster, PowerPack, 

SideSpread. TextTools, or Thesaurus 32.95 

QuickSpell, SpreadTools, or UltraMacros 40.95 

SuperFonts, SuperForms or Telecomm 42.95 

Outllner 42.9§ 

ReportWriter 48.9^ 

Graph 52.95 

UTILITIES & UNGUAGES 

Apple IIGS System Software Update 5.04 44.95 

Chinook SCSI Tools 29.95 

Copy I! Plus 9.0 25.95 

GrossWorks WM 

GS Desk Accessories 34.95 

Micol Advanced BASIC I le 59.95 

Micol Advanced BASIC IIGS 89.95 

Orca/M or Design Master ,39.*95' 

Orca/PASCAL or Orca/C WM 

Orca Learn to Program 119.95 
QLABS 

RepairWorks or SuperPatch 34.95 

RepairWorks/SuperPatch Combo 49.95 

RAMUP. EasyDrive.orTIC 39.95- 
Ruth Witkin's Best New AW Templates 39.95 
SALVATION 

Exerciser, Deliverance, or Harmonie 29.95 

Independence 24.95 

Guardian, or Renaissance 34.95 

Wings 49.95 

S u p reme ( 5 m odules) 1 1 9;9S 



INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL 

The Hard Drive Buyer's Guide 6.00 

1 001 Things to do with Your Apple IIGS 1 0.95 

Using AppleWorks GS 15.95 

AppleWorks Made Easy 15.95 

Exploring Microsoft Works 24.95 

The Official Print Shop Handbook 1 5.95 



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Clip and mail to: QUALITY COMPUTERS, P.O. Box 665, St. Glair Shores, Ml 48080 
Or call 1-800-443-6697 



OVERSEAS ORDERS 

VIA DHL 
3 DAY DELIVERY! 



Circle 165 on Reader Service Card. 



School P.O.J 
»lcome! 




EASYDRIVE aMds 
The complete management system 
for your hard-disk. Includes a 
Launcher, Selector, File 
Maintenance Program, Image 
Backup/Restore (with compres- 
sion), Disk Optimizer, Index 
Program, and an informative guide 
to ProDOS and GS/OS. ^9.95 




TIC QLABS 

Enjoy a full-featured communica- 
tion program at a price you can live 
with. TIC includes a comprehensive 
macro language {over 70 
commands), dozens of terminal 
emulations, file compression, a no- 
nonsense command structure and 
GS/OS compatibility. $39.95 




REPAIRWORKS/SUPERPATCH 

RepairWorks is the award-winning 
AW database/word processing 
recovery and repair program. 
SuperPatch is the AW 
customization program that lets 
you change AppleWorks in over a 
hundred ways. $34.95/ea. 

49.95/Gombo 



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PERFORMANCE 



BUSINESS HOURS 

SALES: 1-800-966-1508 or 1-800-443-6697 Mon.-Fri. 9AM-9PM Sat. 10AM-4PM (Eastern Time) 
TECHNICAL SUPPORT: (313) 774-7740 Mon.-Fri. 10AM-12/1PM-5:30PM (Eastern Time) 
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20200 E. Nine Mile Road • Box 665 • St. Clair Shores, Ml 48080 
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SSSKSOO) 869-9X52 

In IllinolB CtJl <M5) 338-868S .__ 



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INFO: (815) 338-8913 FAX: (815) 338-4S32i 



Open Mondaif-EcidiQr: 9:0QAM -%mm Skfuxday: liMmn -BmmCWt 




Sdbool P<O.VCODs Weleomel | 


Hard Drives & Controllers 




Memory and Expansion 




Apple Computers & Hardware 



Stor-Mate SCSI Prodrives 

All Stof-Mate HDs include 20 megs of POFree/Shareware 
which includes: SoundSmlth (aS (the two BEST GS 
music programs) with 100s of songs, many CDEVs, 
NDAs, CDAs, Icons, recreatbnal programs Wld utiKfe^ 
These drives come complete with System SoiifMS^^l! 
(or the most current version) installed. 

30 meg 28ms $ 379.00 

46 meg 28ms U 429.00 

80 meg 24ms i! 529.00 

100 meg 19ms S 649.00 

200 meg 1 8ms I ;i ,099.00 

330 meg 15ms $1,299.00 

The PowerDrives 

For the Power User, we introduce the new PcwerDrive High- 
Performance line of hard drives for your Apple II and 
Macintosh oomputar. For the Apple lies the drives 
fndude the Salvation Guardian bad(up utility in addition 
to the software included on the StorMate drives. The 
Apple lie model includes Q-Labs Easy drive software. 
PowerDrives exclusively use Voice Coil actuated 
mechanisms from Quantum with a 64K ratad at 
12ms. All cables included. Apple High-Speed SCSI 
included, add $89.00 for the RAMFast 
PowerDrive 40 



$140.00 



$139,00 



Applied Engineering 

X5S-RAM Plus w/OK 

1meg/$179 2meg/$235 3meg/$290 

4meg/$345 5meg/$401 6meg/$45l 

eS RAM ULTRA w/OK 

256K/$149 512K/$166 1meg/$196 
2meg/$256 3meg/$316 4meg/$371 

RAM Works Ill/Apple lie 256k $127.00 

5i2K/$i47 Tm^m tm^/it8i 

RAM Factor 

populated with OK 

each additional 256K add 



$146.50 

$ 19.00 



Product Spotlights 



Apple llGsCPU $ 849.00 

includes 1 meg, mouse and keyboard 

Apple Color RGB moilRor $ 455.00 

Apple 3.5 Drive $ 329.00 
Apple ImagcnwrHer II w/32Kbuflte 

color printer includes 32k buffer 

Apple ligs MIDI Interface $ 89.00 

Macpavox Color RGB monltor$ 31 9.00 

rmM 0M8764O74G. Includes cable 

A+ Optical MbU^ Maal^CAOB) I $4M 

A+ Optical Mouse ll«i^ic/Mac Plus $ 78.00 

GS Numerics 

Algebra ll/Trig k^h system $ 107.00 



S 599.00 
S 889.00 
S 949.00 
$1,370.00 



PowerDrive 80 
l^iwerDrrve 105 
PowerDrive 210 
Afipned Englliiilliil Drives 

An AE Vulcan difvis m^able fior the Apple llQsy/e,][+, 
Specify computer type when oroering. 

Vulcan 20 (E/GS/+) $ 

Vulcan 40 E/GS/+ S 

Vulcan 100 (E/GS/+) 

AE Storage SpecialHIl 
A HD 3.5 lSMB^drive/GS $ 
CMS 

CMS'60 meg hard disk drive $ 
Apple Computer, Inc. 

DIM SCSI c»n{ro»er 

\vitl1 hard drive purchase | 

without hard drive purchase $ 
RAMFast 

SCSI 256K cache controller 
4 with hard drive purchase A $ 

without hard drive purchase $ 
Q-Labs 

EasyOrive HD Utility for lle/C+$ 



489.00 
639.00 
1.289.00 

237.00 
589.00 



95.00 
103.00 



165.00 

185.00 



VITES^tC^iSR 

Salvation Sgrigs; 



Guardian $ 28.95 Renaissance $ 28.95 
Harmony $ 28.95 Wings $ 47.00 

Exorsizer $ 28.00 Deliverance $ 28.95 
Hewlett Packard Deskiet 500 Printer Packages 



HP 500 $559.00 HP 500/Harmony $579,00 
HP 500/Epson Emulation/Harmony Bundle 



ny 

HP 500 InkJet replacement cartridge 
QuksMe Hand Scanner (Ilgs/lleAk) # 
•^Nothing Beats a Quickref* 



$649.00 
$ 18.00 
#195.00 



THE Pm MotiSE by New Concepts 
A drastically new alternative to the mouse. It 
feels like a pen, it works like a mouse! 
Animaxdmm $79.00 

iPif leidlitPLut by New Concepts 
simply the best full-motion digitizer available 
for the Apple llgs. Includes Allison image 
piooesshg aoftware ftr tie best image ca(^ on 
KeGSBSBfl Hir^ 



ZIP Accelerators 

ZIP 8000 8MHz- lle/llc/ll+ 

4 ZIP 1600 GSX 8MHz/llGS 
ZIP 1525 GS 8MHz-llGS 
ZIP 1500GS8MHZ- liGS 



$139.00 11 
$239.00 !!! # 

$224.00 11 

$187.00 11 <^ 



ZIPaooo roplaoesthG 66CQe65GeCPU raeasrgspee^ 
Of 4. 

2PlS25CS6amnkBd1hetreplaoo6^p^ t 
■xLdQsa16kcachsandBMHzp(Dces8or. msnxxfaiBnotipgadsebte. 
2PlSOOGS 'Bamncaidtietrepboe6tiB|]RX«sor. TNifnxMfBSanaioadw 
afKJ6MHzptDoes9or. liBnQtDMAoQiBpM^Mi«|l«m^^ 
avaisfalftThlt modai tt not upgriji^li. ' 



ITOOLBOX/France iHOTi 
Straight from France to your living room, 

3 sizzling new programs!! 

i Bouncing Bluster II $ 55.00 4 

4 Space Sharks $ 45.00 4 
i PhotonixII $40.00 i 

Space Ace $ 49.00 

The Immortal $ 36.00 

Graphk: Disk Labeier $ 24JS0 
i Kpterm2.21eleeDm 4 



Circle 44 on Reader Senrice Card. 



35.00 RAM Express II for the Apple llc+ 



Misc. Hardware 



4 Drive a Bargain Home! 4 

We'll give you a 10% discount on the piiMia W any RAM 
Expansion board with 2 megs and mom m aiiy quantity of 
RAM expansion kits, when you buy any Starmaie or Power - 

Drive with BOMB or above. 

Disiju;:'- * 'or 30 ciny;; after drive pLircliaoC. 



180.00 
$ 19.00 



Modems & Telecom 



USRobotics 

HST14.4 Kbps V.42bis 
Dual Standard 14.4HST/V.32 



599.00 
949.00 



139.00 
179.00 
189.00 



Applied Engineering 

DataLinkl200 internal 
DataLink 2400 internal 
DataLink 2400 Express external 

DataUnk2400E>pessiMM^ 239.00 

Cardinal 

Cardinal 2400bps external $ 109.00 

Cardinal 2400bps extemal/MNP 5 $ 1 79.00 

Hayes 

Hayes V-Series 9600 V.42bis $ 669.00 



populated with 256K 
each additional 256K add 
ColorLink RGB ad^lor 
Harris Labs 
4 GS-Sauce w/OK 
4 GS-Sauce w/1 meg 
* GS-Sauce w/2 megs 
4 GS-Sauce w/4 megs 

OctoRAMGSw/OK 

1 meg/$179 2megs^$237 Amegsfl 
5 megs/$405 6 megs/$455 

NCS-GS Expansion board W/OK $ 69.00 

1 meg/$l29 2megs/$179 4 megs/ $289 

GS-4 Memory Expansion w/OK $ 59.00 

1 meg/$109 2me6s/$164 4 megs/$269 




79.00 
139.00 
189.00 
285.00 

Iti^O 



FutumShock Ehierfalnnnent System 

Version 2.0, includes Future Pad $ 59.00 
UPS Systems (Back Up Power Supplies) 

Emer^n Conieitildr Power 
UPS 600 $ 659.00 

Joysticks 

CHFIightstick $ 54.00 

CHMsdill $ 31.00 

CHMachlll $ 37.00 

Applied Engineering 

AETranswarpGS $ 247.00 

^3f5 Drive (^(pandabtetoiecXJN^ $ 195.00 

AE UD oontroller card for \Mh | 69.00 

AE Audb Animator Stereo/IVIIDI | 1 77.00 

AE Sonte Blaster GS Stereo | 96.00 

AE Pa-Transporter/768k | 255.00 

PC^T GS Installation kit I 37.00 

PC-T lie Installatbn kit $ 29.00 

8087 Math co-processor for PC-T $ 1 89.00 

Applied Engineering Consen/er $ 77.00 

FastMath Apple 11 coHDrocessor $ 131 .00 

AE llgs Heavy Duty Power Supply $ 77.00 

Ker^ngSilmC^ I 39!oo 

No surcheroe for VI«a/MC. Add $5 for FedEx COD Service, kd4 $4 foif HPS QOp Service., tlUilols ireeldente add 6.$%^ e«ile«, ta)i. 
All Hardware may be returned within 15 days of recetpt with no reetocklng fee. Shipping chwges vary« PH^es euMeet to ctumte. 



1 fnegafayts 80ns ^oonsion kits fx tie/ 
1 megelaybaSnsSmsfortiaGSf 

256k FVyy|lte1brRWUIJ«.A2GSmemoiy 
256kx4RM^I«&txG&RAMUlaandRamP^ ; 

All RAM Is new with a 5 year warranty. We guarantee 
oompttttS^wlhal AppteJk^tB^ csompalble computers. 



^•\<c Look for the 4 for 
^ LRO Specials I 



To Order. Call Our TolHtaeOrderLine 

(800) 869-9152 

Illinois Residents Call (815) 338-8685 





1991 Vol. 9 No. 5 



34 



40 



44 



57 



62 



Articles 



p. 34 



HyperClass: interactive Multimedia Revolutionizes Education 

Students and teachers have used the Mac-based HyperCard software system to produce 
astounding multimedia results — and the GS version promises to open the door to still more 
kids and educators who want to try their hand at this new kind of creadve programming. 

Hyperstacks Done Dirt Cheap 

The hypermedia revolution puts the power of programming into the hands of Apple users at 
all levels of experience. inCider/A + presents a sampling of shareware applications for Hyper- 
Studio and Mac HyperCard, available from user groups, BBSes, on-line semces, and disk hous- 
es. Explore an exciting new dimension in teaching, learning, and entertainment. 

CD-ROM Comes of Age 

Is it time to take CD-ROM seriously? Drives are plentiful and affordable. A wide variety of 
software is also available, offering hundreds of megabytes of information on eveiy thing 
from Beethoven to world histoiy. 

Hard-Disk Drives Made Easy: It Pays to Be Organized 

Don't let your hard drive's speed and convenience go to waste — follow your operating 
system's own file structure to manage your data effectively and efficiently. 

Graphics Gallery: Vive la Difference 

Fear of the blank screen is often the most difficult hurdle for computer artists to over- 
come — but seeing things in a different light is the key to getting started. 




p. 44 

Cover Illustration + Kerry Gavin 



Columns 



InClder's View ^ Dan Muse 
What's New 



8 

Stattus Report + Paul Statt 

Darwin and the Computer 

AppleWorks in Action -^ Ruth Witkin 

Ci7stal Gazing 64 

Bridging the Gap ^ Gregg Keizer 

Printer Polygamy ..OO 

Press Room - Cynthia E. Field 
Show-offs ..74 

Apple lies Basics ^RonLichty 

Battle of the Languages * O 



Learning Curve David D. Thomhurg 

Compact Discoveiy 2 00 



Departments, 

Letters to the Editor . 
What's New 



.10 

.16 



Apple Clinic 

Editing BASIC with AppleWorks, Convert Word 
Processing, What's Beta Testing? Problems with 
GET in BASIC, Mouse Support in BASIC, Wheie's 
the Mini-Assembler? Saving Graphics Images, 

AppleWorks Clinic : .: 22 

Reviews 

Applied Engineering HD 
vs. Sprite SD 340, Time- 
Liner, Salvation-Bakkup, 
The Immortal, 
Pipe Dream 2o 

Hints & Techniques 

While the Cat's Away: 
No More Mousetrap..,. 

Editors' Choice 

InWords 



90 




Downloaded fromwwwApple2Online.com 



May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 7 




TNCIDER'S 

IVIEW 

^^'re left 
with one question 
for HyperCard 
and CD-ROM 
developers: 
Why ignore 
the IIGS? 



WHAT'S New 

By DAN MUSE ^ EDITOR IN CHIEF 



WHEN DOES SOMETHING NEW STOP 
being new? To some people, a new car stops 
being new when you stop inspecting it for the 
smallest ding before you drive it. After you wear 
a new tie once, it's old. A new dog becomes old 
when you can no longer teach it new tricks. And 
to many, a new technology ceases to be new 
only when you can actually use it productively. 

Weai7 computer users tend to mn when they 
hear "new" and "technology" mentioned in the 
same sentence — and with good reason. If you 
can't rely completely on the hardware and soft- 
ware you use in your home, school, or office, 
how valuable can it be? 

This month, inCider/A+ explores two new 
technologies. But in this case, new doesn't mean 
unproven. HyperCaixl and CD-ROM (compact- 
disc read-only memoiy) have been evolving for 
years; it's just their adoption by educators, and 
computer users in general, that's new. 

In fact, CD-ROM is probably the computer 
industry's oldest new technology. CD-ROM has 
been looking for an application for more than 
five years. At first, CD-ROM appeared headed 
for business, where large databases that had 
traditionally lived on mainframe and mini- 
computers could move to a PC -based CD-ROM 
drive. What has legitimized CD-ROM, however, 

— and what we think will drive it in the future 

— are education and entertainment products. 
The other "new" technology we cover this 

month is HyperCard. In many ways HyperCaixl 
and CD-ROM were made for each other. 
CD-ROM discs can store hundreds of megabytes' 
worth of graphics and text, and HyperCard pix)- 
vides an intuitive interface that makes it easier to 
access that data. To really put the power of 
HyperCard to good use, you need a large stoiage 
capacit)'. For example, HyperCard is perfect for 
tracing the events of the Civil War. But how 
creative can developers get with sound, gi^aphics, 
and text when they're limited to floppy disks? A 
mai riage betvs een the two technologies is natui^. 
We're impressed by both HyperCard and 



CD-ROM, but we're left with one question for 
developers: Why ignore the IIgs? As author 
Carol Holzberg prepared her list of discs to 
review, the lack of Apple II products was stagger- 
ing. Apple's CD SC drive is a SCSI (small- 
computer-systems interface) device, so it works 
with an Apple II and SCSI card. And it should go 
without saying that the II is still the most widely 
used computer in schools. So what's the problem? 

We're also anxious to see HyperCard IIgs take 
off. As Gregg Keizer discovered, teachers 
around the country are doing some amazing 
things with HyperCard on the Mac. As we've 
reported in the past, they're also producing 
some stunning stacks with Roger Wagner's 
HyperStudio. We're hoping HyperCard IICS 
finds its niche — a niche that seems fairly well 
defined already. Teachers who know how to use 
HyperCard on the Mac can jump right into 
HyperCard IlGS. With a million OSes out there, 
there's certainly an installed base to sell to. Even 
if the Mac LC does what Apple hopes it will do 
in the classroom, the GS has a hefty head start. 

HyperCard IlCiS isn't for the thrifty GS owner, 
though. And that causes Apple a bit of embar- 
rassment. The standard IIgs with one megabyte 
of RAM (random-access memory) and no hard- 
disk drive can't run HyperCard IIgs. For that 
reason, Apple doesn't include HyperCard IIgs 
with eveiy GS, unlike the Mac version. In addi- 
tion to buying HyperCard IIgs, you'll need to 
add a hard-disk drive and extra memory — the 
more the better — to use HyperCard IIgs. You 
should probably have an accelerator, too. 

HyperCard and CD-ROM offer both edu- 
cators and parents a rare combination of 
power, ease of use, and creativity. Judging 
from the number of HyperCard stacks and 
CD-ROM discs available, software publishers 
have recognized that fact. What they apparently 
fail to see is what they'll miss if they don't 
include the Apple II in the new-product 
picture. Apple IIgs owners have the technology; 
all they need are the products. □ 



8 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Let's talk more about deals 

you can't reftise... 

I'm gonna keep taking care of you and your Apple.So 
you check out the price of something you need with the 
other MOBs {Mail Order Businesses) and see what they 
gotta say. Then you give me a call. I'll beat the other 
MOBs best advertised price in this magazine^ or I'm 
gonna send you a check for *5.* How can you refuse? 




Still the No. 1 MOB 
and going strong. 






HOW TO ORDER: 

Orders only: 1-800-438-2883 

FAX: 1-619-274-2440 

1S% fIS/min. restocking fee on 
refunded items only) 

Price quotes & technical sudd 
1-619-274-1253 

8am-5pm PST H/londay-Friday 
• Committed to Value Since 1985 



P.O. Box 171466 
San Diego, CA 92197 

Circle 90 on Reader Service Card. 



wusands 
'Apple 
'oaucts in 
ock and 



Featuring these 
manufacturers: 
(along with hundreds of 
others too numerous to list) 
Abbracadata • Accolade 
Addison Wesley • American 
Micro Research • Applied 
Engineering • Apricom • 
Artworx • Beagle Bros • 
Broderbund • CH Products • 
Claris • CMS Enhancements 
• CV Technologies • 
Davidson & Assoc. • Digital 
Visions • Electronic Arts • 
Glen Bredon • Insync • Intuit 
Software • Kensington • 
Laser Computer • Lawrence 
Prod • Magnavox • Micro 
Revelations • Microsoft • 
Morgan Davis Group • Night 
Owl • Ohio Kache Systems • 
Orange Micro • Passport 
Designs • Progressive • 
Pygraphics • Readysoft • 
Roger Wagner • Sensible 
Software • Seven Hills • 
Sierra On-Line • Softspoken* 
Strategic Studies • Supra 
Corporation • Thirdware • 
Timeworks Software • 
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Westcode Software • 
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TO THE EDITOR 



HyperBias 

i've been an apple ii user since 
1978. I've also been a Mac user since 
1985. I've used both for multimedia for 
many years; therefore, I read with interest 
Roger Wagner's letter in the February 
issue. (See "The Apple IlGS: What the Mac 
LC Should Have Been?" p. 13.) I've 
observed the progress of Mr. Wagner and 
his company for many years and I respect 
him a great deal, so I was surprised by the 
inaccuracy and bias I found in almost all 
his arguments. 

Mr. Wagner states that the Apple IIgs is 
superior because it can be connected to a 
monitor or TV, and that to do the same 
with a Macintosh would cost $2000 or 
more. This isn't true. There aie NTSC con- 
verters for the Macintosh priced under 
$500, and Apple itself provides (but doesn't 
warrant or support) the cheapest option — 
the Apple Video Card Utility, which is free. 
This software, combined with a cable you 
can make for under $15, lets you 
display Macintosh video on a classroom 
monitor. You can use any TV by adding a 
$10 RF modulator or connecting through 
a VCR, which in many schools is already 
attached to the TV cart. And, you can then 
record the output with the VCR. I've used 
the Video Card UtiHty with HyperCard 
stacks and it works amazingly well. 

Mr Wagner also claims that "to just draw 
a line or two in color you'll need a IIgs 
with HyperCard or HyperStudio." I find it 
hard to believe that he's never heard of 
SuperCard, PLUS, AuthorWai^e, or Macro- 
mind Director, all of which provide muki- 
media support with color graphics, and 
run rings around HyperStudio and Hyper- 
Card IIgs. 

He alleges that to use the microphone 
on the LC you must leave HyperCard and 



run a separate program. The Audio Help 
Stack, which comes on the hard disk of 
eveiy LC, lets you record and even edit 
sounds without leaving HyperCard. You 
can incorporate those sounds into your 
stack with a single command. 

I can only partially refute his last point 
— that stack building on the IIgs is easier. 
Obviously, stack building with HyperCard 
on the IIgs is the same as it is on the Mac. 
It may be easier with HyperStudio, but 
only because HyperStudio can't do as 
much, therefore limiting the choices and 
skills required. 

I agree wholeheartedly that the IIgs isn't 
outdated technology and that it's a terrific 
multimedia computer. Its graphics screens 
are adequate, its sound capabilities are 
awesome, and the Apple II Video Overlay 
Card is a steal at $500. But as an open- 
minded and devoted supporter of both 
the Apple II and the Macintosh, I felt that 
Mr. Wagner's lopsided comparison 
begged a rebuttal. The Mac LC may 
be more expensive, but its multimedia 
capabilities exceed those of the IIgs. 

Jim Taylor 
Manager 

Microcomputer Support for Curriculum 
Brig ham Young University 
69 South 400 East 
Orem, UT 84058 

ResponsibilityWare 

after reading so much about 
the v^ork of Brian Greenstone and 
Dave Triplett in your magazine, I 
decided to purchase a couple of their 
shareware games, including Cosmocade. 
When I got it up and running, I saw their 
message to the people who use their 
games and don't send in the shareware fee; 



they say that they didn't finish Cosmocade 
and aren't going to do any more work for 
the GS if they don't get some real support. 

To all readers: If you own an Apple, you 
probably have a copy of at least one share- 
ware product. Why haven't you sent in 
your money? Apple users are always crying 
for support, but when we finally get it, 
we're willing to let it slide down the drain 
because we're too cheap to part with a 
measly $15. If you never use a shareware 
program, fine; throw it out or pass it on to 
someone else. But if you're using share- 
ware without paying for it, don't complain 
when there isn't any software around 
anymore. It's your own fault. 

Ruel Smith 
Cincinnati, OH 

We cmMn't have said U better ourselves. — eds. 

Where Credit Is Due 

as the president of pelican 
Software, I want to thank you for the 
excellent review of SuperPrint II, 
distmbuted by Scholastic Inc. (See October 
1990. p. 32.) 

Pelican welcomes all reviews — the ones 
that point out flaws in our programs (nah, 
we never have any flaws), the ones that 
keep us on our toes, and the ones that are 
so positive I buy tons of copies of inCider/A+ 
to give to our fiiends and family. Tradition- 
ally, though, software reviews ignore the 
developers of the product and mention 
only the publishers. 

My staff — Susan Swan son, Ken Grey, 
Lester Humphrey, and all our wonderftil 
artists — are the force behind the concept, 
interface, look, and feel of SuperPrint. I 
believe that software products should be 
reviewed as if they were movies. Academy 
Awards aren't given to a film's distributor, C> 



10 • inCtder/A+ • May 1991 



FROM HOME TO SCHOOL 
AND BACK AGAIN, 
FAS-TRACK DELIVERS! 



NEARLY A DECADE OF SERVICE TO OUR CUSTOMERS 
TOLL-FREE SUPPORT— BEFORE AND AFTER THE SALE 
EVERYDAY LOW PRICES 



■ WE WELCOME SCHOOL PURCHASE ORDERS 
« ALL SCHOOL ORDERS ON APPROVAL 
« CALL FOR FREE 72 PAGE CATALOG 



Applied Engineering 




GS RamHw/lMeg $149.95 

GS Ram H w/2 Meg $199.95 

GS Ram Plus w/1 Meg $199.95 

GS Ram Plus w/2 Meg $249.95 

TransWarpngs $254.95 

TransWarp He (4 mhz) $96.95 

RamWorks m w/256K $144.95 

DaiaLink 2400B Modem $169.95 

w/Sendfax (Egs) $204.95 

DaraLink Express Modem $164.95 

%v;MNP5 & sendfax(ngs)$224.95 

N'ulcan 20 Meg Drive $499.95 

Vulcan 40 Meg Drive $649.95 



AE 3.5" Daisy-Chain Drive 



800K$1 94.95 
1.6 Meg $254.95 



Laser Computers 



Laser 1 28 w/RGB men $499.95 
Laser 128EXw/RGBmon $579.95 
Laser 190 A Printer $194.95 
Laser 1 90M Printer $224.95 

(Computer prices include freight) 



Accessories 



IW Black Ribbon 
1-5 $2.95 6+ $2.50 

IW 4-Color 
1-5 $6.50 6f 5.75 

10 DS/DD 3.5" Disks $5.50 

10 High Density 3.5" Disks $10.50 

25 DS/DD 5.25" Disks $8.75 

Locking 3.5" or 5.25" Case $7.95 




Memory Chips 



256K xl Drams (8 - 120ns) $19.95 
256 X 4 Drams (2 - 120ns) $19.95 
1 Meg X 1 Drams (8 - 10ns) $59.95 



Vitesse Quickie Scanner 



Quickie 400DPI 
Handscannerfor 
Apple He & Ugs 
includes new 16 

gray shade 
software 

$194.95 




i 



InWords OCR(Req. Quickie)$79.95 
Quickie Update $79.95 
Haimonie $30.95 



AMR AS1.4K 3.5" Drive 



nc+,ngs 800K; 
) Macintosh 1 .4 Meg 

$189.95 

ngs 5.25" $139.95 



Apple Ee UDC Card 



$39.95 



Zoom 2400B Modem Package 




Package includes Zoom MX 2400 baud 
external modem, Beagle Brothers Point- 
to-Point Communications software, 
Compuserve and Genie starter Kits and 
more. Compatible with Apple lie, He, 
Egs, and Laser 128 series $139.95 



Digital Vision 



ComputerEyes Ee $99.95 
ComputerEyes Egs $ 194.95 



Other Hardware 



Thunder Scan $154.95 
Fingerprint GSI $89.95 
Ee 80 Column 64K Card $24.95 




Apple Egs 
$29.95 



DTP and Graphics Software 



Publish It!3 $79.95 
4 in one Graphics Pack $74.95 
Educational Graphics $25 .95 

Childrens' Writing & PubHshing 

Center $36.95 
Children's Writing & PubHshing 

Center Graphics Pack $46.95 
Mickey's Crossword Maker $24.95 
VCR Companion $29.95 



Beagle Brothers Software 



Platinum Paint (Egs) $61.95 

AW 3 .0 Companion $24.95 

T.O. Style Pack $81.95 

T.O. Decision Pack $93.95 

T.O. Performance Pack $68.95 

T.O. TextTools, Thesaurus $30.95 

T.O.Superfonts $42.95 

T.O. Desktools I or E $30.95 

T.O. Sidespread $30.95 

T.O. ReportWriter $49.50 

T.O. SuperPorms, Outliner $43.95 



Entertainment Software 



Chessmaster 2100 

aieorEgs) $31.95 

The Immortal (Egs) $32.95 

Pipe Dream (Ee and Egs) $17.95 

Task Force (Egs) $24.95 

Prince of Persia $20.95 
Hunt for Red Oct(Ee or Egs)$21 .95 

Zany Golf (Egs) $26.95 

Maniac Mansion $14.95 

Tetris (Ee and Egs) $24.95 



1 The New Print Shop 1 




FViiitShop 


Apple 128K 






$29.95 






Print Shop Egs 






$35.95 



Sampler Graphics He $19.95 Ilgs $19.95 
Party Graphics He $19.95 Ilgs $19.95 
School & Business Graphics He $19.95 



Productivity Software 



AppleWorks 3.0 $169.95 
AppleWorks GS 1.1 $199.95 
Design Your Own Home 
Architecture, Interior, Landscape 
each (Ee) $44.95 (Egs) $55.95 
HyperSmdio 2.1 (Egs) $89.95 
Quicken $37.95 
ProTERM $79.95 
Swiftax 1990 $39.95 



Utility Software 



Copy E Plus 9.1 $24.95 
Prosell6(Egs) $54.95 
Cross-Works $69.95 
Vitesse Salvation Series(llgs$ 119.95 



Educational Software 



Where in Time 
Where in the World 
Where in the USA 
Where in Europe 
Oregon Trail 

McGee or Katies Farm(Egs) 
McGee Fun Fair (Egs) 
GeoQuiz 

GeoPuzzle (Ee or Egs) 
Think Quick 

Mavis Beacon Typing (Ee) 
Mavis Beacon Typing (Egs) 
Computer SAT or ACT 
The Playroom 



$27.95 
$25.95 
$27.95 
$27.95 
$24.95 
$26.95 
$26.95 
$24.95 
$24.95 
$29.95 
$25.95 
$31.95 
$30.95 
$25.95 



compueE^p^ODUce^ 



ALWAYS CALL J -800-272- 1 600 

TOLL-FREE iv^w 



VtSA 
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1 -6 14-847-4050 (Centred Ohio) 
1-614^847-4180 FAX 



Business Hours: Mon—Fri 9 AM to 8 PM/Sat 10 AM to 5 PM (EST) 



v\"e accep: MasterCard, VISA, and Discover Card— no extra charge. We accept school purchase orders. Continentctl U.S., F.P.O,, and A. P.O. , add 3% (rniriirnum $4.00) for 
each shipment. AK,HI.PR,VI, and Canada, add 5% (rTiiriirnurn $ 1 0). International orders, except Canada, will be shipped priority modi insured and charges will be added 
:c yo^or order. No CCD, Ohio residents add 5.75% Sales Tax. Absolutely no returns without prior cruthorizcrtion. Schcols hove 30 days to approve software ordered on a 
purchase order. Personal orders; We can only accept returns within 45 days on defective merchandise for replacement. Shipping charges ore not refundable. Prices and 
ovcdability are subject to change without notice. 



7030C HUNTLEY ROAD ■ COLUMBUS, OHIO 43229 

Circle 85 on Reader Service Card. 



APPLE liGS, lie, lie 



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NEW GS229 Etfwrite Easy-to-use word processor, with 

Instructions plus 117 fonts! * Best Setter $9 

Print Shop™ Uos Graphics - PDE Excluslves! 

I J GS155 100 color pictures of sports, hobbies, games' .... $9 

[ J GS156 100 color pictures of people, faces, clothing* $9 

n GS157 100 color pictures of animals of every kind!* $9 

n GS158 100 color pictures of symbols, emblems, & logos* . $9 
: GS177 100 educational pictures, history, science, geog. flags* $9 
GS178 100 pictures of fonts and color borders* $9 

* Requires Print Shop liGS to use. 

arapMcs/Grmphlc UtttMos 

n GS63 Cheap Paint— full-featuried color pnt prpg (tbsk req.) (siA/t)$9 
ri GS131,GS132 84 fonts for desktop publishing, (2 disks) $18 
I '. GS230 Movie.pics— "Honey I Shrunk The Kids", 12 more . $9 
: GS236 Star Trek Clips of Opt Kirk+Spock in action (s^i . $9 
AOult Graphics 

! J GS136,GS137 Adults-only: 44 gorgeous ladies (2 disk set) $18 
[ 1 GS187,188 50 more lovely ladies to dazzle you. (2 disk set>$18 
Games/Eniortalnmeni/Educatlon 

\ GS206 Rush. Hour.GS-H more new arcades + puzzles (swt)$9 
: ; GS216,217,218 Bouncing Bluster— like Brickout, with 

realistic sound/graphics. Best arcade ever! iswt) o disks) $27 

GS219 Space Cluster— shoot alien invaders, fast-paced, joystick$9 
1 ; GS220 Star Wizard-fight off starships, fly thru 3-D maze . $9 
n GS221,GS222 Cosmocade— blow away aliens in the jungle 

and in space, along with music, joystick {2 disk sET)(swt)$18 
\ i NEW GS225 Caid Games: Wisconsin Rummy, more (swt)$9 
I ' GS226,GS227 Dinostacks— watch and learn about 

dinosaurs! (Req HyperStudio^'^) (2 disk set) (tsw) $18 

□ GS231 Horoscope GS— interpret your stars! (swt) $9 

□ NEW GS233 Columns— Addictive puzzle arcade w/music$9 
ri NEW GS248 Star Trek Classic— game with stereo and 

great graphics, (req i s meg. and system so*) (tsw) $9 

UANY 10 DISKS FO R ONLY . . . , $59.95 

Apple If Print Shop™ Graphics 

937 70+ b/w pictures of sports, hobbies, games* $5 

1. 938 70+ blw pictures of people, faces, clothing' $5 

n 939 70+ b/w pictures of animals of every kind!* $5 

[ I 940 70+ b/w pictures of symbols, emblems, & logos* . . $5 

■Requires Print Shop to use. 

Gamos^Educatlon 

[j 814 Monopoly: The popular board game $5 

□ 974 Flobynoid— great Tetris^" clone, more. (SHAREWAREti . $5 
n 976,977 WofW of Pinball— 14 gfeat pinball games (swr) & disks)$10 
[ J NEW 983 Understanding Taxes easy, step-by-step program$5 
n NEW 985 Make your own Wordsearch puzzles, prints, wAJoc$5 
ri NEW 987,988,989,990 Study galaxies, clusters, and nebulae 

with Saguaro's Deep Sky Database (4 disk set) $20 

Passlort 

n 190,800 X-Rated graphics for adults only (2 disk set) . . $10 
i 961,962 Beach Girl, more lovely ladies. (2 disk set) . . $10 
f The author requests a specified donation if you decide to use the program. 

O ^ I A I I One Yr Membefship ($20 value): 

wKIZli/IAL.! • Complete fully-indexed 

directories of software 

A nm« «Ji«*Lr«. ' I Apple directory describing 

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plus 1 Yr. MemOersnip • 28 pg qtrly Magazines w/100's 
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APPLE II 5V4 " DISKS 



ORDER TOLL FREE 800-331.8125 



Circle 269 on Reader Service Card. 

12 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



TETTERS 

l^TO THE EDITOR 



they're given to the actors, directors, 
producers, and so on. Thanks again for 
your kind review. 

Joel Fried 

President 

Pelican Software 

768 Farmington Avenue 

Farmington, CT 06032 

/^/',s luwe a hearty round of applause for all 
the unxung developers out there. Where would 
publishers be without products? — eds. 

Desktop Video 

after months of reading 
every article you had that mentioned 
the Apple II Video Overlay Card, I 
decided to get one and breathe new life 
into my VCR Companion software. Unfor- 
tunately, I discovered my Apple He wasn't 
"Revision B" and that the Overlay Card 
wouldn't work. I still want to overlay some 
basic things on video and to move up into 
more varieties of such software. Should I 
get a IIc.S or should I go ahead and get a 
Macintosh? How cheaply can I get into 
desktop video on the Mac? 

Clarence E. Mosley 

4314 N.W. 9th Avenue #140 

Pompano Beach, FL 33064 

For basic video editing and creatum, it's less 
expensive to buy an Apple Has than a Mac, 
primarily because the lies hm composite output 
(via RCA plug) built in. In a moid, you can't get 
into desktop video clieaply on a Mac. — eds. 



Foreign-Language 
Difficulties 

FROM RE/\1)INC; THE LEIT ERS TO 
the Editor in your December 1990 
issue, I can see why more teachers 
haven't gotten involved with I'o reign - 
language word processing. The need for 
conligiu ing AppleWorks with s]>ecial add- 
on progiams has always made me leel as 
though I had to pay electronic dues to 
word-process in another language. It 
simply shouldn't have to be that way. The 
simplest progi am I've found to do foreign- 
language word processing is ('lassroom 
News International, by Educational 
Activities ($65; 1937 Grand Avenue, 
Baldwin, NV 1 1510). It's eifective enough 
to quickly take care of my tasks as a 
foreign-Ianguage/ESL director and easy 
enough to use with students to create class- 
room newspapers. \ he program simply 
doesn't require that you have a specific 
level of computer knowledge to be able to 
accomplish yoiu" tasks. 

Lynda Hamlett 

Foreign Language/ESL Director 
Amityville Schools 
Long Island, NY 

Quality Service 

DURING MY CHRISTITVLVS \ACAnON 
from teaching high school, I tried to 
install a Q-Drive and Easy Drive that 
I had purchased at Qualit) Computers' 
open house in Decemher. I had a lot ol 



Corrections 



In our February issue (p. 961, we incor- 
rectly implied that our Editors' Choice, 
Pipe Dream, was available only for the 
Apple lies. Pipe Dream is 8-bit software 
and will run on earlier versions of the 
II as well. 

In "A New Approach to Personal 
Finance" (March 1991, p. 661, the 
update price for TaxCalc-90 on 5.25- 
inch disk by Perfect Solutions Software 
was priced incorrectly as $44.95; it 
should be listed as $24.95. In addition, 
the information on Sierra On-Line's 



Smart Money program contains inaccu- 
racies. According to a spokesperson for 
the company, Sierra On-Line is discon- 
tinuing its productivity product line; 
8-bit Apple lle/llc and 16-bit lies 
versions of Smart Money are still avail- 
able while supplies last. Sierra On-Line 
has never offered a Macintosh version 
of Smart Money. 

Frontier Technologies ("Apple II to Mac 
and Back," March 1991, p. 77) has a 
new address: 2128 Scotten, Detroit, 
Ml 48209-1667. 



trouble, so I called the company and 
talked to a service representative named 
Walker Archer. We determined that my 
Easy Drive software was defective. He said 
that he'd send me a new copy. 

Within a week I received the new soft- 
ware and again tried installing it. Again, I 
had problems, so I called and spoke to 
someone named Steve who spent 30 
minutes on the phone with me, but we 
never got my drive running. 

On January 11 th, I called again to see if 
the company was open on Saturday and to 
ask if I could bring in my computer and 
drives and have someone install EasyDrive 
for me. I spoke to Mr Archer, and when 
he found out I lived in Westland, he said, 
'^I'm coming to Livonia tomorrow. I'll 
bring some tools and visit you." I couldn't 
believe my ears. He arrived with a new 
Apple SCSI card to try first, and sure 
enough, my SCSI card was defective. He 
replaced it and did some double-checking, 
and my Apple has been running smoothly 
ever since. Quality Computers means 
quahty service, and Walker Archer has 
proven that to me. 

George Calder 
P.O. Box 2306 
Livonia, Ml 48151-0306 

This must have been Quality Computers' 
month. We received several letters praising the 
company's customer service^ but this one was the 
most unusual. Well done! — eds. 



Dare We Say Connectivity? 

IN A SIDEBAR IN YOUR DECEMBER 
issue, you mentioned that Pam Michael- 
son used her Apple He with Ultra- 
Macros to do her word processing, and 
then transferred those AppleWorks text 
files to her Mac for desktop publishing 
with PageMaker (See "Connecting in the 
'90s," p. 72.) Last year, my high-school 
publications staff and I decided to produce 
our yearbook, newspapers, and literary 
journal on the Mac. The only hangup was 
that we had only one Mac and one Laser- 
Writer to use. We overcame that by doing 
all our word processing in AppleWorks, 
then taking those text files from lies to the 
school's only IlGS so that we could get 
them onto a 3.5-inch disk for the Mac. We 



processed more than 500 text files though 
Apple File Exhange. It was a logistical night- 
mare, but in just two class periods a day and 
some hard work after school we produced 
four large newspapers, a good-looking liter- 
ary magazine, and a 232-page yearbook. 

In the process, we saved almost $1000 on 
the production of the yearbook and cut 
newspaper production costs in half with 
camera-ready copy, and the literary maga- 
zine almost paid for itself. We also received 
generous donations of peripherals and soft- 
ware from Claris, MegaGraphics, Altsys, 
Cal-Comp, and Irwin Magnetics totaling 
nearly $5000 in retail value to help us with 
our desktop-publishing venture. 

In January, our school district is setting 
us up with some Mac Classics and we'll 
become a primarily Macintosh-based 
publications staff. So far this year, however, 
we've continued to rely on Apple lis to do 
our word processing, and I've no doubt 
that we'll continue to use them frequendy. 
AppleWorks is a tremendous program that 
works flawlessly and can be learned quickly. 
Nothing on the Mac works as easily with 
students. On the other hand, nothing on 
an Apple II can compare to P^gemaker for 
desktop publishing. A smart teacher draws 
on the strengths of all available resources. 

The Mac and the Apple II are perfect 
classmates. Your publication — and only 
yours — acknowleges that. Perhaps you're 
simply the first to declare a truce in the 
Cold War between the two branches of 
the same Apple tree. I agree with your 
contention that there's room for both 
machines in schools, and that a decision to 
use one and exclude the other is foolish. 
Congratulations on your new stance, and 
I once again look forward to seeing issues 
of inCider/A+ in our library. 

Martin Fullington 
Publications Advisor 
21 Forest Ridge Drive 
Arden, NO 28704 



Customer Support 

1 found your december 1990 
issue o^inCider/A+ most interesting. I 
started off with a IlGS and have since 
jazzed it up with all the goodies I could 
plug into the slots — increased memoiy, 
modems, internal/external hard drives, 



1 

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RE-INK IT IN THE PRINTER 

THE FALCON 
This is the only product 
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The average cartridge lasts 
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ribbon cartridge and ink (4 
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The Falcon fits DEC L450, 
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TRACE DRAWINGS, LOGOS, 
DLVGRAMS, ARTWORK, ETC. 

SHARP TRACER 
This product is custom made to 
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It is injection molded 
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Circle 150 an Reader Service Card. 

May 1991 • inCider/A-H • 13 



TETTERS 

jUtothe editor 



and so on. This is truly an all-purpose 
machine that meets my family's needs. 

Last year I bought a Mac SE/30, and 
have since purchased several peripherals 
and software packages for it. Now that I 
have a IIc;s and a Mac, I find that I'm 
better able to assign a specific task to 
whichever machine is more efficient at it. 
Don't throw out your old computer — use 
it next to your new one! 

Primarily, though, 1 want to say that the 
treatment I got from dealers and devel- 
opers of Ik;s products affected my Mac- 
intosh purchasing decisions. The compa- 
nies that gave me good on-line support in 
the past got my orders for new hardware 
and soft^vare. As far as my money is con- 
cerned, the companies that made me listen 
to elevator muzak or a busy signal, or fight 
my way through a phone-mail system, can 
go to the Nintendo market. 

I'd like to remind dealers and developers 
(especially mail-order houses) that we 
computer users like to talk about you, and 



bad news tends to go around much faster 
than good. Developer s also need to remem- 
ber that a company that fails to offer contin- 
uing support (or at least inexpensive 
upgi ades) for an older product will leave us 
wondering what will happen when its latest 
offering reaches its second or thiixl birthday. 

Daniel J. Kenny 

1522 North Lantana Street 

Camarillo, CA 93010 

Family Computing 

1 SUPPOSE I WAS MEANT TO BE A 
Macintosh user — young urban profes- 
sional, three children, fast -paced life, 
and so on. My son, however, is visually 
impaired, and a graphical user interface is 
no friend to those without excellent sight, 
^rhus, we made the somewhat anachronistic 
purchase last year of an Apple lie Plus with 
a Street Electronics speech synthesizer, 
llie pleasant surprise has been the use- 



"My ozvn favorite simulator. .js Design Your Own Train (he was comparing Railroad 
Tycoon, PC-Railroad, and Design Your Ov^n Train). / like laying out the road 
without having to worry about costs and grades and bridges, and I love switching trains 
around tracks and stations without regard to economic factors. I'm totally enthralled by 
railroad collisions../' Don Trivette, PC Magazine, Nov. 27, 1990 

Design Your Own 
RAILROAD 0^ 

You asked for it. Here it is ! ' ' 

Precision designing for scales HO, O, N, Z, S, G. Simulate 
actual railroad operations! Zoom /identify or un/couple 
any of the dozens of individual cars in the operating 
railroad. Run up to 16 cars per train. User-definable car 
database. Revenue and delivery reporting. Much more!! 

Apple II's, Laser 128 (64K) $49.95 

IBM (available in March 1991) 

''Macintosh (call for availability) 

Run Your Own Train 

The "flight simulator" for down to earth 
people. Puts vou in the engineer's seat! 
Design, build and operate your dream 
layout. 

1BM(512K) $39.95 

Apple ll's. Laser 128 {64K) . . . $34.95 

Ask about our library 

(Works with all 3 programs) 

bracadata 

the source of plan -making software 




Design Your Own Train 

Build yourown train system without taking up 
space in your house. Run up to four trains at 
once. Build locomotives. Includes 26 operating 
switches, auto-run, painting, color-fill, whistle, 
pre-drawn scenery shapes, and more. 

1BM(512K) $59.95 

Apple Il's, Laser 128 (64K) $49.95 

Macintosh (512K) $49.95 

Orders: 800-451-4871 or 
FAX: 503-683-1925 

Order by mail: Add S7 shipping first program 
plus $2 ea additional. Send Visa/MC # (with exp. 
date) or check. 




Depi 



PC BOX 2440 
EUGENE. OR 97402 
(503t 342-3030 



fulness of the computer and the fun it has 
brought to our home. All of our children, 
even the 2-year-old, use it daily. My wife, an 
avowed computei-phobe, keeps all her small- 
btisiness records on it. And I'm convinced 
that operating in a text-based environment 
with AppleWorks and Proterm is simply the 
fastest, easiest, most user-fiiendly solution to 
all my computing needs. 

I use PCs and a DEC system at work, 
and often fool around with Macs at friends' 
homes, but I've yet to find anything to top 
my two favorite programs on my lie Plus. 
And, now that I have a 32K memory- 
expansion card in my ImageWriter, I can 
really produce! 

Bruce Williams, M.D. 
7 Manning Street 
Lexington, MA 02173 

The Amencan Printing Home for the Blind 
(AFH, Box 6085, Louisville, KY 40206, 502- 
895-2405) is another excellent source of mate- 
rials for the visually impaired. — eds. 

In Search of CD-ROMs 

ive installed gs/os system 5.0.4 
on my hard disk and have discovered 
that it contains a CD-ROM interface. 
I haven't seen any ads for CD-ROMs for 
the IIgs and am wondering what's avail- 
able and where I can get them. Also, can 
I add a CD-ROM player as part of a 
SCSI daisychain? 

John Croft 
60 Verde Drive 
Santa Cruz, CA 95060 

CD-ROM technology for the Apple IIgs is 
cuirently limited to developer technical-support 
mailings and two commercial discs. To answer 
your second question: Yes, you can use a 
CD-ROM player as part of a SCSI daisyclmin. 
See ''CD-ROMs Come of Age** in this issue, 
p. 44, for details on hardware options and 
disc products available for the Macintosh 
and the Has. — eds. 



INCiDER/A + WELC:OMES RE/VDERS' COMMENTS. WE 
RESERVE TMK RlCiHT TO EDFT LETTERS FOR CLARTPV; 
STILE AND SPACE. PLE.'^SE ADDRESS YOUR CORRE- 
SPONDENCT. TO LETTERS, INCiDERJA-\- , 80 ElM 

Streei, Pei erborolgh, NH 03458. 



Circle 40 on Reader Service Card. 



14 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 




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TOT'S 



edited by Paul Statt 



K mm w e're especially excited about the 
wMwm Macintosh LC," said Bernard 
Gifford. Apple Computer's vice president of 
education, at a recent Apple Education 
Solutions Forum in Tampa, Florida, "because 
[the Mac LC] represents a new horizon in 
education and incorporates many features 
that educators have long been asking for" 
The capabilities of the Mac LC were the 
center of attention in every city where the 
Apple Education Solutions Forum stopped, 
strutting its stuff in San Francisco, Long 
Beach. Tampa, New York, and Chicago. "With 
the LC now shipping." Gifford said, "we 
thought it was extremely important to 'hit 
the road' so our customers could see for 
themselves the results of their input." 

Evidently Apple's customers have been 
asking for better sound input and output, 
better color graphics, more multimedia appli- 
cations, including CD-ROMs and videodiscs, 
foreign-language software, integrated learning 



systems for AppleTalk networks, administrative 
tools, and problem-solving software. 

Apple also announced two new software 
guides for educators, which are available at 
no charge to teachers and administrators. 
The Macintosh Educational Soft- 
ware Guide 1391 reviews 
more than 450 titles in 
business and vocational 
training, early learn- 
ing, fine arts, 
foreign language, 
language arts, 
math science, 
and social 
studies. It also 
includes articles 
on the use of 
Macintosh com- 
puters in special 
education, bilingual 
education, multimedia 



networking, and integrated learning 
systems. The smaller Macintosh Adminis- 
trative and Teacher Productivity Guide 

describes 250 programs for people who 
work in schools. You can order either guide 
by writing to Macintosh Educa- 
tional Software Guide 
1991 or Macintosh 
Administrative 
and Teacher 
Productivity 
Guide at 
Apple 
Computer, 
2 3 3 
Stevens 
Creek 
Boulevard, 
M/S 36-AN. 
Cupertino, 
CA 95014. 
— P.S. 




You Can't Beat This Offer! 



R 



oger Wagner Publishing has an unbeatable offer for any 
school that has an Apple Ilcis and wants to see what all the 
talk about "multimedia" means: a complete Multimedia 
Test Drive Kit you can try at no charge, including copies oi the 
company's HyperStudio software, with microphone and audio- 
digitizing softw are. Hie publisher is also working with manufacturers 
of such multimedia hardware as touch-window screens, scanners, 
videodisc players, and video digitizers to lend teachers all the ec|uip- 
ment they need. The Multimedia Test Drive Kit also includes a 
50-page workbook for conducting a one- or two-day workshop. 
Roger Wkgner, [jnesident of die company, wants die world know that "die 
tools for the effective use of hypermedia are available right now. The 
only remaining obstacle is a simple lack of inlbmiation and expeiience. 
We're happy to to provide this package as a significant breakthnnigh in 
giving teachers an immediate and hands-on way to find out about 
hypemiedia." For details, contiict Delia Smith at Roger Wkgner I\iblish- 
ing, 1050 Pioneer Way, Suite P, El Cajon, CA 92020, (800) 42 1 -6526. 



THE FRENCH CONNECTION 



The quality of French software 
for the Apple lies is undisputed: 
Programs such as Photonix and 
Modulae are public-domain 
stars in this country. But now a 
new company called ToolBox — 
ironic, because most French 
software for the GS eschews 
the use of Apple's tools — will 
be selling some of these popular 
programs retail. 

The first title from ToolBox 
(6 Rue Henri Barbusse, 95100 
Argenteuil, France, telephone 
11 33 1 30 76 18 64) will 
be PHOTONIX II, priced at 
$45, plus $5 for airmail ship- 
ping. Toolbox describes it as 
"that crazy copy program" you 



may have seen duplicating 
disks at lightning speed using 
a witty, unique "spaceship" 
interface. The Photonix II pack- 
age now includes written 
instructions in English and can 
copy Macintosh disks, too. It's 
been upgraded to work with any 
Apple lies, and can be copied 
easily to a hard-disk drive. 

In France, ToolBox produces a 
GS publication called "ToolBox 
Mag" — in French only — and 
has iust released a book called 
"Le lies Epiuche" ("Peeled" or 
"Examined Closely"). Look for 
American versions of Tarot, 
Bouncing Bluster, and Space 
Shark soon. — P.S. 



16 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



GS 

GAMES ARE GREAT! 



^ = MATH T 
SOFTWARE 



Math teachers with Macs don't have to master Mathematica, the 
high-powered, high-priced program that's changing the way 
colleges and universities teach "the queen of sciences." But even 
Mathematica is now available in a less-expensive basic version 
that may be more suited for secondary-school math teachers. 
The MATHEMATICA STUDENT VERSION for the Macintosh 
costs only $139, from Wolfram Research. For more information, 

contact the company at RO. Box 6059, Champaign, IL 61826, 
(217) 398-0700, or circle number 352 on the Reader Service card. 



Geometry is the visual side of 
mathematics, so The 
Geometer's Sketchpad, 
fom Key Curriculum Press, 
is a natural for the Mac. It 
does for geometry what the 
calculator did for arith- 
metic: It's a tool for con- 
structing geometric figures 
on the computer, which the 
student or teacher can then manipu- 
late. It offers tools for locating and 
labeling points, constructing circles, 
and drawing lines. Using these basic 
tools, you can manipulate and measure 
almost any geometric figure. The 
Geometer's Sketchpad is designed for 
use in grades 8 through 12, and is filled 
with lesson plans and ideas for teach- 
ers. It's priced at $169.95. For more 
information, contaa Key Curriculum at 
RO. Box 2304, Berkeley, CA 94702, 
(800) 338-7638, or circle number 353 
on the Reader Service card. 

*Algebra teachers may take more 
comfort from Algebra Xpresser 1.1, 
$149 from William K. Bradford. It's 
a symbolic manipulator and graph- 
ing program that expands, calculates, 
simplifies, solves, and charts algebra- 
ic expressions. It's combined with 
Bradford's Graph Wiz 1.2 (a $99 
value), a powerful fimction and rela- 
tion plotter that illustrates graphs of 
algebraic and trigonometric equa- 
tions and inequalities. For more 
information, contact the company at 
310 School Street, Acton, MA 01720, 
(508) 263-6969, or circle number 354 
on the Reader Sewice card. 
♦Another use for the Mac during or 



after algebra class is Missing Link 
Software's Algebra I Homework 
Tutor, a program that walks students 
through the solution, simplification, 
and factorization of equations, 
inequalities, and expressions. Home- 
work Tutor helps in any of three ways: 
by checking each step of the student's 
work, by showing similar examples, or 
by actually telling the student what to 
do at each step of the problem. The 
efiFordess way in which it catches care- 
less errors in arithmetic or punctua- 
tion and prints neat results without 
crossing out makes it popular even 
among the best students. Algebra I 
Homework Tutor costs $120 from 
Missing Link, 67 Pupek Road, South 
Amboy, NJ 08879, (201) 721-2569. 
Circle number 355 on the Reader 
Service card for more infonnation. 

*A teacher who's just looking for a 
good way to draw graphs need look 
no further than GrafEq, a full- 
featured equation grapher from Ped- 
agoguery Software. GrafEq is sold as 
a school site license for $200; each 
student can then buy a copy for only 
$20. GrafEq draws just about any 
graph you might need in high-school 
math classes: polynomials and 
trigonometric, with Cartesian or polar 
coordinates, as well as some "precalcu- 
lus" graphs such as derivatives. It ofifers 
outstanding control of the size, shape, 
and scale of the finished graph, and 
flexibility in printing. For more infor- 
mation, write Pedagoguery at 4446 
LazeUe Avenue, Terrace, BC V8G 1R8, 
Canada, or circle number 356 on the 
Reader Service card. 



The Apple lies continues to attract 
game developers. Strategic Studies 
Group and Victory Software are two 
such companies that have released 
new titles. 

SSG's PANZER BATTLES is a vivid 
re-creation of armored warfare on the 
Russian Front in World War II. That front, 
between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, was 
probably the greatest concentration of military 
armor the world has ever known. Panzer Battles 
uses SSG's land-combat system to simulate six 
famous struggles; the encirclement at Minsk, 
1941; the Gates of Moscow, 1941; Prokhorovkha, 
1943 — probably the greatest tank battle ever; 
Kanev, 1943; and Korsun, 1944. 

Panzer Battles illustrates the freewheeling 
attacks and counterattacks of the elite German 
SS and Army Panzer Dhrisions and the Russians' 
Siberian Shock Troops and Guards Tank Army. 
Panzer Battles requires a GS with 1 megabyte 
of RAM and at least one 3.5-inch disk drhre; it's 
not copy protected, and It sells for $45. 

For more information, contact the company at 
1747 Orleans Court, Walnut Creek, CA 9459B, 
14151 932-3019, or circle number 350 on the 
Reader Service card. 

Victory Software promises that 2088: THE 
CRYLLAN MISSION: THE SECOND SCENARIO 
will be "completely different, and the ending will 
be shocking!" 

But it isn't only the plot of this completely 
independent game (you don't even need to know 
what the first Cryllan Mission wasl that's new. 
The computei^ayer interfaca has bMl^baiicedi 
Most frequently used menu options are displayed 
as easy-to-use buttons. Interactive conversation 
with characters has been added, and movement 
has been accelerated more than 80 percent, 
resulting in faster, more rewarding play. 

Like the original Cryllan Mission, The Second 
Scenario begins on the planet Crylla with the bad 
news that the crew of the USS Houston is 
missing. The resemblance ends there, however: 
Victory Software has redesigned the planet and 
added five new lands, as well as redrawn all the 
dungeons and monsters — and there are twice 
as many monsters. 

If you played and conquered the first Cryllan 
Mission, you'll enjoy this new challenge. If you're 
a fan of role-play multiplayer adventures, you 
shouldn't be a stranger to Crylla — don't wait 
— visit it today. 

For more information, contact Victory Soft- 
ware, P.O. Box B21381, Houston, TX 77282- 
1381, (7131 493-3232, or circle number 351 on 
the Reader Service card. — P.S. 



May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 17 



from the AppleWorks Programmers Association 



Users 8c Programmers 
Sharing the Power to Create 

AW Tip: Speed up AppleWorks! 
Users with a 128K single or dual 
5.25-inch disk-drive system can 
eliminate much of the disk swap- 
ping necessary with AppleWorks 
3.0 by creating specialty Apple- 
Works disks, containing only the 
program segments required for 
the word-processor, database- 
manager, or spreadsheet module 
you're accessing. Make a sepa- 
rate specialty disk for each 
module. You'll find instructions in 
the AppleWorks 3.0 reference 
manual [Appendix B]. 

Another suggestion: Create a 
boot disk including ProDOS 1.9 
[or an earlier version of ProDQS 
patched with Bird's Better Bye] 
together with Basic. System and 
a one-line BASIC STARTUP pro- 
gram: 10 PRINT CHR$[4};"BYE". 
Remove the ProDOS file from 
the specialty disk to gain just 
enough disk space to install 
TimeOut UltraMacros. Then 
start AppleWorks from the boot 
disk, remove the boot disk, 
insert the specialty disk, press 
the tab key twice, and choose 
ULTRA. SYSTEM from the 
ProDOS selector menu. Do all 
your system and enhancement 
configuration on your Apple- 
Works disks (backups, of course] 
before creating a specialty disk. 

Adding a 3.5-inch disk drive 
or hard disk to your Apple II 
system lets you place all your 
AppleWorks program files into 
one directory [folder]; this elim- 
inates disk swapping and 
enhances ease of operation and 
speed. Recent SCSI hard-drive 
systems will dramatically 
increase access speed. These 
larger storage devices are espe- 
cially desirable when adding 
TimeOut and other enhance- 
ments to AppleWorks. [For more 
information, see the "Hard-Disk 
Drives Made Easy" series begin- 
ning in the January 1991 issue.] 



Increasing the amount of 
random-access memory CRAM) 

available to your Apple 11 will also 
enhance AppleWorks' operation 
and speed. Increased memory 
provides for larger desktops and 
file size. [Various add-on memory 
cards are available from several 
vendors; call for advice on size 
and installation.] AppleWorks 
3.0 preloads into this expanded 
memory; if enough is available, 
the entire program preloads and 
the need for later disk access is 
eliminated. The APA suggests at 
least 1 megabyte of memory for 
most serious AppleWorks users. 

Another hardware answer for 
improving AppleWorks' perfor- 
mance is to increase your com- 
puter's processing speed by 
adding an accelerator card or 
chip to your system. Speeds of 
up to eight times the standard 
1 megahertz are possible. 
Spreadsheet users might also 
investigate the advantages of 
speeding up calculations with a 
math coprocessor board. 

How about software solu- 
tions? A program called Apple- 
Works 3,0 Companion from 
Beagle Bros includes a patch to 
reduce the 9999-row spread- 
sheet to a faster-calculating 
999 rows. SpellCopy from Jem 
Software can speed up the 
AppleWorks spell checker by 
moving its dictionaries to a RAM 
disk. TimeOut UltraMacros 
from Beagle Bros can save 
considerable time by automating 
routine keyboard input, naviga- 
tion, and more. SuperPatch 7.0 
from Q-Labs offers "hotkey" and 
other patches that eliminate 
routine keystrokes. 

Speeding up AppleWorks' 
operation by one or more of the 
suggested methods outlined 
above promises to increase pro- 
ductivity and make the program 
even more enjoyable; it's espe- 
cially cost effective for small- 
business applications. With the 
proper enhancement, Apple- 



Works has the speed and 
productivity to serve almost 
every home, school, and small- 
business need. 

AW Enhancements: Patcher 
1,5 is freeware created by the 
staff members of Beagle Bros. 
It's a menu-driven program that 
fixes several annoying bugs in 
AppleWorks 3.0. Patcher is com- 
patible with virtually all Apple- 
Works enhancements. What kinds 
of bugs are we talking about? 

• In the AW word processor, 
Control-C, Control-N, Control-P. 
and Control-R make the cursor 
jump to the top of the file. 

• In the word processor, you can't 
clear a tab ruler in a header/ 
footer after you use it. 

• The database manager can't 
print multiple copies of a report. 

• The spreadsheet adjusts 
formulas incorrectly when you 
delete more than 255 rows. 

• Deleting the default printer 
creates problems adding a 
new printer 

• Text-file importing to the 
database manager is flawed. 

• OA-Right Arrow locks up both 
the database manager and the 
spreadsheet, with the cursor 
jumping out of the work area. 

• The AW database manager 
behaves erratically when you use 
the open-apple key in combina- 
tion with the period or greater- 
than sign as a command to go 
to the last category 

• Saving to an existing file you've 



locked doesn't work properly; 
The temporary AWTEMPOOOO 
file isn't removed. 

Patcher 1.5 fixes these bugs 
among others, plus some prob- 
lems with earlier Patcher versions. 
You can get a copy from most 
Apple user-group disk libraries, 
your local club's Beagle Buddy, or 
on line. Patcher is also included in 
the monthly APA disk prepared for 
this column as described below. 

AW Macros: Here's one [see 
box below) that spell-checks an 
entry in the AppleWorks data- 
base manager Invoke the macro 
with Solid apple-V within any 
entry in multiple- or single- 
record layout in a database. 

APA maintains files, templates, 
patches, and information that are 
available to AppleWorks Classic 
users. If you have questions or 
requests, call or write the Pro-APA 
BBS. Templates, macros, and 
detailed documentation for items 
described in this column are avail- 
able on 5.25-inch disk for $4 ship- 
ping. Include the inCider/A + issue 
date with your request. For informa- 
tion contact the AppleWorks Pro- 
grammers Association, 6531 Lexing- 
ton Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90038, 
modem apa@pro-apa.cts.com (213) 
463-9289, or voice (213) 469-9916. 
The AppleWorks Programmers Asso- 
ciation is registered with the Apple 
User Group Connection. 



Setup 

V:<adb : display #off : Status = peek $8520 : if S = 82 goto ba-v : 

endif : Direction = peek $851d : if D ^ 68 rtn up : endif : if D = 82 rtn 

oa-tab : endif : oa-z goto ba-v>! 

From single-record layout (called by SA-V) 

<ba-v>:<all : rtn : up : cell : q = peek $0c54 : oa-Q esc rtn>3<rtn ; 
rtn>xx<rtn : oa-o>lm<rtn>0<rtn>rm;<rtn>0<rtn esc : print "| PRESS 
ESCAPE WHEN SPELLCHECK COMPLETE 1" : rtn rtn : print $0 : 
display #on : oa-V rtn : msg " PRESS ESCAPE WHEN SPELLCHECK 
COMPLETE " : keyto 27 : msgxy 0,0 : msg chr$ 3 : msgxy 4,4 : msg &C& 
: msgxy 0,128 : display #off : oa-q rtn : poke $0c6c,0 : cell : 
esc>4<rtn rtn : oa-Q : print q : rtn : oa-y print $0 : rtn up : if S = 47 
oa-z : endif : oa-q : display #on rtn>! : 



I B • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



We don't recommend plucking your Vulcan off 
a table and dragging it along the ground. 

But it's nice to know you could. 



mi 



October 30, 1990 

Gentlemen: 

I use my Apple HGS with a 
Vulcan and an AEA/D converter at 
professional waterski tourna- 
ments to measure jump distances. 
I wish to commend you on the 
durability of your Vulcan Hard 
Drive. 

I was using the computer at 
the U.S. National Waterski Champi- 
onships in August when a gust of 
wind picked up the canopy under 
which we were operating. Wires 
running to my system were 
attached to the canopy and when 
the canopy blew away, it pulled the 
computer with the Vulcan off the 
tabk and onto the ground, dragging 
it along the ground some twenty 
feet. I was actually in the process of 
writing data to the hard disk at the 
time. 

Even though the incident pulled 
many of the attaching wires out of 
the computer, no damage occurred to 
the computer or the hard drive. I 
subsequently verified all of the data 
on the hard drive and found no errors 
and no bad or damaged blocks in either 
ProDOS or MS-DOS (I use half my 
storage for my PC Transporter's MS-DOS 
files and half for ProDOS) . 

Needless to say, I am very grateful 
for a soundly built and well-engineered 
product. 

Sincerely yours, 

Roger Dilling 
Milledgeville, Georgia 

We hope you never drag your hard 
disk through the dirt, but can appreciate 
the engineering required to make the 
above letter possible. Until recently, if 
you wanted a hard disk for your Apple, 
you had to add an outdated, external box 
to your desktop clutter. Now, with Vulcan" 
on the scene, you have an internal to 
consider. One that's Ughtning fast, clean, 
powerful and affordable. 

A glance at the other computer man- 
ufacturers; IBM, Compaq, Dell, Mac, tells 



you something. They're all very different 
systems, but all come with internal hard 
disks (it's hard to even find a Mac 
these days without an internal hard 
disk). The reason? Internals are the 
latest advance. The modem storage 
solution. They become a transparent 
part of your system, and in the c^e 
of Vulcan, actually enhance the rest 
of your system. 

Enhancing the rest of your 
system. Many feel Apple's standard 
power supply is insufficient. Add a 
Vulcan and you make a significant 
improvement to the rest of your 
system. The high efficiency power 
supply in Vulcan is rated in excess of 
70 watts, nearly double the capacity 
of Apple's standard power supply and 
that of other drives. Vulcan power 
supply components are heatsinked to 
the aluminum case for cool operation 
and long Ufe. And we added an ultra- 
quiet, flush-mounted coohng fan to 
keep things cool inside. Vulcan 
actually beefs up your power supply. 
External hard disks drain it. 

Ease of use. Most hard disks are 
pretty intimidating. It's frustratmg to 
bring home a new hard disk, only to 
discover you've got to spend a lot of time 
setting up for your particular operating 
system, partitions and formatting. Vulcan 
comes pre-formatted, pre-partitioned and 
includes the latest Apple Operating 
System. You'll be using your Vulcan 
within minutes. Just pull out your old 
power supply, plug the Vulcan in it's 
place, insert the card and turn on the 
computer. Vulcan will boot to your 
famiUar Apple Finder in a few seconds. 
Now that's ease of use. 

Incider/A+ Magazine put it simply 

in their "Best of the Best" Hohday 
Shopping Guide: ''The best internal hard 
disk is the Vulcan from Applied Engi- 
neering - you can use it with DOS 3 3 ^ 
ProDOS or GS/OS, and it comes with its 
own fan and power supply". Vulcan 
incorporates the most popular standard 
protocols for a hard disk and includes an 
ultra-fast 1 6-bit data bus controller, not 



the less expensive 8-bit others use. And 
since Vulcan is fuUy compatible with our 
PC Transporter, you can create ProDOS 
or MS-DOS storage space, in addition to 
GS/OS, DOS 3.3, CP/AM or Pascal 1.3- No 




other hard disk works with all these 
operating systems. 

Vulcan gives your Apple IIGS, He, 11+ 
or II upgradeabiUty (20-100 MB), 
useable speed, safe power (its FCC 
certified and works on 1 10/220 VAC, even 
European 115/230 VAC at 50-60 Hz), 
practically unhmited size and AE's famous 
tech support and one-year warranty. 

Order today! To order or for more 
information, see your dealer or call 
(214) 241-6060 today, 9 am to 1 1 pm, 

7 days. Or send check or money order to 
Applied Engineering. MasterCard, VISA 
and C.O.D. welcome. Texas residents add 

8 1/4% sales tax. Shipping not included. 

Vulcan 2a MB $$99 

Vulcan 40 MB $899 

Vulcan 100 MB $1795 



Applied Engineering® 

The enhancement experts. 

A Division of AE Research Corporation. 

(214) 241-6060 

P.O. Box 5100 i^jg^ 
CarroUton.TX 75011 USA 

©1990. AE Research, Inc. All rights reserved. Prices subject to 
change without notice. Brand and product names are registered 
trademarks of Uieir respective holders, 




I^es the game 
represent Darwin^s 
dilemma — as if 
the old naturalist 
himself were the 
driving force 
behind the process 
of evolution? 



Darwin and the Computer 

By PAUL STATT ^ SENIOR EDITOR 



DARWIN'S DILEMMA ($49.95, INLINE 
Design, 5 West Mountain Road, Sharon, CT 
06069, 203-364-0063) is an intelligent game for 
the Apple Macintosh, but its name is inept. The 
game owes nothing to Charles Darwin, author 
of The Origin of Species (1859), and much to Brad 
Wilhemsen, creator of I.O. Silver (1984), an arcade 
classic fom Beagle Bros for the j^ple II (stiU avail- 
able from JEM Softw^are, 7578 Lamar Court, 
Arvada, CO 80003, 303-422-4856, for $20). 

Like all great games — chess, Tetris, and so 
on — Darwin's Dilemma is simple to play, but 
difficult to master. All you do is move icons. You 
decide which icons to merge to create higher 
orders of life — combining w^orms to make fish, 
fish to make reptiles, reptiles into birds, birds 
into mammals, and so on up the evolutionary 
ladder. You push these beings around a rect- 
angular grid on the screen of your Mac. But you 
can't mimic evolution that way. 

In its earlier incarnation — as I.O. Silver — the 
point of Darwin's Dilemma was to combine 
computer chips into memory boards, then 
boards into computers, and finally computers 
into supercomputers. Time was limited, and you 
lost immediately if you ran over. 

The Beagle Bros version of this game was 
more challenging, if less visually appealing, and 
lacked the pseudo-scientific claim to be "loosely 
based on the ideas of evolution." If Darwin's 
Dilemma is based on evolution, so is TV Guide: 
Both TV Guide and evolution presuppose that 
time passes. 

Darwin's Dilemma, the game, offers a neat 
answer to the question: Does life on earth mean 
anything? It's a big question, if you dare to ask 
it. Not many people do. The game gives up its 
solution slowly but surely — if not as slowly as 
life. The goal is to create Man — or Man and 
Woman, in this politically, if not scientifically, 
correct game — who represents the "end" of 
evolution. Real-life evolution, on the other 
hand, hides no agenda. We people, who 
happen to be living today, are not the point. 



The name troubles me: Does this game 
represent Darwin's dilemma — as if the old 
naturalist himself were the driving force behind 
the process of evolution? I guess InLine Design 
couldn't very well have named the game "God's 
Dilemma" — the creationists would have had a fit. 
Natural selection is automatic and nondeliberate. 

Damin's Dilemma has nothing to do with 
natural selection or Darwin's theory of evolu- 
tion. Don't get me wrong: I enjoyed the hours 
I spent playing the game. You should play 
Darwin's Dilemma. If you don't have a Mac, you 
can play I.O. Silver on any Apple II. But I'd 
hate to see a teacher inflict this pseudo Darwin- 
ism on unsuspecting students. 

If you're sincerely interested in natural selec- 
tion, and have a Macintosh (or MS-DOS com- 
puter), spend your money at a bookstore on 
Richard Dawkins' The Blind Watchmaker (WW. 
Norton, New York, $9.95) and its accompany- 
ing software ($10.95 when you buy the book). 
Dawkins' book attempts to show "why the evi- 
dence of evolution r eveals a universe without de- 
sign," so I can't recommend it to readers who 
think RT. Barnum invented dinosaurs. 

But The Blind Watchmaker tries to solve what 
w^as indeed a serious dilemma for Darwin: the 
so-called "argument from design." If all the 
world's living creatures evolved by chance out 
of mud, 19th-century creationists asked, how is 
it possible that every complex creature has 
turned out so well? Could as intricate an organ 
as the human eye have happened by chance? 
Dawkins' book, and especially his software, use 
the powder of the Macintosh to prove that given 
enough time, chance can accomplish miracles. 

Speaking of dilemmas, I'm reminded of the 
paleontologist and writer Stephen Jay Gould's 
response to those who fear the moral vacuum of 
a world without extrinsic purpose: "The ansvv^ers 
to moral dilemmas are not lying out there, waiting 
to be discovered. They reside, like the Kingdom 
of God, within us — the most difficult and inacces- 
sible spot for any discovery or consensus." □ 



20 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



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Conserver (GS) $77 

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Signal Conditioner $77 

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CLINIC 



Applesoft BasicWorks 

Use your word processor to create 
EXECable text £Qes — but watch out 
for those gremlins. 



By CECIL FRETWELL 

Editing BASIC 
WITH AppleWorks 

fHEN I TYPE A PROGRAM INTO 
AppleWorks Classic and save it as 
an ASCII text file, I can't get Apple- 
soft to accept it. All I get are beeps and 
syntax errors. What's wrong? 

Corwyn Y. MiyagisKima 
Higliland Park, NJ 

Corwyn, you re using AppleWorks in a way 
most people, even programmers, don't know 
about You can EXEC the ASCII text files that 
AppleWorks "prints'' to disk ft-om BASIC just 
like regular sequential text files. If you re not 
careful, though, you'll undoubtedly hear a lot 
of beeps and get some syntax errors in the 
process. You may even lose part of your program. 

If you re using AppleWorks Classic, the errors 
are probably caused by the carriage returns that 
the program inserts at the end of every text file 
line it writes. For instance: 

1351 PRINT D$;TR#r: PRINTCHR$(1): 
PRINT D$;"PRm": PRINT D$nN#r 

This may look fine in Applesoft BASIC, but 
when AppleWorks Classic writes this to a text 
file, it'll insert a carriage return somewhere in 
the middle of the last PRINT D$. The result? 



When Applesoft is EXECing the file, it finds 
incomprehensible garbage like NT D$;'1N4^4" 
strewn about and complains — vehemently. 

You can do one of two things. Either edit the 
AppleWorks file to keep the lines from being split 
(in other words, make the lines shorter than the 
width established by your margins, and add line 
numbers as needed), or upgrade to AppleWorks 
3.0. When this version converts a word-process- 
ing file to text, it presents the option of not 
inserting the extra carriage returns. 

Even if you upgrade to AppleWorks 3.0, 
don't forget another Applesoft gotcha: The 
EXEC process likes lines of 235 characters or 
fewer Give it more than 255 characters and 
you'll be serenaded again. 



Convert Word Processing 

I OWN AN I28K APPLE He AND 
have recently purchased a Smith 
Corona word processor (PWP-85LT). 
The Smith Corona outputs data to a 
printer via an RS232 port. 

Is there any way to dump the Smith 
Corona files to my Apple? Common 
sense tells me that because the Smith 
Corona can send output to a printer, I 
should be able to make it "print" to my 
Apple II. 

Peter A. Stinson 
Kingston, PA 



The answer is to make your Apple II think it's 
receiving data from a modem. 

• Connect the Smith Corona's printer cable to 
a serial card on the Apple II. You may need a 
null modem adapter, depending on the pin 
assignments for the connectors. 

• Run a terminal program, such as Beagle 
Bros' Point-tO'Point ($129; 6215 Ferris Square, 
Suite 100, San Diego, CA 92121, 619-452- 
5500), on the Apple II to capture the file as it 
prints. The Smith Corona thinks it's talking to 
a printer; the Apple II thinks it's talking to a 
modem and capturing a text file. 

• Check your printer manual to make sure the 
printer understands XON/XOFF protocol. It 
must understand, this protocol so that the printer 
will wait when the terminal program has to 
write to disk. 

Thanks to Jim Shapiro for his help answering 
this question. 



What's Beta Testing? 

I'VE OFTEN SEEN THE TERM "BETA 
testing." What separates this from other 
kinds of testing? The term "beta" 
implies only the second round of tests, yet 
there seems to be a great deal of excite- 
ment when a product reaches this stage. 

Harold Rothschild 
Leverton, OR 

A ''second round" is a good way to think 
about beta testing, Harold. Once vendors have 
written and checked their software to the best of 
their ability, they send the product to a selected 
number of people for testing. These people may 
be new to the product or they may be existing 
customers using an older release of the soft;ware. 

The idea behind beta testing is that an objec- 
tive observer will often catch errors that the 
developers might miss. An outside person in the 



22 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Shop both sides of the software aisle. 



You've been there, right? You walk into 
your computer store and find exactly the 
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registered trademarks of their respective holders. 



CLINIC 



AppleWorks Clinic 

By Claris Coiporaiion 
and ihe National AppleWorks Users Group 



Mailing Labels 



How can I create mailing labels in 
AppleWorks Classic? 

The best way is to print a labels report 
from a database file: 

1. Press Open-apple P tOA-P) to go to 
tl^e Report Menu. 

2. Select "Create a New Labels Report." 
choose "Fronn Scratch," and name your 
report. You'll see all the categories that 
you created in your database. 

3. Now hide the categories you won't 
need for your labels report. For example, 
if you don't want to print the Invoice 
Number category, select it and type 
OA-D. CDon't press Return.) Keep in mind 
that you're only hiding this category, not 
throwing it away 

4. Tractor-feed labels usually measure 
1 or 1.5 inches from the top of one 
label to the top of the next. Therefore, if 
your printer normally prints six lines to 
the inch, 1-inch labels accommodate six 
lines and 1.5-inch labels accommodate 
nine lines. Move your cursor to the blank 
line below your categories and press 
OA-D or the down-arrow key to 
decrease or increase the number of lines 
that each record will print. If you can't 
decrease the number of lines without 
deleting a category, you must rethink 
your label. 

5. Place your cursor on one of the 
category names, hold down the open- 
apple key and press the right-arrow key: 
The category name will move to the right. 
Use the open-apple key in combination 
with the appropriate arrow key to 
arrange the category names as you want 
them to appear on your label. 

6. Change the paper length CPU to 1 inch 
by typing OA-0 and adjusting the PL to 
1. You'll also want to adjust your 
printer margins in this same screen to 
match the width of your labels. Also, 
make sure that Print Report Header is 
set to NO. 

7. When you have everything adjusted 
properly, save your work and print. 

If AppleWorks keeps asking you to 
press the spacebar after each label, go 
to Change Printer Information from the 
Other Activities menu and set Accepts 
Top-of-Page Commands to NO. 



How Does It Figure? 

I recently upgraded from AppleWorks 
2.0 to 3.0, but have since been unable 
to configure my KXP 1091 Panasonic 
printer. Do you have any suggestions? 

If you 're using Orange Micro's 9-pin 
Grappler card, set AppleWorks printer 
information for an Epson RX. Be sure the 
switches on the Grappler are set to off, 
on, on. on. 

Don't remove the imageWriter printer 
driver that's shipped with AppleWorks. If 
you've done so already, recopy Apple- 
Works 3.0 from your original disk and 
configure your Panasonic as the second 
printer If you have an Apple lie. don't 
forget to set the proper interface-card 
code as listed in your interface-card 
documentation. (AppleWorks 3.0 ships 
with a database file that contains the 
printer-interface codes for the most 
common interfece cards. You can find this 
file under the Advanced subdirectory.] 

Number's Up 

How do I make AppleWorks generate 
page numbers beyond the limitation of 
511 pages? 

1. Issue an OA-K command to find out 
the location in the text that page 51 1 
ends. End of Page 511 will appear below 
the last line of the text for that page. 

2. Create a new word-processing file with 
a different name and move everything 
below the page-51 1 break to the new file. 

3. Create a page header at the beginning 
of the new file. Be sure that this new 
page header is identical to the first one. 
Position a cursor at the location you 
want the page number to appear and 
enter a 5. Then use the OA-0 options to 
insert the command. 

4. From the Options menu tOA-O] issue 
a page-number command and designate 
the first page as page 12. 

Now the first part of your document 
will end on page 511 and the second 
part will print beginning with page 512. 
CThe computer will think it's printing 
pages 12, 13, and so on.) You'll need to 
repeat this procedure for each 100- 
page range. 



What's the Code? 

I have an Apple He and I've changed the 
control code to match my interface 
card. The printout still shows ON at 
the top. What could be the problem? 

Check to see if the characters ]N 
appear in your printer code. If they do, 
try removing them. If that doesn't work, 
try calling the card's manufacturer for 
technical support. 

In general, before any change can take 
effect, you must turn the printer off and 
then on again to clear the previous 
information from the printer's memory. 

Print Irregularity 

Sometimes when I print a document it 
comes out fine; other times the 
second page has a large top margin and 
the print runs over the end of the page. 
The print looks okay, it's just in the 
wrong place on the paper. There doesnt 
seem to be any pattern to the malfunc- 
tion. What's going on? 

When you turn on the printer, it 
assumes that the paper Is positioned 
with the top edge just under the paper 
bail. As long as you leave your printer 
turned on. it remembers this position as 
the top of the page. It may be that 
you've turned the platen by hand while 
the power is on. 

If you want to change the location at 
which the page break occurs, follow 
these steps: 

• Switch off the printer 

• Turn the platen knob to advance the 
paper to the top of the first page. 

• Switch on the printer 

This procedure will register the posi- 
tion as the top of your page and will 
advance your page breaks properly 

AppleWorks Clinic is a forum for answer- 
ing YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT THE POPULAR 
INTFEGRAlllD PACKAGE ApPLEWoRKS — CLASSIC, 

3.0, or GS. Address your correspondence 
TO AppleWorks Clinic, iNCrDEfi/A+, 80 Elm 
Street, Peterborough, NH 03458. 
Mention of third-party products in this 
column does not imply endorsement by 
Claris Corporation. 



24 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



normal course of using the program may press 
the wrong keys or make other mistakes and 
thereby test more thoroughly a program's error- 
handling routines. 

Optimally, beta testing resembles day-to-day 
use of the package. Beta testers also try to look 
at the software from the untutored end user's 
point of view and ask su^h questions as "Is the 
system user friendly?" or "How can we 
improve the documentation?" or "Are there any 
features the developers could add to make the 
software more powerful or easier to use?" 

Beta testing is usttally done on a volunteer 
basis. In return for testing, a beta "site, " as a 
tester is called, will often receive future releases 
of the software free of charge. 

Problems with GET 
IN BASIC 

I' M WRITING A PROGRAM IN 
Applesoft and I need it to check to see 
if the end user has pressed a key — 
while the rest of the program keeps 
running. Then I need the program to find 
out which key the user pressed — even if 
it was a control character or an arrow key. 
I can't use INPUT because I don't want 
the user to have to keep typing RETURN. 
I can't use GET because then the entire 
program stops and waits. 

Jennifer Pike 
San Jose, CA 

Instead of the GET statement, try this: 

110IFPEEK(-16384) < 128THEN110 
120X = PEEK(-16384) 
130POKE-16368,0 

Line 110 places the program in a loop as it 
waits for the end user to press a key. Line 120 
retrieves the decimal ASCII code for the char- 
acter Use PRINT CHR$(X) to see the actual 
character. Line 130 is very important; it clears 
the strobe that indicated a key was pressed. Omit 
it and your program will always think a key is 
pressed when none has been. 

This logic has only one potential headache. 
When you loop through this subroutine, the 
cursor disappears until the end user presses a 
key. (When a cursor vanishes, many people 
become nervous because they think the system 
has crashed,) If you want a cursor, you must 



provide one. A crude but effective way to 
create a cursor is to add 100 PRINT 
CHR$(255);CHR$(8); to the above code. 

This line creates a rectangular inverse 
character — CHR$(253) — on screen, then 
moves the regular cursor back to its original 
location — CHR$(8). Although the cursor 
doesn't flash, it's more user friendly. 

If you want to echo the typed character back 
to the user, add 140 PRINT CHR$(X);, This 
will let your user see what he or she is typing 
and will also overwrite the cursor you produced. 

Mouse Support in BASIC 

1KNOW THAT TEXT MENU- 
driven software isn't always user 
friendly. I really like the way the 
mouse makes using GS/OS much simpler 
to use than ProDOS. I'd Uke to offer that 
same level of simplicity in my programs. 
Can I incorporate mouse support using 
Applesoft BASIC? If so, what commands 
are involved? 

Kenneth Richardson 
Maple Glen, PA 

You're in luck, Ken. Just skip over to 
"While the Cat's Away" in this issue's Hints 
& Techniques section (p. 90) and learn how 
Associate Editor Cameron Crotty captures 
and tames the wild Apple mouse. 

Where's the 
Mini-Assembler? 

1have exploring the apple ilgs 
by Gary B. Little, published by 
Addison-Wesley Publishing Company 
(Reading, MA); on the second page it says 
that the Apple IIgs has a built-in mini- 
assembler. How do I get to the mini- 
assembler? How do I use it? 

Mike Wilson 
Auburn, CA 

The mini-assembler has actually been 
around for years. The original Apple lis had 
it installed in their Integer BASIC ROMs 
(read-only memory). Apple chose not to install 
the mini-assembler in the II Plus and He, but 
it has since included it in the enhanced He 
and the IlGS. 



Activating the mini-assembler is easy. First, 
enter the monitor from BASIC ( CALL -151 ). 
With the monitor prompt active, type an excla- 
mation mark (!) followed by the return key, and 
the prompt changes to the exclamation mark — 
you're now in the mini-assembler. From here, you 
may enter assembly-language statements, such 
as JSR, $F0DC, or LDA #1. Note this is an 
absolute assembler; you must know the exact 
target address for instructions such as JSR, 
LDA, and so on, rather than being able to 
assign a name to an address as you can with a 
full-fledged compiler. The mini-assembler, there- 
fore, isn't meant to replace powerful assemblers, 
such as Byte Works' ORCA/M ($69.95; 4700 
Irving Blvd. NW, Suite 207, Albuquerque, 
NM 87114, 505-898-8183) or Roger 
Wagner's Merlin ($124.95; 1050 Hmeer Way, 
Suite P, El Cajm, CA 92020, 619-442-0522). 

Explaining how to use the mini-assembler is 
beyond the scope of this column^ so PR refer you 
to some books: 

• Roger Wagner's Apple IlGS Machine 
Language for Beginners (chapter 3, p. 39), 
published by Compute! Publications, Inc. 
( Greensboro, NC). 

• Lon Poole's Apple II User's Guide, 
Second Edition (p. 316), published by 
Osbome/McGraw-Hill (Berkeley, CA). 

• Apple Computer's Apple lies Firmware 
Reference (p. 51 ), published by Addison- 
Wesley Publishing Company (Reading, MA). 

Saving Graphics Images 

if you're using a mac lc in 
Apple He mode with the Apple He 
card, can you transfer an Apple He 
screen image to the Mac clipboard — say, 
for importation into a Mac DTP program 
such as PageMaker? 

Phil Shapiro 
Washington, D.C. 

According to Apple Computer's Matt Gulick, 
the "father" of the SCSI card, press Shifi- 
Command-3 to save a PICT image of the 
current screen in He mode, just as you would 
if you were running a Mac program. 

Apple Clinic is a forum for answering your 
questions about apple ii and macintosh 

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE. ADDRESS YOUR CORRE- 
SPONDENCE TO Apple Clinic, inCider/A+, 80 
Elm Street, Peterborough, NH 03458. 



May 1991 • inCidBr/A+ • 25 



Audio Animator unleashes 
the sound potential your 
Iks was bom with. Com- 
plete MIDI interface, soft- 
ware and externa! mixer. 
$219 




Compute at Warp speed with TransWarp GS. 
More than doubles processing speed and it's 
upgradable. $349 





External mixer (included with 
Audio Animator) places precise 
control over sound levels at your 
fingertips. 




PC Transporter lets your lies run IBM's 
MS-DOS. Shop both sides of the software aisles. 
$549 



Our lies Power Supply gives 
your system the extra 
power you so 
desperately need. 
$119 




Vulcan internal hard disk replaces the 
Apple power supply with 70 watts of pure 
power and up to 200 MEGs of storage 
capacity. From $699. 




The Apple IIgs computer. 
Loaded with the potential to be a fast, 
powerful super computer. All it takes is 
a lot of love and a litde help from Applied Engineering. 



Super System IlGS 

For ten years, Applied Engineering has set the i^ple II industry standard for quality and reliability. We do it with top-notch 
tech support, innovative new products and a commitment to design and build the best products possible. To receive your 
free 32-page Applied Engineering product catalog, see your dealer or call (214) 24l-6o60 today, 9 am to 6 pm, Monday 
through Friday. To place an order, send check or money order to Applied Engineering. MasterCard, VISA, and C.O.D. welcome. Te: 
add 8.25% sales tax. Shipping not included. 



mnm P.O. Box 5100 • Carrollton, TX 7S011 • (214) 241-6060 

^ © Copyrighl 1991 ■ AE Roearch. Inc. All righs reserved. PrKes sub^ to clxmge uitbaut notice 




The AE 3.5" Disk Drives are 
completely Apple compatible. 
The AEHD can store 1.44 Mb 
per disk! 800K - $279 
1.44Mb - $339 




Applied Engineering's 5.25 disli drive (top) features a 
new design for virtually flawless performance. 
$169 

MS-DOS compatible 5.25 Drive System (bottom) 
allows MS-DOS programs on 360K disks to 
boot from PC Transporter. From $259 









™™IiiIIif!H 



The GS-RAM Plus memory card grows from 1 to 6 Mb, 
with full compatability. From $189. 





Conserver effectively cools 
your lies while it protects 
against power surges and 
helps organize workspace. 
$99. 




Our modems, both internal and 
external, are upgradable, Hayes 
compatible and now have a 
Send-Fax option. Complete with 
software and free online time. 
From $219. 




The easiest, most complete, 
most popular communications 
software available. It's 
ReadyLink. $99. 




^plied Engineering 

The Apple enhancement experts, 

A Division of P& Research {>)rpora[ion 



DEVIEWS 



INCIDER'S RATINGS 








P 





5 




10 


Unacceptable 


Adequat 




Exceptional 




APPLIED ENGINEERING HD 
vs. SPRITE SD340 

Appued Engineering, P.O. Box 5100, Dallas, TX 75208-9100, 12141 241-6060 

AE HD. $339 

Mi||piiii|iiiii II I I 

5 10 

Sprite, Inc., 1120 Stewart Court, Suite G, Sunnyvale, OA 94086-3918, 14081 773-8888 

SD340, $279 



If you're a Mac owner who's been 
thinking about purchasing Apple's 
external SuperDrive, but who shivers 
at the thought of paying a premium for 
the company's multicolored logo, take 
heart. Two third-party manufacturers have 
come to the rescue with their own versions 
of 1 .4-megaby te, 3.5-inch floppy drives — 
and these products carry significantly 



5 10 

lower price tags. Offering essentially the 
same features as their Apple counterpart, 
the Applied Engineering HD drive has a 
suggested price of $339, while the Sprite 
SD340 lists for $279. 

All Macs since the Tlx come standard 
with at least one SuperDrive, sometimes 
called the FDHD (floppy disk, high density 
— pronounced "fudd-hudd"). Compatible 



with the older 400- and 800-kilobyte Mac 
formats, the SuperDrive stores up to 1.4 
megabytes on special high-density floppies 
and can use the Apple File Exchange utility 
provided with each Mac to read from and 
write to 3.5-inch 800K Apple II ProDOS or 
GS/OS disks, as well as 720K and 1.4- 
megabyte MS-DOS or OS/2 disks created 
by IBM PC compatibles. Remember, we're 
talking about swapping data files, not 
running programs from other computers. 

Although designed primarily as Mac 
alternatives to the SuperDrive, the Applied 
Engineering and Sprite high-density 
drives also work in 800K mode on any 
Apple II that supports 3.5-inch drives 
(currently the Apple IIgs, lie Plus, and lie 
with controller card). Cheaper 800K-only 
drives are available, however (AE's Mac 
and Apple II drives are $289 and $279, 
respectively, and Sprite's SD320 is $249), 
and Apple II owners shouldn't buy more 
than they need. There are two reasons you 
might want to splurge on the high-density 
drive, though. For one thing, it's a good 
buy if you anticipate purchasing a Mac 
eventually. The second reason is that newer 
models of the Applied Engineering HD 
drive come with a special GS/OS driver that 
lets standard lies programs use high-density 
disks with a proprietary 1.6-megabyte 
format. (If you already have AE's BOOK 
drive, the company can upgrade your 
system to an HD drive for $79.) You won't be 
able to swap high-density disks with friends 
unless they too own an Applied Engineering 
drive, but you may find the high-capacity 
format useful when you back up your disks. 

Both third-party drives are based on 
Sony mechanisms, but not the same ones 
found in Apple drives. Applied Engineer- 
ing uses a stock Sony model F17W-5PF, 
whereas Sprite uses the Sony F 17- 10 with 
a custom disk-eject motor. One feature 



28 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Photography by * Frank Cordelle 



Public Domain Software 




GS1 1 7 Star Trek Classic GS: This shareware 
game by Joe Jaworski is a remake of one of 
the earliest computer games ever written. Fire 
your photon torpedoes and laser, do short 
range scans and use your warp drives to 
defeat Klingon and Romulan star ships. It 
requires 1 .5 Megs of RAM and System 5.0.4. 



lIGS Games 

GS1 1 Milestones 2000: This reliefware game by 
Dr. Ken Franklin is great for younger children. 
Based on an old French card game, you have to 
play mileage cards to advance your own auto while 
stalling your opponent with flat tires and accidents. 

GS105 Space Ousters: This game is a clone of 
Gaxalian. Use a joystick to shoot the invaders 
before they can swoop do m and destroy your ship. 

GS1 1 8 Memory Card Game: This disk contains a 
full-color GS version of the classic card game called 
Concentration. It's great for young children. Also 
included are Hearts and Wisconsin Rummy games. 

GS103 & GS104 Cosmocade: On the first disk, 
you must Journey to Calibus in a fast-paced arcade 
style game. Part two is called Naxos. A joystick and 
768K is required. This is a shareware game. 

GS88 PicMIx: This program turns any SHR graphic 
into an on-screen jigsaw puzzle. 

GS1 1 9 Columns Version 2.0: In this game which 
is similar to Tetris, you arrange falling blocks so that 
colors line up. Includes rock music background. 

GS112 Arkanoid II Levels & Cheat: This disk 
contains several new levels and a super cheat 
program for use with Arkanoid II by Taito. 

GS72 Cartus Primus Card Game: This disk con- 
tains card games for cribbage, pinochle, gin rummy, 
hearts, pitch, euchre and sheepshead. 



lIGS Sound & Music 

SL01 MiidiSynthT^M Jukebox: This program is the 
hottest music program available for the IIGS. Full 
orchestral sounds with unbeliable quality. You won't 
believe your ears! 

SL02, SL03 & SL04 MidiSynth Song Disks: 

Three full disks for MidiSynth songs for Jukebox 
program. 

GS94 Modulae: If you liked Nucleus, then you'll 
love this sound and graphic demo program which 
really shows off the IIGS. 

GS63 HyperStudio Sound Effects: A collection of 
sounds in ACER format which are just right for use 
with HyperStudio. 

HyperCard GS Stacks 

All HyperCardStacks require Appie's HyperCard 
GS program and 1.5 i^Jiegabytes of RAM. 

HC01 HyperCard Starter Pale: A sampling of the 
first stacks created for this great program. 

HyperStudio Stacks 

Aii HyperStudio Stacics require Roger Wagner's 
HyperStudio program version 2. 1. 

HS30 thru HS35 Star Trek Stack: A six-disk 
complete encyclopedia of facts about Star Trek; 
The Next Generation TV series. Includes sound 
effects, animations and database of facts. 

HS26 & HS27 Civil War Stack: Learn about the 
causes, the personalites and the history behind the 
U.S. Civil War. Great graphics & sound effects. 

HS20 & HS21 Dinosaur Stack: Learn all about 
dinosaurs with this excellent two-disk stack. For 
each type of dinosaur this stack shows the relative 
size, a map showing the geographic distribution, 
some textual info and three scanned pictures. 



DRAGON 

4ib 



ALLIGATOR BUFFALO mim mil DRAGON 




PORPOiSE RAHLESNAKE SEAL 



GS123 Animal Print Shop GS Graphics: 

An all-new collection of over eighty multicolor 
graphics for use with Print Shop GS. All of 
the graphics are of animals. This disk is 
shipped with a sheet showing all the graphics 
on the disk. Copyright (c) 1991 Big Red 
Computer. Only $3.50. 



Onlf ^3. SO 
^er disk 
Why Fay More? 



All the disks listed in this ad (plus hundreds more) are available from Big Red 
for only $3.50 a piece. Why pay more for public domain and shareware 
disks? And if you order ten or more disks the price drops even lower to only 
$3. 10 per disk. All disks listed in this ad are 3.5" disks and the price includes 
all shipping and handling fees (U.S. addresses only). You do not have to be 
a member to order. We also have a large collection of 5.25" disks for Apple 
He & lie computers. Big Red has been in business for over nine yeai'S and is 
one of the largest distributors of Apple II public domain software in the 
world. We will be happy to provide technical support for any disk we offer. 

To order, write or call today. We'll ship your order 
within 48 hours. We accept MasterCard, Visa, school 
purchase orders, money orders and personal checks 
as payment. Please note: Some of the programs 
listed here are shareware. If you use these programs 
you're asked to make additional payment to the 
program's author. Help Support Shareware! 



wona. we win oe naf 



: COMPUTER CLUB 



423 Norfolk Avenue 
Norfolk, NE 68701 



Free Catalog Available - Call Now! - (402) 379-4680 



IIGS Graphics 

GS07, GS08. GS29, GS35, GS77 & GS78 
Graphics, Fonts and Borders for Print Shop GS. 

Six completely different disks for use with Print Siiop 
GS. Each disk contains at least 72 graphics and all 
but GS35 also contains borders and fonts. A sheet 
showing what is on each graphic is shipped with the 
disk. Each disk is only $3.50. 

GS1 00 Hoiiday Print Shop GS Graphics. Our best 
selling multi-color graphic disk for use with Print 
Shop GS. Contains Santas, Easter bunnies, Val- 
entines and much more. 

GS107 Yet Another Fractai Program: This pro- 
gram alloyvsyou to create Mandelbrot, Julia, Dragon 
or Biomorph fractal graphics. It is very easy to use 
and contains many help screens. You can limit the 
size of the fractal to be generated and the number 
of iterations so that full-color fractals can be gener- 
ated in as little as 1 5 minutes. There are also many 
pre-generated graphics on the disk so you can see 
how they look. 

GS1 22 Fkt Graphics: This program can be used to 
draw graphs of functions of the type f(x). You can 
use sin, cosine, tangent, etc. The computed graphs 
are SHR pictures which can be imported into DTP 
programs like AppieWori<s GS. 

GS48 GIF Graphics: 75 colorful graphics in GIF 
format plus an all-new IIGS graphic utility program 
to view or convert them. 

GS124 Dinosaur Clip Art: Black and white clip art 
(640 mode) of dinosaurs which we have converted 
from the Mac. It's great for use in GS programs such 
as AppieWori<sGS, HyperStudioox HyperCard GS. 

GS59, GS64, GS67, GS73, GS74, GS86, GS87 & 
GS98 Super Hi Res Clip Art: These 8 disks con- 
tain clip art graphics that we either converted from 
the Mac or scanned in on the 1 IGS. They're great for 
use with AppieWori<s (j5or HyperStudio. 

GS40 Fractals & Animations: This disk contains 
1 1 programs that create animated computer graph- 
ics or fractal displays. 

GF02 Display Fonts: A collection of GS-type fonts 
for use with most GS programs and SuperFonts. 
These are medium-sized fonts which work great for 
desktop presentations. 

GS32 FontAsm: This is the best shareware GS- 
font editor available. Plus it comes with several 
new fonts. 



IIGS Utilities 

GS120 Icon Mania: Everything you need to add 
new icons to the IIGS desktop. Two icon editors 
and hundreds of predrawn icons you can use. 

GS121 HoroscopeGS: A desktop program to gen- 
erate birth horoscopes. You enter your date of birth 
and the longitude and latitude of your place of birth. 
A horoscope will be drawn which represents astro- 
nomical information such as the positions of the 
planets at the time of birth. Many people believe that 
a person's character is affected by planet positions 
and such. 

GS47 GS/OS Goodies: Our all-time best selling 
disk. This disk contains over 20 brand new desk 
accessories including D.T. Painter, Screen Saver 
& GS Catalog. 

GS83 Customize GS/OS: Load fonts and desk 
accessories on the fly, plus A2.FX, Instant Icon, 
Finder. Patcher, and RunQ. 

GS99 Twilight Screen Saver: This shareware 
CDev is a completely modular screen saver 
which operates under the Graphic Control Panel. 
This is a must-have program for all IIGS owners. 

GS76 Productivity Disl<: This disk is loaded with 
useful tools including Write-lt!, a desk accessory 
which is a complete word-processing program. 

GS93 IIGS Telecommunications: If you own a 

modem, you need this disk. It contains the GS- 
verison of Shrink-lt plus a host of other telecomm 
programs. 

K301 DB Master 1.0.1 3.5" Version: A complete 
shareware database management system for the 
Apple tie, lie or IIGS. Great for a small business. 
You can create files and forms in just minutes. 

GS62 Desk Accessories: Included on this disk 
are OA's that allow you to format a disk, copy and 
view files, control an ImageWriter printer, preview 
fonts and locate files on your hard disk. Plus a 
Tetris-like NDA game. 




Taito Closeout: We've purchased the re- 
maining inventory of Apple II games from 
Taito and are offering them at special reduced 
prices, This includes Arkanoid II: The Re- 
venge of DOH. In Arkanoid, you use energy 
balls to break down force barriers to advance 
on to more levels. There's even an editor so 
that you can design your own levels. Here's 
your last chance to purchase these great 
Apple II games. 

TA61 Arkanoid II: DOH GS .15.00 

TA60QixGS 5.00 

TA06 Renegade for Apple lle/llc 5.00 

TAOS Qix for Apple lle/llc 5.00 

TA89 GS Super Combo Pak: For only $20, 
we'll send you all three GS titles: Arkanoid I!, 

iUliiiHi^MH 



Circle 151 on Reader Service Card. 



JJEVIEWS 



exclusive to the Apple mechanism is auto- 
matic "inject," which sucks the disk in when 
it's partially inserted. With the Applied 
Engineering and Sprite drives you must 
push disks into the drive manually. 

As far as speed is concerned, all of the 
drives take the same amount of time (1 
minute, 25 seconds) to format a 1.4- 
megabyte high-density disk, but when it 
comes to formatting a double-density disk 
as either 400 or 800 kilobytes, the Apple 
drive is 10 percent slower than the others; 
the third-party drives have faster stepping 
motors moving the read/write heads over 
the surface of the disk. 

In our tests initializing high-quality, 
name-brand disks, the Applied Engineer- 
ing and Sprite drives failed to verify the 
media half the time, but proceeded smoothly 
on subsequent attempts. The Apple drive 
also had trouble initializing disks occasion- 
ally, but the failure rate was far below 50 
percent. High-density disks have less toler- 
ance for error because they utilize weaker 
currents to change the magnetic state of the 
disk coating. Regardless, once formatted, 
none of the disks exhibited any problems in 
real-world daily usage, and according to an 
Applied Engineering representative, "[on 
the AE HD, the disk's] field-failure and 
return rates are extremely low." 

The AE drive has a unique dual-mode 
LED (light-emitting diode) on the front 
that turns red when the drive writes to 
disk, and green when it reads. Neat, but 
not a necessity. The Sprite drive also has 
an access LED, but it doesn't distinguish 
between writing and reading. 

Both drives have eject buttons on their 
front panels, but the Sprite works only if a 
disk fails to mount properly on the Fmder's 
desktop. Furthermore, both drives have a 
small hole on the front into which you can 
insert a straightened paper clip to remove 
a disk manually. The Sprite drive spits disks 
clear of the drive and onto your desk — a 
humorous idiosyncrasy at first, but one that 
soon becomes annoying. Early units from 
Applied Engineering had the same prob- 
lem, but the current model features a 
hinged door that prevents the drive from 
ejecting the disk frilly, keeps out dust, and 
makes the drive somewhat quieter. 

By just looking at Applied Engineering's 
drive you could easily mistake it for a bona- 
fide Apple product — the case consists of 



platinum-colored plastic and has the same 
lines as Apple's drive. The Sprite drive, on 
the other hand, has a more industrial look 
with its unadorned metal case. By the time 
this review appears in print, Sprite plans to 
be shipping its drive in a plastic case, 
which, incidentally, may prevent disks from 
ejecting all the way out of the drive. 

Unlike the Sprite drive, the back of the 
Applied Engineering drive sports a solid 
plastic loop through which you can thread 
an antitheft cable, available fix>m Kensing- 
ton Microware. Although both drives have 
DB-19 connectors on their rears, the Mac 
supports a maximum of one external floppy, 
so you can daisychain additional drives only 
when you attach them to an Apple 11. 

From a purely frinctional standpoint, the 
Apple SuperDrive is a bit more robust and 
reliable than the less expensive AE and 
Sprite high-density floppy drives. Of the 
latter two, I think the Applied Engineering 
HD drive is the better buy, despite the fact 
that it lists for $60 more than the Sprite 
SD340. After all. Applied Engineering is a 
proven company and its drive has many 
extras, such as a proprietary L6-megabyte 
Apple IIgs format, dual-mode LED, oper- 
ational eject button, attractive case design, 
and security anchor The Sprite SD340 is a 
fine drive in its own right, but it just doesn't 
stack up well to the competition. 
Owen W. Linzmayer 
San Francisco, CA 

TIMELINER 

Tom Snyder Productions, 90 Sherman Street, 
Cambridge, MA 02140, 1800) 342-0236 

Customized time-line program; 64K Apple He, 
He, IIgs, includes 3.5-inch and 5.25-inch disks, 
$59.95; 1 -megabyte Macintosh Plus, SE, 
Classic, II, $69.95 

^1 I I I I I I I I I 

5 10 

Apple II 



Q 5 10 

Macintosh 

fhen it's important to be in the right 
place at the right time, Tom 
Snyder's TimeLiner may be just the 
design tool to give you "perspective." This 
application lets you create and print 
proportionally correct time lines for quick 
reference, or prepare a variety of wall 



displays to supplement classroom instruc- 
tion. Teachers will find TimeLiner charts 
helpful to students trying to remember 
historical events, but you can also use the 
product to chart contemporary or future 
chronologies, plan project schedules, and 
sketch comparisons for items such as 
weight, speed, length, or temperature. 

TimeLiner is available for Macintosh 
and Apple II computers, and both appli- 
cations are easy to operate. Each comes 
with a comprehensive guide for teachers 
featuring detailed operating instructions 
and suggestions for on-line activities. 

The program lets you build time lines 
spanning a day, a week, a year, or many 
years. You can even use the Merge flinction 
to combine two time lines into one, making 
it easier to compare them. 

Enter data in any order because Time- 
Liner automatically sorts the entries 
chronologically, then saves time lines to 
disk, prints them, or loads them into 
memory for editing. If you're stuck for 
ideas, boot up the program's accompany- 
ing disks and take a look a* several ready- 




Put life in perspective witli TimeLiner. 



to-use electronic time lines. Print these 
templates as is, or modify them as needed. 

AN APPLE A DAY 

If you have an Apple II, your version of 
TimeLiner comes with 3.5-inch and 5.25- 
inch floppies that include six sample time 
lines, a manual containing a helpful index 
for quick reference, and reproducible 
black-line student worksheets on topics 
such as daily activities, class schedules, 
family history, the Oregon Trail, and the 
Underground Railroad. Use these work- 
sheets to chart chronological data about a 
topic, then launch the application to trans- 
late written data into electronic format. O 



30 • inCider/A+ • May 1891 



CDA Offers You Complete Apple/Mac Solutions 



Since 1980, CDA has 
worked to create 
something unique in 
the field of computer mail 
order. A company that could 
provide customers with the ^ 
support they would expect 
from a local computer dealer, 
along with the convenince 
and economy of direct-order, 
by mail, fax or phone. 
To offer a customer-oriented 
purchasing solution we have 
built a talented staff who are 
knowledgeable in Apple/Mac 
and many vertical markets. 
And, all products purchased 
from CDA are backed by our 
30 Day Money Back Guaran- 
tee as well as a One Year 
Performance Guarantee! 




Apple Computers 

Apple IIGS w/1 Meg $879 

Macintosh Classic w/1 Meg $899 

Macintosh LC 40/2 $1979 

(all include keyboard & mouse) 

Monitors 

Apple IIGS RGB Color Analog .... $465 

Magnavox Color RGB IIGS $299 

Magnavox Color RGB (Mac) $459 

Apple (Mac) 12" RGB $469 

Drives and IVIore 

Apple 3.5 Disk Drive $349 

Applied 3 5" Disk Drive $209 

Apple 5.25 Disk Drive $259 

AE Vulcan HD/20 Mb $519 

AE Vulcan HD/40 Mb $659 

Microtech Europa 

20MB Hard Drive (Mac) $399 

Microtech Classic 50 Mb HD 

w/3 Mb RAM Bundle $579 

PC Transporter 768K $269 

IIGS InstallaUon Kit $39 

He Installation Kit $32 

TransDrive Single 360K $185 

Crossworks by SoftSpoken $69 

AE 3.5" 
Disk Drive 

This drive 
offers all the 
rehability and ^ 
performance 

of Apple's 3.5 drive but ' at a 
more affordable price. The 1.4 Mb 
upgrade allows for future enhance- 
ments & Mac compatibility $209 

3.5" High Density Drive (GS) ... $259 
3-5" High Density Drive (Mac) $229 




Apple IIGS Power System 

• Apple IIGS CPU w/1 Mb RAM 

• AppleColor RGB Monitor 

• Apphed 3 5" Disk Drive 

• 20Mb Vulcan Hard Drive 

• System Dust Cover Set 

• 6 Outlet Surge Protector 

• 10 Diskettes w/Storage Box 

• ImageWriter II w/cable 

• Mouse Pad 

Ask for Package #91 60 
CDA System Price $2,679 

Macintosh LC System 

• Mac LC w/Apple 40Mb HD, 
Apple SuperDrive, 

2 Mbs of RAM, Microphone, 
Keyboard and Mouse 

• Apple 12" Color Monitor 

• Virex Anti-virus Software 

• Adobe Type Manager 

• 6 Outlet Surge Protector 

• Mouse Pad 

• 10 High Density 3.5" Disks 

• Diskette Storage Case 
Ask for Package #9150 
CDA System Price $2,599 

Memory Upgrades 

GS-RAMU - 1 Meg $159 

GS-RAM U - 2 Meg $229 

GS-RAM 11 - 4 Meg $389 

GS-RAM Plus - 1 Meg $219 

GS-RAM Plus - 2 Meg $309 

RamWorks - UI 256K $149 

RamWorks - III 1 Meg $239 

256k 120ns Chipset $23 

Mac Classic Upgrade (1 Mb) ....$119 



Macintosh Classic System 

• Macintosh Classic w/4 Mbs 
& Apple SuperDrive 

• Microtech 50 Mb Hard Drive 

• Virex Anti-virus Software 

• Adobe Type Manager 

• 6 Outlet Surge Protector 

• 10 Diskettes w/Storage Box 

• ImageWriter II w/cable 

• Mouse Pad 

Ask for Package #9103 
CDA System Price $2,069 

ImageWriter II Package 

• ImageWriter U Printer 

• 6 ft Printer Cable 

• Printer Dust Cover 

• Extra Black Ribbon 

• Rainbow Ribbon 

• Package of Paper (500 sheets) 
IIGS/Mac - $475 Package #9171 
lie -$475 Package #9172 

He - $529 Package #9173 
(SMT Envoy interface card included) 

Printers / Scanners 

HP DeskWriter w/Harmony GS $809 

ImageWriter II w/cable $459 

Olympia NP-80 w/cable $389 

Olympia NP-60 w/cable $269 

ThunderScan (Apple U) $159 

Quickie Scanner w/Inwords $279 

Surge Protection 

Kensington System Saver (GS) $65 

Conserver (GS) $75 

6 Outlet Surge Protector $29 

Heavy Duty Power Supply (GS) ... $79 



Sound & Music 

AE Audio Animator $ 1 74 

Apple MIDI Interface 1x1 $79 

Bose Apple Video Roomates $299 

Opcode MIDI Translator 1x3 $49 

Opcode EZ-Vision (Mac) $99 

Passport MasterTracks Pro GS .. $245 
Pyware MusicWriter Ltd GS $89 

Accelerators 

TransWarpGS $269 

Zip Chip He, He (8 Mhz) $145 

Zip 1600 GSX Board $249 

Input Devices 

Mach IV Plus Joystick/Mouse $52 

Mach m Joystick $31 

Kensington Turbo Mouse $108 

Koala Pad Plus Tablet $89 

Kurta 8. 5 X 1 1 Tablet (GS) $319 

Modems 

AEDataUnk 2400 $l69 

DataLink Express w/cable $ 197 

DataLink LC w/9600 SendFax .... $229 
Zoom 2400 w/cable $109 

Free Freight! 

Stock items under 15 lbs. will be shipped 
free to any destination in the continental 
US via UPS Ground (order must be $ 100 
or more). For Hawaii, Alaska, APO/FPO, 
foreign orders, systems and items over 
15 lbs, please call for rates. 

Fax# (908) 832-9740 
Hours: Mon-Fri 8-10, Sat 9-6 EST 
1 CDA Plaza, P.O. Box 533 
Cahfon, New Jersey 07830 

All prices subject to change, CDA isnot an authorized Apple dealer. 
hppk & Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. 
*Some items may be subject to restocking fees. 

__ Ad #16-05 



US/Canada 
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This program will get your data noticed, too: 
Timeliner lets you create large-print, banner- 
sized time lines up to 99 pages long. How*s 
that for a bulletin-board display? 

Even novices will find generating a 
perfect chronological chart easy. First-time 
users, though, must specify information 
about printer setup before constructing a 
time line. Once youVe completed your 
printer configuration and saved your semp 
data to disk, TimeLiner's Main Menu 
appears on screen. You'll see options to 
build, load, meige, or erase your time line, 
change printer setup, or quit to ProDOS. 

Using the program is simply a matter of 
following on-screen prompts. To create a 
new time line, select New from the Main 
Menu and pick a time interv^al, such as a 
day, a week, a year, or many years. A menu 
bar appears at the bottom of the screen 
with options that inchide Add, Delete, Edit, 
Expand, Compress, Save, and Print. 

To enter a new event, seXedAdd; a When 
prompt comes into view, requesting infor- 
mation about the date and time of the event 
If you enter the wrong data, such as typing 
1949 on a. weekly time line, the program 
responds with 1949f. Type 1949 in a one- 
year time line and the program prompts 
you for more information about the month, 
day, and time. It couldn't be easier! 

After completing the date and time, 
TimeLiner asks you to describe the event 
in entries up to 37 characters long. When 
you press Return, TimeLiner enters the 
information in the correct spot on screen. 
Add as many entries as you need. Move 
the cursor to a specific entry and press E 
to edit information. Choose Xpand from 
the menu to increase the distance between 
entries. Selert Cmpress to eliminate unnec- 
essary white space. A number in the lower- 
right-hand corner of the screen tells you 
the length of your printed time line. When 
you're ready to output hardcopy, choose 
Print and TimeLiner generates a printed 
version automatically. 

You can merge two time lines of the 
same time interval, or modify time lines 
you save to disk by loading them into 
memory. Although TimeLiner for the 
Apple II doesn't offer much in the way of 
bells and whistles (you can't print single- 
page time lines, for example, or change 
fonts, type sizes, and type styles), the appli- 
cation generates proportionally correct 



time lines without requiring you to read 
the accompanying manual. 

CHARTING COMPARISONS 
THE MACINTOSH WAY 

Mac TimeLiner is a much more power- 
fill application compared to its Apple II 
cousin. In addition to daily, weekly, annual, 
and multiyear time lines, the Macintosh 
edition lets you work with time lines that 
are as long as ten billion years. This 
option is especially useful if your class or 
child is learning about geology, evolution, 
or dinosaurs. 

You can also spruce up a Macintosh time 
line with one or more bit-mapped graphics 
images imported from the Scrapbook. All 
you need do is position the artwork in the 
Preview Window by holding down the 
command key and dragging the graphics 
image to a desired location. 

You can even generate three different 
time lines in a variety of fonts, type sizes, 
and type styles. If you want to grab atten- 
tion with your chart's size, though, use the 
Banner option to print multipage time 
lines that are perfect for wall or bulletin- 
board displays. (Be sure to select the side- 
ways orientation from the Bige Setup dialog 
when you print, though.) 

To generate single-page time lines, 
choose Span from the Print menu. If you 
prefer to print a time-line outline (with 
events in chronological order but without 
dates), choose List from the Print menu 
and you're on your way. 

Mac TimeLiner isn't as easy to use as its 
Apple II counterpart, but if you work 
through the manual's tutorial, you'll be up 
and running with a minimum of effort. 
Unfortunately, the manual for the Mac 
edition lacks an index, so locating 
information on a particular program 
feature can be tedious. In addition, this 
manual doesn't include reproducible 
student worksheets, but it does contain 
several detailed suggestions for using the 
program in different curriculum areas. 

Despite its documentation deficiencies, 
Mac TimeLiner lets you take advantage of 
the machine's desktop-publishing and 
graphics capabilities, and produce a 
number of time-line types and styles. If you 
have access to both a Mac and an Apple II, 
use the II version with young children so they 
can generate their own time lines. Older 



children (grades 5 and up) and adults will 
prefer the added power and flexibility of 
the Macintosh application. 
Carol S. Holzberg, Ph.D. 
Shutesbury. MA 

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Although you can't change the fact that 
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Backing up a hard disk consists of writ- 
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medium. The most common media for 
hard-drive backups are floppy disks and 
tape drives. 

If your hard disk's capacity is less than 
60 megabytes, you can use floppies as your 
backup. (For a 60-megabyte drive you'll 
need roughly 75 800K floppies.) For drives 
over 60 megabytes that you back up regu- 
larly, a tape drive becomes a necessity. 

You back up a hard disk by writing 
consecutive blocks, not files, to a series of 
floppies. This procedure lets the backup 
program fill each floppy completely, so 
that you can avoid the problems caused by 
odd file lengths and complex directory 
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Continued on p. B4 



32 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



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HYPERCLASS 



INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA 




Computers that talk and sing. Computers 
that flash maps and detailed databases on 
screen for kids to pore over the way Colum- 
bus pored over his charts. Computers that 
show kids how to learn on their own, then 
how to teach others. And computers that 
make it easy to talk to other computers. 

One piece of software lets your computer do all this. 
HyperCard, Apple's multimedia construcUon set, lets 
teachers and students produce dazzling reports, 
in-depth research projects, full-fledged curricula, 
interactive audiovisual extravaganzas, 
and more* 






It may sound like science fiction, but classrooms have 
been using HyperCard for years to crank out some 
impressive, sophisticated courseware on the Macintosh. 
Now, with the recent introduction of HyperCard lies, 
the same potential is available to OS users. 

Hypermedia may not be new to the OS (see the 
accompanying sidebar, "Been There — Done That"), 
but HyperCaixl IlGS is. The distinction is important, if 
not crucial. Although the Mac and OS versions of 
HyperCard differ in several areas, the programs are 
more alike than different, With a special stack called 
HyperMover, you can even translate Macintosh stacks 
into OS format. It's not a snap, but it does open the 
door to stack sharing between the two systems. 

HyperCard in the classroom, as you'll see, takes any 
number of paths. Sometimes it's away for 12-year- 
olds to discover an unknown part of the world. 
Other times it educates high -schoolers about the 
fragile ecology of the rainforest — or grabs and 
keeps a fourth-grader's attention with fasciiiai- 
ing details of local cultures and folk art. 
Cleverly disguised as a programming 
language, a veiy visual one ai ilial, Hyper- 
V/did is easiest to imagine as a set of 
building blocks with wiiich vou 
construct your program — 






34 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



REVOLUTIONIZES EDUCATION 



a script in HyperCard parlance. Part 
data manager and information 
organizer, part programming lan- 
guage, part paint program, Hyper- 
Card hands you diose blocks, called 
cards, buttons, backgrounds, Sind fields. 
You drag them together, putting 
buttons and fields on a background 
to build a card, then assemble 
collections of cards into stacks. And 
youVejust written a script. This 
program tells the Macintosh or GS 
what graphics image to display, 
what sound to play, and what input 
— whether text or mouse clicks — 
to accept. (For more information 
and a detailed look at HyperCard 
IIgs and its object-oriented pro- 
gramming abilities, see "Tlie Apple 
II Culture Reborn," February 1991, p. 37.) 

HyperCard 2.0 is the newest version for the Mac. 
^Like all versions, 2.0 requires a "substandal" Mac to 
run smoothly. A Classic will do, but an LC 



Remember when 



"stacks" referred to 
wood? "Buttons" 
held your shirt 
together? And 
"cards" were 
something you bet 
on? Well, forget it — 
those words belong 
to HyperCard now. 



with its faster microprocessor 
speeds up HyperCard's card flip- 
ping, especially if you're running 
animated stacks. Most important, 
though, is a hard-disk drive. You 
can get by without one, but the 
ensuing disk shuffling stretches 
your endurance. HyperCard itself 
takes up nearly three megabytes of 
hard-disk space, and stacks can eat 
up even more room (some com- 
mercial stacks run as large as 5 
megabytes), so consider at least a 
40-megabyte hard-disk drive. Of 
course, you can also install Hyper- 
Card on an AppleTalk/AppleShare 
network — probably the best way to 
share expensive speed and hard- 
disk resources. 
HyperCard for the Mac has some definite advan- 
tages over the GS edition. The most important is the 
Mac version's longtime presence on thousands of 
hard-disk drives. Hundreds of public- 



By GREGG KEIZER 





' 'niustrations * Kerry Gavin 



May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 35 



HYPERCLASS 




IrsQ 

Iratj's cepltBl \s Soghdad and the 
orrtcial language is Arabic. The 
official name of Iraq is "Al- 
Jumhurlija Al-lraqlya'- The form of I 
government ts a Republic and the 
tiesd of state is Ihe president. Iraq | 
covers an area Of 167.925 sq. m<. 



Baghdad 
Baghdad, the 
capital of Iraq, has 
a populotlon of 
2,969,000 end is 
of the largest 



At Meigs Middle Magnet School, HyperCard is 
used both to teach HyperTalk programming and 
to produce social-studies research projects, 
such as this stack on the Middle East. 



Costa Rica's Lost Forests 





Lastly you will encounter s very 
large, old buck. Go very close to 
and kill it, and ever afterward you 
■will be able to kill many deer. 



domain and shareware stacks exist for Macintosh 
HyperCard, while only a handful are available for 
HyperCard IlGS. Teachers 
^ideasti ^M= ^=^=^ and students have put 
^ time into HyperCard on 

the Mac, and in some 
cases have several years* 
experience working with 
the program. The result is 
a group of sophisticated 
classroom HyperCard 
users and programmers. 

But HyperCard 2.0 
doesn't have it all. Even 2.0 
doesn't ofifer color, a nag- 
ging omission for anyone 
who's spent the money for 
an LC or a Ilsi. And net- 
work use is still limited 
to one person per stack, 
imless you're only viewing 
it, in which case several 
people can browse through 
it simultaneously. 

LIVING COLOR 

HyperCard Ugs demands 
even more fix)m the com- 
puter's basic hardware. 
You'll need a GS widi at least 
1.5 megabytes of RAM, 
preferably a full 2 mega- 
bytes (although you can run 
HyperCard and some small 
stacks with only 1.25 mega- 
bytes). If you're not using 
HyperCard IIgs on a net- 
work, you'll also need a 
hard-disk drive And because 
HyperCard IIgs and most 
stacks put a strain on the 
computer's modest process- 
ing power, you'll get much 
better results if you accelerate 
it with something like Trans- 
W^GSorZipGS. 

Color comes to Apple- 
brand classroom hyper- 
media with HyperCard 
IIgs. The program's other strengths are its association 
with its Macintosh cousin and its ability to bring script- 
ing (something not found in Roger Wagner's Hyper- 
Studio, for all its graces) to the GS. You can also use 
the well-stocked Mac HyperCard library with the GS 
version of the program once you've translated your 



Produced by a teacher and student at 
Forest Hills CHS, this stack makes 
extensive use of scanned images. Here, 
"before" and "after" maps illustrate the 
extensive deforestation that's taken place 
in Costa Rica over the last 40 years. 




At Abita Springs Elementary, HyperCard is 
used to collect folk tales, traditions, and 
customs of the many cultures in Louisiana. 
HyperCard's paint tools make it easy for 
children to draw pictures and integrate 
them into stacks. 



applications with HyperMover, the translation stack 
Apple plans to make available to developers and user 
groups (but not, alas, to end users or educators). 

The biggest drawback to HyperCard lies is Apple's 
selfish attitude toward Mac stacks. Ideally, you'd be able 
to save a stack created on a Macintosh to an ^pleShare 
file server, then call it fix>m a GS and run it as is. Without 
the ability to share Mac stacks this way, HyperCard IIgs 
is stack-poor, at least for the moment. And though the 
GS excels at sound and music, HyperCard IIgs' sound 
abilities are no stronger than the Mac version's. Apple 
has stated that it wanted to maintain compatibility 
between the two versions, and so decided against 
powerful GS sound functions, a strange case to make 
when stacks now move only in the Mac-to-GS direction. 

Together, HyperCard for the Mac and HyperCard 
EEgs bring hypermedia abilities to most classrooms and 
schools with Apple hardware. The Apple He and lie 
families are left outside the hyperclass (Techware's 
Tutor-Tech and Scholastic's HyperScreen, both 8-bit 
programs, can help fill that gap), but the two most 
powerful desktop computers in Apple's educational 
inventory are covered. A limited compatibility exists 
between HyperCard and HyperCard IlGS, but it's far 
from perfect. (See the accompanying sidebar, "Move 
That Stack!") Still, HyperCard IIgs and HyperCard for 
the Mac can accomplish the same tasks. Both can turn 
the modern classroom into a learning laboratory 
where the real limits are kids' imaginations and 
teachers' enthusiasm. 

HYPERCLASS IN ACTION 

Some schools have invested stunning amounts of 
time, energy, and resources in HyperCard. They've 
gone to great lengths to teach their students to use the 
Macintosh and HyperCard, to build stacks of their 
own, and, in some cases, to program with HyperTalk, 
HyperCard's object-oriented language. 

Schools invest in HyperCard because it pays oflF. Its 
flexibility means that different schools can use Hyper- 
Card for different reasons. One school may want to 
create a friendly software interface to insulate students 
from an awkward telecommunications procedure. 
Another may want to replace textbooks with multi- 
media curriculum materials. 

By virtue of its time in the classroom, Mac Hyper- 
Card is education's most proven hypermedia tool. 
Existing hypermedia applications — hundreds of them 
— run on the Mac. But because HyperCard IIgs is so 
much like the Mac version — from its scripting 
language to the way graphics, text, and sound are 
integrated into stacks — you can ejqpect that many of the 
same applications will come to the GS. If you can do 
something with HypeiCard on the Macintosh, you should 
be able to do it with HyperCard IIgs on the GS, too. 



36 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



To give you an idea of the kinds of things you can do 
with HyperCard IlGS, take a look at what these four 
schools are doing with HyperCard on the Macintosh, 
Take notes. There won't be a quiz — but you can 
apply these lessons to your own forays into HyperCard 
IlGS and HyperCard for the Mac. 

HYPERECOLOGY 

In one Grand Rapids, Michigan, school, HyperCard 
is an integral part of how teachers teach. At Forest HiUs 
Central High, technology, hypermedia, and multi- 
media combine to replace traditional textbooks in 
social studies and, to a lesser degree, in science, math, 
and language arts. HyperCard is a vital part of Forest 
Hills* move to 21st-century teaching tools. 

Implementing HyperCard in nearly every subject 
area in the school, teachers and students use the 
software to produce projects in everything from U.S. 
history to biology. Even more impressive, teachers and 
student/teacher teams have created in-depth stacks on 
topics ranging from the world*s rainforests to Chinese 
culture; they've even authored videodiscs. 

Steve Williams, the school's coordinator of tech- 
nology, cites examples. "All seniors take world studies," 
he explains. "They're required to do a multimedia 
project. Many of them are opting to use HyperCard; 
they're able to get it done faster with HyperCard than 
any other way." 

Some of the stacks these high-school students build 
are striking. One that steps through the U-2 shoot- 
down of 1960 offers digitized speech, scanned photo- 
graphs, and a detailed account of the international 
incident. Another uses music of the decade to back up 
a blow-by-blow outline of the 1968 Democratic 
Convention, complete with factual tidbits ("What was 
the most-watched TV show of the year?"), photos from 
the period, and even some poHtical analysis. 

But it's the rainforest and China stacks that 
demonstrate HyperCard's power and ease of use. 
Marcie Beck, a social-studies teacher at Forest Hills, 
authored the rainforest stack (in conjunction with 
Dan Ledrick, a student) within a month of first turn- 
ing on the Mac. Within six months she was creating 
her first HyperCard stack/videodisc combo, using 
slides she took while in China on a scholarship — 
proof positive of HyperCard's gentle learning curve. 

"We're looking at those same kinds of projects in the 
middle schools," where GSes dominate, says Williams. 
"Our ultimate vision is to have teachers and students 
redesign their curricula every year." 

DOWN ON THE BAYOU 

Fifty miles north of New Orleans, at Abita Springs 
Elementary School in St. Tammany P^sh, young chil- 
dren are using HyperCard to compile an electronic 



Move That Stack! 

Translating a HyperCard stack from its original Mac 
format to something HyperCard liGS can use is a magic 
trick worthy of Penn & ^ller — and about as complicated. 

HyperMover. a two-stack combo, Is Apple's stack- 
translation workhorse. You won't find HyperMover 
included with HyperCard lies — it's to go to devel- 
opers and user groups only — but it's too valuable 
a resource to keep under wraps for long. 

Here's how HyperMover works: From the Mac, you 
run HyperMover. then select the stack to disassemble. 
A slew of options let you export graphics, back- 
grounds Cas either gray-scale images or line art), 
icons, and sounds selectively HyperMover then pulls 
apart the stack, saving its script as a text file and 
the graphics and icons in separate files. 

The best way to move these files to a GS is via an 
AppleTalk network, where you simply save the files to 
the server, then retrieve them from a GS workstation. 
The second-best solution is to compress the files, then 
send this smaller archived file to the GS via an on-line 
service. At the GS end, you run HyperMover to rebuild 
the stack. Again, you can choose to import graphics, 
backgrounds, sounds, and icons selectively, as well as 
watch the stack as it's converted. Stack to stack, 
from Mac to GS. not only takes several steps, but 
takes time as well. A moderate-sized stack can take 
hours to translate and transfer 

In one test, I used a Mac LC and an unaccelerated 
GS to convert a small C13K3 HyperCard 1,2.5 stack 
with 30 cards. The LC took 1 8 minutes to dismantle 
the stack. Another I B minutes were eaten up In 
using America Online to up- and download a com- 
pressed file C37K) from the Mac to the GS. The GS 
spent another 19 minutes re-creating the stack. 
Even then, it was far from perfect. Some icons didn't 
transfer, the cards' opaque graphics images hid the 
background, and I never got the sound to work. 
Expect to put in some cleanup time whenever you 
move a stack. HyperTalk scripting expertise is manda- 
tory in ail but the simplest cases. 

HyperMover is only a partial solution to the con- 
nectivity problem. What's needed is a transparent 
translation, something similar to Claris' XTND tech- 
nology that works so well in saving and retrieving 
word-processing files. (See "Swap 'Til You Drop," 
Bridging the Gap, March 1991. p. 100, 
for more information.] Until then, 
GS owners will be strapped 
for stacks. 

— CK. 




HYPERCLASS 



folk encyclopedia that highlights the many diverse 
cultures that cross and intermingle in Louisiana. 
"HyperCard's a great way to see how connections are 
made," says Kathleen Duplantier, the Abita Springs 
teacher who guides her small charges through multi- 
media stack creation on 



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Apple's release of HyperCard lies shows 
there are still signs of Apple II life within 
the company. While it demands a rather 
elite hardware configuration, HyperCard 
lies is a programming coup. 




a 



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the Macintosh. 

Each month, the chil- 
dren at the Abita Springs 
school study, another 
culture from their local 
area in Louisiana. 

For instance, last Octo- 
ber they spent time with a 
Choctaw artist in resi- 
dence, who showed them 
how his people had once 
built dwellings from pal- 
metto leaves and wood. 

Not only did the chil- 
dren actually re-create a 
Native American dwelling 
on school grounds, but 
they took notes and 
photos as well, then incor- 
porated those images and 
impressions into a 20-card 
HyperCard stack. 

"Within what I call the 
mega-stack, there's infor- 
mation about cooking, 
hunting, basket weaving, 
and animated folk tales," 
explains Duplantier. "By 
next year we'll have enough 
stacks to set up a computer 
in the library for the kids to 
view the stacks." 
Fourth-graders at Abita 
Springs have built Macintosh HyperCard stacks on 
alligators; kindergartners' artwork and writing has 
found its way into a King Cake stack (a traditional cake 
baked during Mardi Gras); and Duplantier is planning 
to introduce HyperCard's database capabilities to her 
school through a gumbo stack. "There are as many 
different ways to make gumbo as there are towns in 
Louisiana,'* she says. 

Duplantier is evaluadng HyperCard IIgs; students 
already use the OS to do much of the writing diat ends 
up in their Mac stacks. She notes that only the teachers 
with Macs in their classrooms have built stacks on their 
own. Getting HyperCard on the IlGS, the machine most 
common in Abita Springs' classrooms, may be just 
what's needed to convince other educators of the 
computer's power. "HyperCard is a wonderful tool," 




HyperMover is the bridge on which Mac 
HyperCard stacks cross over to your 
Apple IIgs. It's a difficult bridge to 
navigate — but you won't have to worry 
about it, as the software is available only 
to developers and user groups. 



Duplantier adds. "If you put it in the classroom, 
they're going to use it." 

OBJECT LESSONS 

HyperCard is a programming language at heart, so 
it's no surprise that many schools teach the intricacies 
of HyperTalk, HyperCard's language. Object-oriented 
HyperTalk differs dramatically from more traditional 
languages such as BASIC, Logo, and Pascal. 

Says Mike Smith, computer coordinator at Nash- 
ville's Meigs Middle Magnet School, "So much of it 
[programming] is done for them in HyperCard. They 
don't get bogged down in the mundane details. 
[HyperTalk's object-oriented approach] frees kids to 
turn up their creative juices." 

Smith teaches a 12-week HyperCard programming 
course at Meigs, a school wired with enough Macintosh, 
^ple IIgs, and AppleTalk hardware to make a midsized 
business envious. Each of the school's 125 seventh- 
graders takes the class, which integrates HyperCard 
programming techniques with a social-studies research 
project. This year's sporiighted the Middle East. 

"The first six weeks I show them how to program in 
HyperCard," says Smith. "They start with the funda- 
mentals: buttons, linking buttons, grabbing icons, aieating 
fields. Then diey go through the process of some simple 
scripting: fades, venetian-blind effects, that sort of thing. 
I try to do things that create excitement in the kids." 

During the second half of the course, the 12-year- 
olds produce a stack based on their out-of-class 
research. Digitized photos, hand-drawn maps, and 
pop-up text fields are mandatory, as are animation and 
sound. The results range from crude to creative. One 
boy's stack displays the American flag and plays The 
Star Spangled Banner when you click on the Saudi/Iraqi 
border. Another stack tosses out facts on rivers, cities, 
and counties with an almost-expert air. "One girl was 
actually capturing information from CompuServe each 
night as she did her research," says Smith, then inte- 
grating it into her stack aieation the next day at school. 

"I'm not turning out programmers," admits Smith. 
"Far from it. But the kids get very, very excited about 
HyperCard. They really enjoy it. In fact, it's sort of a 
letdown for them when we move to Pascal." 

THE FRONT 

Atjenks High School near Tulsa, Oklahoma, 
students can hit the books courtesy of HyperCard. 
That's because the school library features networked 
computers offering links to the card catalogs of both 
the Tulsa city library and the University of Tulsa 
library. HyperCard helps the kids get on line. 

"We take advantage of a dial-up capability at the 
public and university libraries," says Linda Gann, 
Jenks' own library director. "We've made a HyperCard 



38 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



front end so that when they turn on the machine, it 
takes them to a screen that highlights their options." 
One cluster of options relates to the card catalogs. 
"Click the right button and the computer logs you 
onto the card catalog." Once in the card catalog, 
though, the student must use its commands. "The 
libraries don't use HyperCard," Gann notes wistfully. 

HyperCard also fronts as a program laimcher, letting 
kids get right to work, without forcing them to learn 
the Macintosh's Finder and folder structure. "They 
click on a button in HyperCard to use Microsoft 
Works, to use SuperPaint, that sort of thing," says 
Gann. "HyperCard makes it very easy for any student 
to start up any application. The button approach, with 
groupings of similar functions, lets them easily see 
what they want to run. And it lets kids who aren't 
computer literate operate the machines without much 
help from the library staff." 

Gann would like to integrate her GSes into the 
system with HyperCard IIgs. "Kids who come from the 
middle school use the GS the first year they're here. 
They're just more used to them," she explains. "Maybe 
we could set up the same HyperCard front end on the 
GSes with HyperCard." 

LESSONS TO LEARN 

HyperCard IlGS may be brand new, but its Hyper- 
Card ancestry and the GS' prevalence in the classroom 
make it instantly appealing to educators. The lessons 
learned, and the lessons created, with HyperCard 
translate to HyperCard IlGS intact, or nearly so. With 
minor exceptions, any of the HyperCard applications 
at Abita Springs Elementary, Meigs Middle School, 
and Forest Hills and Jenks High Schools can be dupli- 
cated on the GS. The teachers involved with Hyper- 
Card now, and who include Apple IIgs computers in 
their inventories, think it's inevitable. 

HyperCard IlGS isn't perfect. On an unaccelerated 
GS it's slow. HyperMover isn't the ideal way to tranport 
stacks from the Mac to the GS. And there's currently 
no way to share GS stacks with the Macintosh. But 
HyperCard IlGS extends the reach of hypermedia into 
more classrooms, and gives more students the tools 
they need to create excidng presentations and to start 
programming. For that reason alone it's a significant 
product. It's one piece of software that should be avail- 
able to every GS user in every school, □ 



Gregg Keizer was the founder and editor of COMPUTEl's 
Apple Applications, a bimonthly publication, and 
IS currently the author of Bridging the Gap, inCider/AVs 
COLUMN ON Mac/Apple II connectivity. Write to him 
at 614 Linden Street, Shreveport, LA 71104. Please 
enclose a self-addressed, stamped envelope if you'd like 
a personal reply. 



Been There — Done That 

HyperStudio beat HyperCard to the Apple IIgs by 
more than two years, so it's no surprise that 
HyperStudio stacks far outnumber those for Hyper- 
Card IIgs. [For details, see "Hypertext for >fbur GS," 
Editors' Choice, August 1989, p. 108; "Does 
HyperStudio Stack Up?" September 1989. p. 44; 
"Exploring HyperStudio," March 1990. p. 56; 
"Exploring Hypermedia," November 1990, p. 36; 
and "Shareware Solutions." What's New, February 
1991, p. 20.3 

HyperStudio makes less-expensive demands on 
your hardware budget — It runs on a 512K Apple 
liGs equipped with only a 3.5-inch disk drive. A hard 
drive isn't required. Other HyperStudio advantages 
let you easily Import sound Into stacks (the bundled 
microphone helps) and share stacks with GS users 
who don't have a copy of HyperStudio themselves. 

But HyperStudio 
doesn't build stacks 
with a language, as 
HyperTalk does for 
HyperCard IIgs. It 
relies completely on 
the construction- 
set metaphor: You 
build Studio stacks by 
pointing and clicking, 
assembling objects, 
and typing in text — 
no scripting involved. 

Depending on your 
purpose, Studio is 
either more than 
enough or sorely 
lacking. "I'd actually 
like to have both 
[HyperStudio and 
HyperCard IIgsI," 
says Mike Smith 
of Meigs Middle 
Magnet School. 
"Each program has 
its strengths. For 

teachers producing reports and presentations, 
HyperStudio is wonderful." HyperCard IIgs may have 
the Apple name, and blessing, but unless Mac 
stacks get easier to use, it presents no immediate 
danger to HyperStudio's livelihood. — G.K. 




Roger Wagner's 
HyperStudio has 
momentuin, quality, and 
ease of use going for it. 
It also benefits from a 
generous pool of shareware 
and public-domain stacks. 
The stack above covers 
the Space Shuttle and 
space exploration. 




May 1991 • inClder/A+ • 39 



HYPERSTACKS 

DONE DIRT CHEAP 



HYPERSTUDIO/APPLE IIgs 

BEAM ME UP, JEAN-LUC 

Is there anyone with a personal computer at home 
who hasn*t loved at least a few Star Trek episodes on TV? 
Those who follow the exploits of the U.S.S. Enterprise 
and her crew in the show's latest incarnation, Star Thek: 
The Next Generation, have a special treat in store for 
them when they discover Scott Evert's special stack. 

Evert arranged to offer 
the information contained 
in Jim Lyon*s materials for 
the Enterprise America 
club in this new format. 

This special GS Hyper- 
Studio version includes, 
among other useful items, 
descriptions of each TV 
episode, an encyclopedia 
of terms and names, and 
a guide to the allies and 
enemies of the Star Trek 
universe — not only great 
reference material for 
fans, but an interesting 
and exciting way to check 
out HyperStudio's Hgs 
text windows and the 
various graphics effects 
that make text in this 
terrific stack simple to find 
and easy to understand. 
Additions are planned for future versions, including 
demonstration sounds and complete biographies of all 
the numerous Star Trek characters. 

NOT JUST MICKEY MOUSE 

Fans of Mickey Mouse and his animated pals and 
anyone who's been enchanted by one of W^lt Disney's 
Magic Kingdom theme parks should enjoy the Once 
Upon a Time stack from the Mouse Ears BBS group. 
It's a history of Disney, it's a guide to Disneyana, it's a 
Disney trivia storehouse. 



The hypermedia revolution 
puts the power 
of programming 

into the hands 
of Apple users at 
all levels of experience. 
Explore an exciting 

new dimension 
in teaching, learning, 
and entertainment. 



By NEIL SHAPIRO 



The history of Disneyland is introduced by Wklt Disney's 
own digitized voice; the accompanying graphics illus- 
tration is divided into four timelines you can explore 
individually. The Who's Who in Disneyland section 
features great background music (including the original 
tunes from old Mickey Mouse cartoons) and lets you 
choose to read "biographies" of many of the various 
Disney characters — from widely known folks like 
Mickey and Donald to lesser lights such as Ibulfellow (fiom 
Mnocchio) and Perla (the seamstress mouse in Cinderella). 

The only features lacking in this stack are actual 
images of the cartoon characters. Because Disney's licens- 
ing department is world-famous for protecting those 
images, though, we'll just have to rely on fond memories. 

MANIFEST DESTINY 

When it's well designed, computer-assisted instruction 
can present factual information in new ways that make 
learning fun. Mike O'Donnell's Expansion of the United 
States of America stack is a prime example. 

Mike has used a series of colorful maps that detail 
how the various states were admitted to the Union, 
and how the USA grew into the major power it is 
today. HyperStudio layers the maps so that you can 
view this representation of our country's growth as an 
animated sequence. Each map has an accompanying 
text window as well, explaining the material shown and 
associated historical events. The concept of "Manifest 
Destiny" has never been so well presented. 

If memorizing names, dates, and places bored you in 
high school, this stack will give you a new perspective 
— and show you why history can be a living, exciting 
area of study — both in school and at home. 

HECK, THIS ONE'S PRETTY GOOD, TOO! 

Clive Barker is a world-renowned author of horror 
fiction — second only to Stephen King in bookstore 
popularity these days. If Barker's world of libidinous 
monsters and psychologically twisted "heroes" can 
keep even the most stalwart fan awake nights, imagine 
what fully illustrated versions of his works can do to 
you! That's what Epic Comics did, and the result is 



40 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Clive Barker's Hellraiser horror anthology in graphics- 
novel format. To publicize it, the company created a Hyper- 
Studio stack like no other. 

The Hellraiser stack uses professional artists such as Ted 
McKeever, whose graphics talent meshes nicely with Barker's 
literary vision, to explain the concept behind the anthology. 
It's one of the best examples of using HyperStudio to pub- 
licize an offering in another medium (in this case, print). 
Many of the graphics format's most haunting and wrench- 
ing imagery is captured and presented here. When you 
explore this stack, you'll want to leave the room lights on! 

BLAST OFF! 

Jim Hirsch's HyperShuttle stack examines the mission of 
Space Shuttle Atlantis STS-34, which launched the Galileo 
unmanned spacecraft to Jupiter. Beautiful, artistic renditions 
of the planets and outer space combine with lucid 
explanations of the mission and its goals. The Galileo space- 
probe mission and its associated experiments are 
examined in critical depth. For anyone interested in space 
exploration, this stack is a magic-carpet ride. You don't have 
to be an astronomer or a physicist — thanks to HyperStu- 
dio, the information is presented in a structured framework. 

CRYSTAL CLEAR 

Dave Trapp's Crystal Lattice stack uses 
HyperStudio to explain brilliandy one of 
the most diflBcult concepts of molecular 
physics — how crystals are formed by 
stacking molecules in layers. For 
years teachers and students have 
fumbled with awkward models 
and ill-designed textbook 
graphics while the simple 
beauty of this physical phe- 
nomenon remained elusive. 
But Trapp's stack uses full anima- 
tion to show how molecules unite in 
three-dimensional patterns and how 
one crystal form can build on the 
shapes of others. Rotating crystals on 
screen is so much fun you don't 
even care that you've managed to 
learn one of the hardest concepts 
of basic physics, to boot. 

At press time, Trapp had 
sold exclusive rights to 
Crystal Lattice to the 
Journal of Chemical Edu- 
cation (University of 



Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706). 
Look for the product to be offered by the JoumaVs software 
department as one of a number of programs (possibly non- 
shareware) on disk later this year. 

AFTER THE RED BARON 

Everything you always wanted to know about 
Messerschmidt aircraft in World War II — but didn't know 
enough to ask — is packed into Rock Roszak's first in a pro- 
jected series of stacks on Classic Aircraft. This HyperStu- 
dio tour is a flying buff's dream. 

Every variation of the Messerschmidt from every theater 
of the war is shown in detail. Stack format makes it simple 
and easy to browse through the various markings that 
indicate the areas where the plane served, as well as to study 
the specifications of the machinery. The Messerschmidt was 
one of the tilings that made the Luftwaffe so feared, but this 
stack is one of the reasons HyperStudio is so admired. 

HYPERCARD/MACINTOSH 

KNOWLEDGE IS EMPOWERING 

When the history books of the next century are written, 
there's no doubt that the AIDS epidemic will be seen as one 
of the most critical factors of this age we live in. 

There's also no doubt that the advent of personal com- 
puters will be another. Now public-health education and 
the impact of machines like the Macintosh come togeth- 
er in Michael Tidmus' The AIDS Stack, and the 
result is a deeper understanding of this 
deeply disturbing societal problem. 




Illustration * Kerry Gavin 



May 1391 • inCider/A+ • 41 



HYPERSTACKS 



The AIDS Stack uses HyperCard's formidable man- 
agement capabilities to index data intuitively and to 
present a variety of information about this terrible 
viral syndrome. One section, for example, answers 
some of the most commonly asked questions in a pro- 
fessional, forthright manner. Still another offers statis- 
tical tables and charts in easy-to-understand format. But 
few presentations are as powerful as the AIDS Clock 
section, which demonstrates statistically and in real time 
that the number of deaths is 
rising dramatically. The AIDS 
Stack is a perfect tool for anyone 

— young people and adults alike 

— who is trying to study and 
understand this disease. 

TAKING THE CURE 

People aren't the only beings 
who get ill — sometimes even 
your computer can catch a virus. 
While nowhere near as tragic, of 
course, the results can still be 
devastating to your work. The 
national media have exaggerated 
the computer-virus scare to some 
extent, but it's true that viruses 
are out there, and sooner or later 
you might have to know how 
to combat them. 

The Eduvirus 2.0 stack runs 
the gamut — from understand- 
ing what viruses are and how they 
work and spread, to fighting 
them with antiviral programs — 
and along the way offers a number of clues and tech- 
niques for avoiding them in the first place. The stack 
covers viruses such as "Scores," "Nvir," "ANTI," "Mac- 
mag," "INIT 29," "Dukakis," "ZUC," "WDEF," 
"MDEF," "Frankie," "CDEF," and others in depth. 

You never may get a virus — in fact, you can expect 
not to, statistically speaking. But this stack is a good way 
to prepare for any problems, and studying these little 
monsters is interesting in itself 

WHAT'S UP, DOC? 

Guess what you can buy for $32,500? Give up? An old 
comic book! That's the latest price on Action number L 
Of course, a number 1 Batman will set you back only 
$14,500 — and you could latch onto a number I 
Donald Duck for a trifling $2300. There's gold in them 
thar' pulp magazines, and the best way to track them 
is Mike Ashley's Comic Collector's Inventory Stack. 

You can locate comics by title, by story, or both. And 
if a story is continued in a comic of a different title 
(usually as a marketing ploy for the weaker title), this 
stack will track the story's continuity for you. One of the 

42 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Share the wealth — 
inCid€r/A+ presents 

a sampling of 
shareware applications 
for Mac HyperCard 
and the Apple lies 
program HyperStudio, 
available from 
user groups, BBSes, 
on-line services, 
and disk houses. 



nicest features is that you can also get an instant read- 
out on the current worth of your collection (based on 
figures you input for each book). Now that's something 
even Uncle Scrooge would be proud to own! 

STARS IN YOUR EYES 

Astronomy buffs won*t want to miss Jeremy Haile's 
stack Our Galaxy, The Milky Way. This one features 
some of the best astronomy artwork you've ever seen, 
plus interesting charts and text files. 

More advanced amateur astronomers will appreciate 
such items as H&R Diagram charts, which provide infor- 
mation on types of stars in the Milky Way. But even a 
novice will enjoy using HyperCard's find feature to type 
in the name of a constellation and then read all about 
it and where to find it. There's even an automatic- 
formula area wherein calculation of the moon's age is 
fiilly explained and carried out in a flash. 

This professionally produced, mind-stretching stack 
won first place at the 1989 Dalks Morning News Regional 
Science Fair for its author — who was just 14 years old 
at the time. 

DATABASE RECORDS 

If your record or compact-disc collection is like most 
people's, it probably drives you nuts when you want to 
hear a favorite selection. What album is it on? Who's the 
performer? Where is it anyway? 

Dean Wette's The Albums Stack comes to your rescue 
mth the best way yet invented to track your collection. 
Each card in the stack is cross-filed by composer or 
performer and allows searching — on the title of the 
album itself and on the publisher's label as well as the 
catalog number. Complete comment fields let you fill in 
tides of selections and details on individual performances. 
While this stack isn't as graphics-oriented as certain 
others of the same type, it's the easiest to use and is 
among the more powerful ones. With this stack at your 
fingertips, you won't be singing the blues next time you're 
looking for a hot platter. 

WHO SAID THAT? 

Do you invite your Mac to your parties? Pick up 
Computer Mad Libs and it may prove to be a very 
popular guest and a lot of fiin besides. 

This stack lets you compose stories in which you leave 
out key phrases or words. When your reader runs the 
stack, it prompts him or her for a word to fit the type 
the story demands. The reader doesn't get to see the 
complete story until after he or she has input all the 
words, however. With a little imagination on your part, 
Mad Libs can result in some hilarious party games and 
jokes. Of course, with too much imagination you might 
find yourself missing a few fi-iends, but, hey, no one 
ever said computing was going to be easy! 

Mad Libs doesn't provide the name of its author, but 



the stack is available from 
most on-line services and 
many user groups. (See the 
accompanying "Sources" box.) 

DIALING FOR $ 

One of the gi^eat advantages of 
HyperCard is that it lets you com- 
puterize various aspects of your business 
yourself. And when something you do matches 
what many other people do, serendipity' presents us all 
with a wonderful piece of software. That's exactly what 
we have in the Business Phone stack, from Bob Pat in. 

VVitli Business Phone you can oi^anize all your numbers 
by categoiy and search either by categoiy or by inputting 
the name of the contact. You can view all numbers within 




a categoiy, and you can even dial auto- 
matically (if you have a HyperCard 
home stack and your equipment is set 
up to support this feature). The 
stack even lets you schedule alarms 
to remind you when to make 
those important calls. If you 
depend on the telephone, 
investigate this Mac stack 
before you waste another 
minute searching through 
those piles of business 
cards. Get organized! □ 

Neil Srapiro is a frke-lancie computer journai.is i. Write to 
HIM AT PO. Box 520, Bethr\ge, NY 11714. Enclose a self- 

.•\DDRESSED, STAMPED ENVELOPE IF YOU'U LIKE A PERSON.\L REPLY. 



SOURCES 



Stacks mentioned in the accompanying article are 
available from a number of user groups; many are 
also available on line from bulletin-board systems and 
commercial information services, some of which are 
among the sources listed below. On CompuServe, for 
instance, try the Macintosh HyperCard Forum (GO 
MACHYPER) and the HyperStudio section of the 
Apple Programmers Forum (GO APPRO). To find 
the computer club closest to you, call Apple's User 
Group Locator at (800) 538-9696. 



Some Stacks are also available directly from 
their authors; those names are listed below. Note 
that you must forward a disk and either return 
postage or a self-addressed, stamped envelope. In 
addition, a number of specialized companies 
distribute shareware through the mail. Remember 
that shareware is still copyrighted; after trying the 
application for a specified period of time, please 
remit payment of the requested fee (usually $5 
to $30), or delete the program from disk. 



The AIDS Stack 


Comic Coilector's Inventory Stack, $5 


Florida PC Library 


Being Alive 


Mike Ashley 


RO. Box 1070 


RO. Box 69523 


12934-124 St. 


Leesburg. FL 34749 


West Hollywood. CA 90069 


Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5L 0P5 


t904J 787-1741 


The Albums Stack, $25 


CompuServe 


GEnie 


Dean H. Wette 


5000 Arlington Center Blvd. 


GE Information Services 


921 DeMun Ave. 2N 


Columbus. OH 43220 


401 North Washington St. 


Cfayton, MO 63105 


(800) 848-8199 


Rockville. MD 20850 


$39.95 membership 


C800] 638-9636 


America Online 


$6-$12.50/hour connect time 


$29.95 membership 


8619 Westwood Center Drive 




$5-$18/hour connect time 


Vienna, VA 22182 


Computer Budget Shopper 




[8003 227-6364 


2203 Park Ave. 


Once Upon a Time 


$5.95/month membership 


Suite 1 7 


Mouse Ears BBS 


$5-$10/hour connect time 


Cheyenne, WY 82007 


[714] 992-5341 






300. 1200. 2400 baud 


Big Red Computer Club 


Crystal Lattice 




423 Norfolk Ave. 


Dave Trapp 


Our Galaxy. The IMilky Way 


Norfolk, NE 68701 


159 Holland Road 


Jeremy Haile 


(402) 379-4680 


Sequim, WA 98382 


2801 North Britain 


$19.95/year membership 




Irving, JX 75062 




Delphi 




Business Phone 


General Videotex Corp. 


Public Domain Exchange 


Bob Patin 


3 Blackstone St. 


20780 Walsh Ave. #668 


Summit Software 


Cambridge, MA 02139-9998 


Santa Clara, CA 95050 


112 Hickory Park Lane 


(6173 491-3393 


t4D8) 496-6439 


Antioch. TN 37013 


$49.95 membership 


$20/year membership 




$4.B0-$1 7.40/hour connect time 




Classic Aircraft, $5 




Star Treic: The Next Generation 


Rock Roszak 


EduVirus 2.0 


Scott Everts 


3731 Camelot Drive 


CVIA BBS 


RO. Box 227 


Annandale. VA 22003 


[408) 988-4004 modem 


Placentia. CA 92670 




May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 43 



-ROM 



(^omes of Age 

Is it time to take CD-ROM seriously? Drives are plentiful and affordable. 
A wide variety of software is also available, offering hundreds 
of megabytes of information on everything 

from Beethoven to world history. By CAROL S. HOLZBERG, Ph.D. 





-ROM, like local-area 
networking and on-line 
services before it, has long 
endured the tag of '*technol- 
ogy with great potential." From 
the mid-'80s until now, CD-ROM 
offered great promise, but little punch 
in terms of products. CD-ROM has 
finally grown up, however, and is now 
coming into its own on the Apple desk- 
top. Lower drive prices, more computers 
in schools and homes, and software 



authoring systems such as HyperCard 
have led to the emergence of CD-ROM 
as something more than a curiosity. 

WHERE WERE YOU IN '88? 

Most Apple II and Macintosh owners 
were excited when Apple introduced its 
CD-ROM (compact-disc read-only 
memory) player, the AppleCD SC, in 
March 1988. Who wouldn't be excited 
by the possibility of a drive that could 
read more than 550 megabytes — the 



equivalent of about 14 40-megabyte 
hard-disk drives, or about 270,000 
pages of information — of sound, 
graphics, animation, and text from a 
single disc? At last, there was a relatively 
low-cost alternative for space-intensive 
multimedia presentations, interactive 
training tutorials, and massive on-line 
reference works. 

The initial excitement was dampened, 
though, by the "read-only" part of 
CD-ROM. You can neither write to 



44 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Photography * Frank Cordelle 



CD-ROM discs nor modify their data. 
And while the storage capabihties of 
CD-ROM discs are impressive, the speed 
at which your computer accesses that 
information isn't. CD-ROM drive access 
speeds vary from 350 milUseconds to 
1500 milliseconds. By contrast, a typical 
hard-disk drive boasts an access speed of 
18 to 26 milliseconds. And while the 
initial price of $ 1 1 99 may have been 
affordable for large libraries and Fortune 
1000 companies, it was a litde steep for 
parents and teachers. 

Then, too, perhaps the biggest reason 
CD-ROM drives failed to capture Apple 
users' hearts in 1988 was lack of software. 
In short, you didn't have a lot of incen- 
tive to buy CD-ROM. Today, however, 
that's changed. 

The CD SC now sells for the lower, if 
not quite bargain-basement, price of 
$899. Also, the Apple-brand drive is no 
longer the only player in town. (See 
the accompanying "Hardware Product 
Information" box, p. 46.) In fact, you 
now have plenty of CD hardware options 
from which to choose. 

HARDWARE CONSIDERATIONS 

Before you begin surveying our sample 
of CD-ROM discs, you need to decide 
which player to buy. CD-ROM drives 
vary in appearance; they all operate 
generally the same way, however. The 
typical player is a SCSI {small-computer' 
systems interface) device that connects to a 
Macintosh through the SCSI port at the 
back of the computer, or to an Apple II 
via a SCSI card you install in an 
unused slot. (See "The SCSI Side of 
Life," February 1991, p. 47, for more 
information on SCSI technology.) 

While drive prices differ widely, cost 
may not be as important as versatility. If 
you want to use your CD-ROM drive on 
both a Macintosh and an Apple II, then 
the AppleCD SC is currently your only 
choice. The player ships with software for 
both Macintosh and Apple Ile/IiGS 
computers. With an appropriate SCSI 
adapter card (try Trantor Systems Ltd., 
5415 Randall Place, Fremont, CA 94538, 
415-770-1400) you can even connect an 
AppleCD SC to an MS-DOS computer. 



For the flexibility of using one drive on 
all three systems, you may be willing to 
overlook the AppleCD SC's price and 
relatively slow 500-millisecond random- 
access speed. 

If you decide to shop aroimd, keep the 
following factors in mind: 

• First, does the retail price indude cables 
and software? Some CD-ROM drives may 
appear to cost less than others, but after 
you add a SCSI cable, a SCSI terminator, 
and software drivers, you may find it's not 
such a bargain after all. 

• Most CD-ROM drives indude software 
that plays conventional audio CDs. But 
can you listen to the music as you work 
on another application? Desk-accessory 
audio-playback utilities are more 
convenient than stand-alone programs, 
because you don't have to quit your 
current application to enjoy the sound 
of CD music. 

• The physical size of the drive and its 
panel options are also important. Is the 
unit large (or small) enough to sit under 
(or on top of) your computer? CD-ROM 
drives with external power supplies 
usually have smaller footprints than units 
with built-in power supplies. The smaller 
size usually means that you'll have to 
contend with a bulky external "brick" of 
a power supply. 

• Does the drive have two SCSI ports? If 
your CD-ROM unit has only one SCSI 
port, you must position it last in your 
SCSI-device chain. Remember, if you 
have more than one SCSI device 
attached to your computer, the SCSI I.D. 
number must match its place in the 
chain. For example, if your CD-ROM 
drive is last, its SCSI I.D. number must 
be 7 — so you should also consider how 
easy it is to change a drive's SCSI I.D. 
number if you run into a conflict. 

• Check to see whether the unit comes 
with two RCA audio jacks, which let you 
connect left and right amplified stereo 
speakers easily. Is there a power-on light 
indicator, so that you can tell at a glance 
whether the unit is turned on? 

• Lasdy, make sure you know how long 
the warranty lasts. 

Knowing the answers to these ques- 
tions won't guarantee that you'll find the 



perfect CD-ROM drive. But at least you'll 
keep surprises to a minimum. 

ON THE SOFTWARE SIDE 

The CD-ROM software story is a good 
news/bad news situation. If you own an 
Apple II, the bad news is that there are 
only two products available for your 
computer. (If you know of other CD-ROM 
products that work with the Apple II, 
let us know.) The good news is that if 
you own or have access to a Mac, discs 
abound. In feet, it would be impossible to 
list every CD-ROM on the market. What 
follows is a sampling of products that are 
available for Apple owners. 



THE STRING 

QUARTET 



Warner New Media 
3500 Olive Avenue 
Burbanic, CA 91505 
C818) 955-9999 

Macintosh Plus or later, 
1Mof RAM. 

System 6.0.2 or higher. 

hard disk with at least 6.5M of free space. 

HyperCard 1.2,2 or higher 

installed on hard disk. 

Macintosh-compatible CD-ROM drive. 

audio-playback equipment 

(such as earphones or desktop speakers) 

Age Level: junior high school and up 

$66 

w arner New Media's Audio Notes 
presentation of Beethoven's String Quartet 
No, 14 (Opus 131) offers a variety of 
entertaining ways to investigate this 
magnificent work. Pictures, supplemental 
audio examples, historical commentaries, 
and text annotations all richly enhance 
the musical presentation. The CD builds 
on a 1987 Teldec recording of Beethoven's 
work by the Vermeer Quartet. 

If you're a Beethoven aficionado, you'll 
appreciate how easy it is to navigate, 
using HyperCard to access the disc's 
contents. Clicking on the Index calls 
up an alphabetized list of topics, any one 
of which you can select with the point- 
and-click of a mouse. There's even a 
glossary of musical terms, many with 
audio illustrations. 

You can Explore the Music through the 
disc's fiiU-length introduction. Structural 
Analysis offers real-time commentary on O 



May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 45 



CD-ROM 



musical forms as the quartet plays in the 
background. If you're interested in a 
detailed harmonic analysis, investigate 
the section on tonal elements. 

The Quartet Map pro\'ides an in-depth 
look at the composition's seven move- 
ments. You can select Timeline for a brief 
examination of eight fiamous composers 
and the musical eras in which they lived. 
A section devoted to Beethoven himself 
provides details about the composer and 
his music. In an interesting option along 
educational lines, the CD concludes v^dth 
a Final Exam to see how well you*ve 
mastered the material. 

Warner New Media's latest Audio Notes 
offers something for everyone. This is one 
CD that's guaranteed to enrich your 
appreciation of Beethoven's genius. 



CD FUN HOU&.. 



P.O. Box 87 
16&21 Main Ava. 8.E. 
Prior Lako. MN B8372 
I800I 738-7381 
C8181 447-7381 
Macintosh with SCSI port. 
Macintosh-compatible 
CD-ROM drive 
Age Level: grade 4 to adult 
$5B 



CD Fun House features more than 50 
megabytes of public-domain, shareware, 
and freeware entertainment. 

Each program on the disc is rated 
on a five-star scale. The disc also includes 
a copy of Disinfectant 2.2 (for virus 







Proi^r.ini Book 





1 • Ex[)l()i ing The Music O Qu.h tot Maj 

2 ♦ Structural AnalN -sis 

3 • Harmonic _\iiah sis ® loundations 

■1 • Blueprints ^ Musical Architecture 

5» Xotclx>ok C3 The Composer 

O The Timeline 



O Judex 
O Glossan- 
O Bibliography 



C3 Final Fxam 
O Backstasje 



Beethoven's 
String Quartet 
No. 14: 
disc table 
of contents. 



detection and cure) and a copy of Hyper- 
Card 2.0 for the Mac. 

Programs are organized by topic into 
1 1 categories for quick access. You'll find 
board games (Games Parlour), adventure 
programs (Adventure Land) , simulations 
(The Simulator), educational titles (The 
School House), sports themes (Sports 
Palace), classic Star Trek ofTerings (Star 
Fleet HQ), and arcade-style shoot-'em-up 
games (The Arcade), plus games of skill 
and chance in The Casino, Word Games, 
and Interesting Stuff, 

Operation is simple: Retrieve a program 
by clicking on its icon, or find out more 
about the game by searching the disc index. 

Every title has a dedicated index card, 
listing game type, rating, shareware fee 
(if applicable), location on disc, contact 
information, and a brief description. 

CD Fun House is a great product, 
guaranteed to stave oflF boredom during 
rainy days and television-rerun season. 



CIA WORLD 
-^ACTBOOK 1990 



f Inc. 
P.O. Bu«7 
16221 IMi Ave. 8.E. 



(•001 738-7381 
(8121 447-7381 

Macintosh Plus or later, 1M of RAM, 
Macintosh-compatible CD-ROM drive 
Age Level: junior high school end up 
$129 



The CIA World Factbook contains 
details on 249 countries and territories 
around the world, compiled by the 
United States Central Intelligence 
Agency. Search for data by country, topic, 
word, or Boolean logical operators (such 
as and, or, or not, and not). Major cate- 
gories include geography, people, 
government, economy, communications, 
and defense forces. The disc also 
contains several maps. 



Hardware Product Information 



ilppieCDBC 
(BOO meeol 

Apple Computer Inc. 

20525 Mariani Ave. 
Cupertino, CA 95D14 
C4081 996-1010 
Macintosh or Apple tl 
with SCSI card 
$899 
cable $50 
terminator S30 



CDPMa-OrivaTSeOI 
(350 n»ecl 

CD Technology 
760 Montague 
Expressway #407 
San Jose. CA 95131 
C4083 432-8698 
Mecintosh 
with SCSI port 
$895 

ceble included 

optionel termlnetor $20 



(380 maci 

Chinon America, Inc. 
680 Maple Ave. 
Torrance. CA 90503 
(213) 533-0274 
[800) 441-0222 
Macintosh 
with SCSI port 
$795 

cable and terminator 
included 



(400 MMl 

Denon America, Inc. 
222 New Road 
Parsippany, NJ 07054 
[201)575-7810 
[800) 446-0062 
Macintosh 
with SCSI port 
$940 
cable $29 



CDR-IO 

(350 mwcl 

Mirror Technologies 
2644 Tatton Road 
Roseville. MN 55113 
(812) 633-4450 
Macintosh 
with SCSI port 
$697 

cable and terminator 
included 



46 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



CD Fun House: 
disc contents 
showing major 
software 
categories. 



ifc File Edit Uieui Special 



CD Fun House j 



53,087K in disk 



2,643K avaftAbI 



C3 Cn Ci 

•Th» Arcade* •Star Heet H0» .the Casifw* 



•Games Partour* 



•Adv«ntureL«id^ 



•tnteresttng Stuff* 



^ "Sports Pa1ae»» •The School House* ^ 

D rn D 



•'Hie Simulator* 



HyperCard 2,0 



CD Fw H«u«e indoK 



*Comfiwrcial Game Templates* 



CD FwiHouse Legal Notice FunHouse Intro $<. Credits CD FunHouse Virus Check ShareVare 



ST 



Each major data area is further divided 
into detailed subcategories. For example, 
Economy usually consists of a general 
economic overview, plus facts and figures 
on gross national product, inflation, 
unemployment, budget, exports, 
imports, external debt, and industrial 
production. 

The Government category yields infor- 
mation on each country's capital city, 
administrative divisions, legal system, 
national holidays, leaders, and political 
parties. In People, you'll find population 
statistics as well as birth, death, and liter- 
acy rates, and data on ethnic divisions 
and national religions. 

You can print both images and text. 
On-line help describes program features 
and assists with information search and 
retrieval. The CIA World Factbook is a 
great program for anyone who needs 
instant "encyclopedic" access to world 
information. 



COSMIC OSMO 



Cosmic Osmo 
Activision 
P.O. Box 3048 
3885 Bohannon Drive 
Menio Parle, CA 94025 
(800) 227-6900 
(4^51 329-0800 

Macintosh Plus or later, 1M of RAM, 
Macintosh-compatible CD-ROM drive 
(1000 msec or faster recommended), 
HyperCard 1.2.5 (included on CD), 
System 6.0.4. 6.0.5, or higher 
Age Level: 7 to adult 
$79.95 



lA/elcome to Activision's CD-ROM 
solar system, "the worlds beyond the 
mackerel." Meet Osmo, the coolest 
shade-sporting alien ever to grace a Mac- 
intosh screen. Journey into hyperspace 
and boldly go where no CD-ROM has 
gone before. Exciting audiovisual 
surprises greet you every step of the way. 

Don't worry about reading directions 
or memorizing command-key sequences. 



You experience Osmo's animated galaxy 
by pointing and clicking on interesting 
objects on screen. Pilot a spaceship 
through an unfamiliar universe filled 
with endearing characters, amazing 
special effects, and terrific animations. 
You'll explore seven strange new inter- 
connected worlds. Even young children 
will find it entertaining. 

Cosmic Osmo is what interactive 
multimedia is all about. You play chal- 
lenging games and delight your ears with 
more than 40 minutes of CD-quality 
music and 20 original songs. The original 
Cosmic Osmo floppy-disk version (1989) 
contained just 5 megabytes of code and 
music. The CD-ROM version dps the 
scales at more than 100 megabytes. 

Treat yourself to an electronic extra- 
vaganza of whimsical sights and sounds 
— you'll be entertained for hours. 
Cosmic Osmo is the perfect excuse to 
buy a CD-ROM drive. 



GEM/PUBUC DOMAIN 



Wayzata Technology Inc. 
P.O. Box 07 
16221 Main Ave. S.E. 
Prior Lalce, MN 55372 
(8001 735-7321 
{6121 447-7321 

Apple Ile/IIGS, AppleCD SC (SCSI Revision 
C or later], amplifier, speaker or headset 
Age Level: grade 4 to adult 
$119 

Gem (for Generous Efforts of Many) 
contains megabytes of Apple II and IlGS 
software collected from user groups and 
on-line service libraries. It features share- 



CDR-35 
(1500 msecl 

NEC Home Electronics 
1255 Michael Drive 
Wood Dale. IL 60191 
C312) 8B0-9500 
Macintosh 
with SCSI port 
$599 

software driver $99 



CDP-2A (Toshiba drive 
mechanism, 380 msec) 
CDP-1B (Sony drhre 
mechanism, 380 msec) 

Optical Media 
International 
485 Alberto Way 
Los Gat OS, CA 95032 
[8003 347-2664 
C4083 395-4332 
Macintosh 
with SCSI port 
$795 each 

cable, terminator extra 
$39 software driver 
$1 audio playback software 



DRM-600 CD-RQM 

Changer 

(600 msec) 

Pioneer Communications 
of America 

800 East Crescent Ave. 
Upper Saddle River, NJ 
07458 

E201] 327-6400 
Macintosh 
with SCSI port 
$1295 
cable $45 

software drivers $100 



CDU-6211 (380 msec) 

Sony Computer 
Peripheral Products Co. 
655 River Oaks Parkway 
San Jose. CA 95134 
(408) 432-0190 
Macintosh 
with SCSI port 
$600-$700, includes 
cable and terminator; 
purchase Macintosh 
software drivers 
elsewhere 

(Trantor Systems, Ltd.l 



XM-3201A1-MAC 
(350 msec) 

Disk Products Division 
Toshiba America 
Information Systems 
9740 Irvine Blvd. 
Irvine. CA9271B 
C80Q] 456-3475 
t714) 583-3000 
Macintosh 
with SCSI port 
$850 

cable and terminator 
Included 



May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 47 



CD-ROM 



ware and freeware, as well as demonstra- 
tion versions of several favorite Ile/IIcs 
applications. 

For instance, you'll find demos of 
HyperStudio, Beagle Bros classics, DB 
Master Professional (a relational database 
manager), Circulation Plus (for keeping 
tabs on library books), TIC (telecommu- 
nications), and Davidson educational 
software, to name just a few. 

You'll also find files you can use with 
AppleWorks and AppleWorks GS, 
HyperStudio stacks, Just Add Water 
(Apple's guide to starting a user group), 
and Technical Notes (the complete 
collection of Apple 11 Technical Notes fix>m 
November 1988 to January 1990). 
There's even a shareware CAD program 
for the Apple II. 

Programs are organized into categories 
for easy access; separate folders are 
devoted to games, education, commu- 
nications, fonts (TimeOut SuperFonts 
compatible), disk utilities (such as virus 
detection and elimination software, 
program selectors, and file-type 
changers), music, and development 
(programming utilities). 

You'll also find NDAs (new desk acces- 
sories) and CDAs (classic desk acces- 
sories) for the GS, as well as digitized files 
of voices and sound effects. 

The graphics directory contains a 
variety of images you can use with The 
Print Shop and GS paint programs, plus 
a shareware paint application called 
CheapPaint, a number of animation files, 
GS graphics application viewers, and a 
wide array of MacPaint files you can 
transfer to super-high-resolution format 
with the utility SuperConvert (also 
included on disc). 

The project team responsible for this 
collection recommends that you copy a 
program from the CD to a ProDOS 
floppy disk before using it. 

Note that several applications have 
been stored in compressed form to 
conserve space. You can unpack them 
with Andy Nicholas' Shrinkit utility, 
which is also provided. 

GEM represents an eclectic software 
collection for any Apple II library. 



* rile Edit Naulgate Options LUindoms 



Clfl Uloild Fdctbook 1990 (Search Criteria: Iraq) 



I raq 

Gaography 

Total area: 434,920 km2; land area: 433,970 km2 

CoKporotive ar«a: si iyhily more ihMm iwice the siz* of Idaho 

Land boundar i es : 3 , 454 km to la I ; I rai 1 , 4S8 kn , I raq - Soud i ftrob i a 
Neutral Zone 191 k», Jordcn 134 k*, Kuvfait 240 kn, Saudi Arabia 495 \ 
Sgria 605 km, Twrkeg 331 kn 

Coast I j ne : 56 km 

Horitine ciains: Continental shelf: not specific; 

Territorial sea: 12 n» 

Disputes: Iraq began fornal UN peace negotiations uith tron in Rugust 1988 
to end the var that began on 22 Septenber 1980— sovereignty over the Shatt 



lot 



CIA World 
Fact book: 
portion of Iraq 
file data. 
Navigation 
controls visible 
on screen. 



IGOR STRAVINSKY: 
THE RITE Uf- i>f fitlMG 



The Voyager Company 
1351 Pacific Coast Highway 
Santa Monica, CA 90401 
C213) 451-1383 
(8001 446-2001 

Macintosh Plus or later. System 6.0.5 
or higher, hard-disk drive. Macintosh- 
compatible CD-ROM drive. HyperCard 2.0 
or higher, audio-playback equipment 
[such as earphones op desktop speakers) 
Age Level: junior high school and up 
$99.95 



Voyager's second release in its musical 
CD Companion Series presents Stravin- 
sky's Rite of Springy and should be avail- 
able by the time this article appears in 
print. The package includes three floppy 
disks with HyperCard stacks, plus a high- 
quality recording of Stravinsky's score, 
performed by the Symphonique de 
Montreal, with Charles Dutoit conduct- 
ing, HyperCard makes it easy to explore 
and learn more about the music. 

The Rite of Spring CD is as entertain- 
ing as it is educational. The disc includes 
a glossary of musical terms, real-time 
commentary on the music (as it plays), 
biographical sketches of Stravinsky and 
the time period in which he lived, an 
exploration of a ballet production of the 
score, plus a challenging quiz that tests 
listeners with audio-based questions. In 
addition, you'll hear commentary and 
supplemental audio recordings of orches- 
tral instruments. Voyager offers serious 
music lovers an entirely new way to 
appreciate Stravinsky's famous score. 



LEARN TO 
SPEAK FRENCH 



The HyperGlot Software Company 
505 Forest Hills Blvd. 
Knoxville. TN 37919 
tOOOl 726-5087 
(615) 558-8270 
Macintosh Plus or later. 
Macintosh-compatible CD-ROM drive, 
hard-disk drive, HyperCard version 1.2 
Age Level: junior high school and up 
$249.95 each 

Brush up on your "parlez-vous 
frangais" — learn to speak like a native 
with this two-CD French course from 
HyperGlot Software. Disc 1 contains 36 
HyperCard stacks designed to teach (or 
review) a wide range of expressions and 
prepare you for everyday situations, 
including greetings, directions, checking 
in at a hotel, taking the Paris metro, 
ordering a meal, and making purchases 
at a deli, bakery, grocery, or butcher 
shop. HyperCard lets you jump easily 
to any topic and move in any direction 
within a lesson. 

Lesson stacks consist of eight parts (or 
cards). Each one begins with a Setting, 
which briefly summarizes the story or 
situation that follows. You can listen to or 
read settings in French (beginning with 
lesson 1 1) if you insert the second Learn 
to Speak CD, 

From the Setting card, you move to the 
Dialogue card, which contains French 
vocabulary for the lesson. Clicking on the 
card calls up an English translation auto- 
matically. A Functional Notes button 
offers cultural commentary on contem- 



48 • inCider/A-i- • May 1991 



Learn to Speak 
French: dialogue 
card showing 
lesson 
vocabulary. 
Clicking on 
French text calls 
up English 
translation. Click 
on player 
controls to hear 
native speakers 
pronounce 
selected words. 



LESSON i: GREETINGS, GETTING MtQUfilNTED- THE OinLOGUE 



l lMme Bertrandl: Bonjour. Uous etes Monsieur Thomas, 
I n'est-ce pas? On uous attendait. 

I {Uous]: Pardon? Oui, Je trauaille pour une compagnle ' 
I americalne i Peris. 

I [Mme Bertrand]: Tr^s bien. Je suis la gardiennei Mme 
I Bertrand. 

I [Uous3: fthl lie comprends. 







A 






1 Ustenin^ In 


Funetfonal thXts 


Ck$«r Leek 


tnstruetlons ^^^^^^^^^^^ 



<3 



porary French lifestyles. Clicking on the 
Play button lets you listen to digitized 
pronunciations from the second CD 
automatically . 

A Listening In card follows the Dialogue 
card. It tests your knowledge of French 
by asking you to type in missing words. 
You can click on the card's CD-player 
controls for an instant replay of spoken 
dialogue. A Check button calls up answers 
whenever you're ready. 

The next three cards emphasize vocab- 
ulary and expressions, grammatical 
details, and language drills. The final two 
cards are reserved for testing. If you're 
planning a trip to France (or another 
French-speaking country), HyperGlot's 
CD will help you travel with confidence. 



THE NEW 

GROUER ELECTRONIC 
ENCYCLOPEDIA 



Groiier Electronic Publishing, Inc. 

Stierman IVirnpilce 

Danbury, CT 06816 

12031 797-3500 

(8001 356-5590 

Macintosh Plus or later, 

1M RAM. 

Macintosh-compatible CD-ROM drive 

Age Level: grades 4 to 1 2 

$395 

$495 teacher's edition 

with guide and student-activity materials 

Groiier Electronic Publishing has 
released all 2 1 volumes of its Academic 
American Encyclopedia on a single 
CD-ROM disc, collapsing about 10,000 
pages and two feet of shelf space into one 



4. 7 5 -inch optical disc. More than 30,000 
articles are available at the point-and- 
click of a mouse. The latest version adds 
thousands of detailed illustrations to the 
thoroughly researched text, as well. 

You can search through The New 
Groiier Electronic Encyclopedia (NGEE) 
in any one of four distinct ways: 

* A Title Index provides an alphabetical 
listing of all articles. To find an 
article, just type the title's first letter(s) 
and press Return. NGEE then highlights 
the closest alphabetical match. You can 
call up as many as ten articles to the 
desktop simultaneously. 

* The Word Index contains an alphabet- 
ical listing of all discrete words in the 
encyclopedia. A fraction appears beside 
each word entry. The numerator repre- 
sents the total number of times the word 
appears; the denominator refers to the 
total number of articles where the word 
can be found. Clicking on an Index word 
directs NGEE to display all article titles. 
You then can call up a title of interest. 

* NGEE supports Boolean word-search 
techniques using partial words and word 
combinations, as well as complete word 
forms. You can hunt for synonyms and 
specify whether to search article titles, 
text entries, picture captions, bibliogra- 
phies, or special fact boxes. 

* Lastly, with the Picture Index, you can 
locate specific graphics images. 

NGEE simplifies the task of library 
research by making articles and facts 



instantly available. You can take notes in 
an electronic Notepad, place bookmarks 
in an article for quick and easy reference, 
save notepads to disk, and print them. 

If you have children, Groiier' s New 
Electronic Encyclopedia is a research tool 
that can't be beat. 



VIETNAM 

REMEMBERED 



Wayzata Technology inc. 
P.O. Box 87 
16221 Main Ave. S.E. 
Prior Lake. MN 55372 
(8001 735-7321 
(6121 447-7321 
Macintosh Plus or later, 
1MRAM. 

Macintosh-compatible 
CD-ROM drive 

Age Level: junior high school and up 
$129 

Vietnam Remembered focuses on the 
long, complex involvement of the United 
States government in the Southeast Asian 
conflict, from 1946 to 1976. 

Compiled from both public and 
private information sources, this Wayzata 
compact disc offers a wealth of historical 
data and more than 200 graphics 
images to accompany it. Its database 
contains 119,597 words organized on 
61,654 cards. 

You'll find information on battles, 
equipment and missions, a detailed 
chronology of events, biographies of 
significant military and political person- 
alities, a complete list of all names 
inscribed on the Vietnam Memorial Wall 
in Washington, D.C., and a glossary of 
pertinent terms. 

There's also a notable section on the 
controversial defoliant chemical Agent 
Orange and its effects, plus a chronicle of 
the war's early years, a list of Medal of 
Honor recipients, and descriptions of 
certain postv\^ar events. 

You can search for particular words 
with Boolean operators or scroll through 
cards individually by clicking on the 
program's navigation arrows; you can 
also print documents for quick reference. 

Wayzata's disc is a must for students 
and adults of any age interested in learn- 
ing about the Vietnam War and our 
country's role in the conflict. 



May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 49 



# File Edit Search Tewt Ullndouis Help 



Title List 



3«r4fslM 
7o 



AllosBurus 



1 dinosBur 
1 Stegosaurus 



j Rllosaurus 




AllosQunis 

(er-oh-sohr-uhs) 

Allosourus (Greek: alios {'other); seurus, {"lizfird")), a large, 
cemfvorous DINOSAUR of Late JURASSIC to the Early CRETACEOUS 
Period, ranged In length from 5 to 12 m ( 16 to 40 ft) and probably 
weighed 4 metric tons (about 8,000 lb). Like all other theropods, 
lAllosaums walked on only two legs, using Us long, heavy tell for 
balance. The short forellmbs bore three sharp, curved claws adapted 



Entering 
"allosaurus" in 
word-search 
dialog calls up 
Title Ust, 
showing seven 
listings in three 
articles. Clicking 
on word in Title 
List calls up 
article. Camera 
icon indicates 
picture available. 



CD-ROtUI 

I SCARY POEMS 

■ FOR 

■ ROTTEN KIDS 



Disfsis KnoMledge Research Inc. 
5190 Ybnge Street 

North Ybrk. Ontario. Canada M2N 6N2 
C416) 250-6537 
18001 567-4321 

Macintosh Plus or later, 1M of HAM. 
Macintosh-compatible CD-ROM drive, 
S-bit color board 
Age Level: 4 to 8 
$84.95 

In this collection, Discis provides all 
the text and pictures of Sean 0*Huigin's 
original Scary Poems for Rotten Kids, plus 
digitized speech, spoken help and 
instructions, upbeat musical accompani- 
ment, and eerie sound effects. 

The best part is that you don*t even 
have to know how to read to enjoy a 
Discis book, so even preschoolers can 
enjoy it; youngsters can listen to portions 
read aloud when they click on the 
sentence speaker. Navigation*s simple, 
too: Clicking on the dog-eared book 
corners advances the text forward (or 
backward) one page at a time. 

Scary Poems offers several exciting 
features that aren't found in the conven- 
tional print version of O'Huigin's text. 
Children can learn more about any illus- 
tration, for instance, by pointing-and- 
clicking on the picture. The program 
identifies an illustration by speaking 
its name and placing its written form 
on screen. 

It's similar with text; If kids point-and- 
cUck on a word in the text, Scary Poems 
reads it aloud. Double-clicking on a word 
directs the program to speak it and offer 
a definition. Pulling down the Readi menu 
shows all words selected since the child 
last opened the book. 

O'Huigin's fun-filled, comic anthology 
contains 14 ghoulish poems, each one 
eerier than the next. One favorite is "TTie 
Day the Mosquitoes Ate Angela Jane." 
Several others are just as enjoyable. So 
the next stormy night (barring lightning, 
of course), cuddle up with your child in 
front of your Macintosh. The Scary 
Poems CD is an electronic experience not 
to be missed. 



THE USA 

FACTBOOK 1990 



Wiyzata Technolooy Inc- 
P.O. Box 87 
16221 Main Ave. S.E. 
Prior Lake, Mil 5S372 
C8001 735-7321 
16121 447-7321 
Macintosh Plus or later, 
1Mof RAM. 

Macintosh-compatible CD-ROM drive 
Age Level: junior high school and up 
$139 

The USA Factbook from Wayzata 
Technology, updated annually, contains 
an abundance of information on the 
United States and its territories, with 
facts and figures on a wide variety of 
topics, as well as state maps, state seals, 
and important phone numbers. 

It's organization at your fingertips: 
Calling up a particular state yields data 
on categories such as geography, people, 
government, economy, communications, 
and national monuments. Each topic is, 
of course, further divided into detailed 
subcategories. 

Disc navigation is a breeze, but on-line 
help is instantly available if you need it. 
You can search the database by browsing 
through individual cards or issue a Find 
command and use Boolean operators to 
locate specific information. An array of 
extras help students and adults alike keep 
their research organized. For instance, 
you can print text, maps, and seals or 
copy them to the clipboard for use with 
other applications. If your kids or 
students need a better knowledge of the 
USA, this disc is a great place to start. 



TIME TABLE 
OF HfSTORY: 
SCIENCE & INNOVATION 

1990 EDITION 



XIphias 

8758 Venice Blvd. 
Lffls Angeles, CA 90034 
(2131 841-2790 

Mac Plus or later, 

Macintosh-compatible CD-ROM drive, 

1Mof RAM 

C2 reconrimended), 

HyperCard 1.2.2 or higher 

Age Level: junior high school and up 

$185 

Time Table of History features more 
than 6000 stories detailing major techno- 
logical and scientific achievements from 
5000 B.C. to the present. 

This Mac HyperCard-based CD uses 
digitized human voice, text compiled 
from several research sources, and illus- 
trations to describe events in historical 
context. Story screens contain multi- 
media buttons that link text descriptions 
to special audiovisual effects. 

You can explore historical events two 
ways: by Time Line or by Time Table: 

* Clicking on Time Line calls up a menu 
bar of eight historical periods (5000 B.C. 
to 600 B.C., 600 B.C. to 1800 A.D., 1800 
to 1860, 1860 to 1900, and so on). Click- 
ing on a particular time period initiates 
a search for all stories occurring during 
those years. In addition, every Time Lme 
screen contains a Tim^ Cycles button that 
brings up an image of Schumpeter*s 
Theory of Economic Cycles. The accom- 
panying illustration shows how scientific 



50 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Time Table: Time 
Line screen 
showing context 
and time-period 
buttons. Context 
buttons initiate 
voice-over 
descriptions of 
events; time- 
period buttons 
direct program 
to search for ail 
stories falling 
between years 
indicated. 



Accords) 



I jalior Party Entm ftrltlif gdiy't 

* u S - Prohibi iio n f iftf * 

-„ ~ - - J*H.Y:l!7^<rirMr 

Italin in Pi>iyer ^ 

I Ru ssian Economy CoHapsc^ J Japan Ihuades Manchuria J fltomlc Bonifa 

jlM^toci^ariceffraS Bray^^ 

I U.S. flpptiance Bnont If Stlanisfi Ciuil flS^tSorid lUar 2 



1920 



f925 



1935 



1940 



1945 



t920 
1925 



1930 



1935 



1940 



i94S I 1950 



Broad utew I 



Timeline 



I Time Cucjos I 



developments and technological innova- 
tions influence business trends. 

* Clicking on the Time Table button 
calls up a screen consisting of several 
windows. Each one is "hot-linked" to 
follow a hypertext path through history. 
For example, the title window briefly 
describes the subject of the article in the 
story window. Clicking on any of the title 
words directs the software to search for 
all other occurrences of that word. 
Similarly, the story window contains an 
article about the topic under investiga- 
tion. Clicking on any word in the story 
window initiates a cross-search for all 
occurrences of that word in the Time 
Table database. 

You can search for related stories by 
clicking on keywords in that window, or 
initiating a customized search by typing 
in look-up parameters in the Xearch 
window. You can consult bibliographies 
and view maps and animations. 

Time Table also includes a periodic 
table of the elements, an electromagnetic 
spectrum, a powers-of-ten button illus- 
trating distance from the earth, and a 
geological timeline showing the evolu- 
tion of life on earth. 

Xiphias' Time Table of History repre- 
sents an exciting new way to look at 
science and technology. You can explore 
significant historical events in a nonlinear 
fashion, while digitized speech, sound 
effects, and animation make the presenta- 
tion come alive. According to a company 
spokesperson, a Time Table of Business, 
Politics, and the Media is in the works. 



l/UEeSTER'S NINTH 
NEW COLLEGIATE 



Higliliglitefi Data 

4350 North Fairfax Drive 

Suite 450 

Arlington. VA 22203-1620 
C703) 516-9211 

Mac Plus or later, 
2M of RAM 

and hard-disk drive recommended. 
Macintosh-compatible CD-ROM drive 
Age Level: kindergarten to adult 
$199.95 

At last — an on-line dictionary that 
literally speaks for itself. Webster's Ninth 
New Collegiate contains the full text of 
the print version, plus optional 1 8-point 
(large text) display, point-and-click access 
to cross-references, and digitized speech. 
You can hear a word pronounced simply 
by calling it up with the Find command 
or clicking on it in the Word window. You 
can copy definitions, as well as illustra- 
tions, to the clipboard and paste them 
into other applications. 

The CD dictionary is a stand-alone 
application that contairis almost 160,000 
entries and 200,000 definitions. Unfor- 
tunately, you can't access it while working 
in another program unless you're run- 
ning under MultiFinder. Nevertheless, 
it's a useful electronic reference tool. 

In addition to word definitions and 
etymologies (showing the history of a 
word by tracing its development fiom the 
earliest recorded occurrence), Webster's 
contains a Handbook of Style with perti- 
nent information about punctuation, 
italicization, capitalization, and pluraliza- 



tion, as well as several tables and a dictio- 
nary of abbreviations. 

You can call up a list of colleges and 
universities (with addresses), plus a list of 
foreign words and phrases, complete 
with definitions. 

You'll also find interesting essays on 
language usage, the history of the 
English language, spelling, pronuncia- 
tion, and more. 

If you're in the market for a dictionary 
to help your children or students with 
spoken English, the electronic Webster's 
has something to say to you. 



YOURVyORO 


Tlie WordBox! Company 
P.O. Box 1115 
Belmont, CA 94002 
C41S1 592-5447 

Apple liGS, 
I.BMof RAM. 

color monitor CRGB preferred 
AppleCD SC 














ESCSI Revision C or later), 
amplifier, speaker or headset 
Age Level: 4 to 7 






£169 











YourWordBox! teaches preschoolers 
how to use language — how to read and 
understand the rules of grammar It teaches 
the way kids learn naturally, by hearing 
a large number of different kinds of 
sentences. (The company calls it "learning 
in context.") The computer focuses the 
learning (by repeating grammatically relat- 
ed sentences — not a random sampling, as 
TV or a parent might use); the GD-ROM 
disc broadens it. 

CD-ROM makes this method reason- 
able because it can store thousands of 
sentences, pictures, and digitized record- 
ings. A 3.5-inch disk accompanying the 
CD includes software lessons you can use 
with the program's thousands of words 
and graphics. Lessons include animated 
stories that will enhance the magic as 
much as hearing them. The graphics 
images are dear and designed to appeal to 
young children. The female voice sounds 
natural — it is, after all, a digital recording. 

Volume I includes 701 lessons on the 
parts of speech. Future volumes may 
include different lessons or new words 
and pictures. WordBox! says that a Mac 
version is also under consideration. □ 



May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 51 



Prcgrams, Peripherals 




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Build interior and landscape de- 
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Suggested Retail GS S89.95 

Programs Plus Price $47. 

Suggested Retail $69.95 

Programs Plus Price $37. 



ACCELERATORS 
/RAMCARDS 

.^^R Micro Research (Micro Sci) 

J4E 80 Column 64K 

OBtd m only) / ■ 49. 

Apple Computer 

Apple lie Enhancement Kit 58. 

Apple lie Extended 80 Col. Card:. ,.89. 
Appiied Engineering 

GS-Ram Ptu3lMG 199. 

,GS-Ram Pius 2MG 293. 

hFlus 3MG 379. 

IMG 142. 

I 2MG 219. 

GS-'Ram I! 4MG. 369. 

GS-Ultfa 1MG .212. 

GS-Ultra2MG 279. 

GS-Ultra 512K 159. 

PX Transporter (768K) 255. 

' Transporter Installation Kit GS . . .37. 
^Transporter installation Kit HE ...29. 

ress-il 1024K..... 174. 

ess W 256K ..141. 

^fessll 512K 156. 

-Factor 1MG..... 229. 

.mFactor 512K 189. 

RamWorks!il IMG 220.. 

RamWorks ill 256K 133. 

RamWorksil! 512K 160. 

apsWarp Accelerator fGSj ..260. 

'^MsWarp Original Accelerator 88. 

fewMaster m(lh) 124. 

Z-Ram Ultra 2 IMG 277. 

Z-Ram Ultra 2 256K 191.: 



Z-Ram Ultra 2 512K.: 220. 

Z-Ram Ultra 3 1 MG 292. 

Chips 

Ctiips Set 256K 120 or 150 NS 19. 

CV Technologies 

GS Memory Board., 89. 

Harris Labs 

GS Load 256K(3pac^j 69. 

GS Sauce IMG 132. 

GS Sauce 2MG 169. 

GS Sauce 4MG 307. 

GS Sauce Card "0"KfGSj 75. 

Zip Technoiogf 

Zip Chip 4 MHZ 98. 

Zip Chip 8 MHZ.. ..139. 

Zip Chip Model 1600 (GS) special 249. 

ACCESSORIES 

Advanced Gravis 

Advanced Gravis' Joystick 

(AP&GS)., 39. 

MouseStickADBfGSj..... 59. 

Apple Computer 

Apple Mouse lie 118. 

Disk Controller Card 68. 

Extended Keyboard ADB 175. 

Video Overlay Card..... ....428. 

Appiied Engineering 

Audio Animator (GSj 155. 

Conserver (GS) '..73. 

High Output Power Supply 59. 

lIGS Heavy Duty Power Supply 77. 

Sonic Blaster (GS) 94. 

TimeMaster 77. 

Transporter Keyboard, 100. 

CH Products 

Flight Stick.... 46. 

■Mach lllJoystick 29. 

Mach IV Joystick .62. 

Roller Mouse ADB (GS) 83. 

i/0 Design 

Imageware II Case Black, Navy, 

Platinum 45. 

ICMS, Inc MousePen ADB 89. 

Kaimar 

Kalmar Roll Top (holds 136).... 26. 

Kaimar Roll Top lb (holds 45) 14. 

Katmar Roll Top 3.b (holds 90) 21. 

Kensington, Inc. 

A/B, Box........ 63. 

AntiGlare Filter GS 34. 

Apple Security System 33. 

Mouse Pocket (/?eg. or ADB) 8, 

Mouseway (MousePad) 8. 

Turbo UQm(Reg. or ADB) 108. 

Printer Muffler 80 47. 

Printer Muffler 80 Stand 22. 

Space Saver Printer Stand 19. 

System Saver (Platinum or Beige) ..58. 

System Saver GS 68. 

Universal Copy Stand....:. 22. 

liniversal Printer Stand 19. 

Koala Technoiogies 

Koala Pad Plus w/Graphics Exhibitor.. 79. 



Check aur low prices. Most of 
our prices are the lowest in 

this magazine. If we don't 
already have the lowest price, 

WE mil TRY TO MATCH AND 
BEAT ANY ADYERTISED PRICE"^ 

* "Advertised price" does not include typographical errors on the part of other 
vendors or prices that do not reflect higher shipping costs, credit card charges, 
or membership fees. Final judgement remains with the manager on duty. 



Kraft 

Floppy Disk Notcher 4. 

Kraft Universal 3 Button 

Joystick (//e, //cj 29. 

Laser Computer Inc. 

Laser 128 2 Slot Expansion Box 55. 

Lynn Products Cables (Specify) 13, 

Lynx Computer Turbo Trackball (GS). . .59. 
Maxell 

Maxell 3.5 DS, DD f/Oj 14. 

Maxell 5.25 DS/DD 9. 

Mouse Systems 

Littlemouse APIus 78. 

Littlemouse ADB 78, 

MousTrak 

MousePad 7"x9" Size 8. 

MousePad 9"xir Size 9. 

Norttigate Computer Systems 

OmniMac Ultra Keyboard f//GSj 94, 

Orange County Speaker 

OCS 2-40 (Stereo Amplifier) 125. 

RC Systems Double Talk 183. 



INDEPENDENCE'" 

Seven Hills 



Now you can produce stunning 
300 dot-per-inch text and 
graphics at a fraction of the cost 
of expensive laser printers. In- 
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Packard DeskJet and LaserJet 
printers plus fully-compatibles. 
Works with AppleWorks GS, 
GraphicWriter III, Platinum 
Paint, SuperConvert, and most 
other GS/OS software. Includes 
an extra font disk. Printers 
connect to the IIgs serial port 
(cable required.) 

Suggested Retail $39.95 

Programs Plus Price $23 



Ribbons 

ImageWriter Ribbons available in 
orange, purple.black, blue, brown, 
green, red, yellow or silver 4. 

ImageWriter 11-4 Color Ribbon 9. 

ImageWriter Rainbow Pack 
(6 Colors) 19. 

ImageWriter Ribbon-Black (6 pack) 19. 

Sony Sony 3.5 DS, DD (10) 12. 

Sopris 

Imagewriter II Case Navy, 

Platinum 42. 

Street Electronics 

Echo II (AP & GS) 99. 

Targus Imagewriter II Case Black ...44. 

APPLE COMPATIBLE 
COMPUTERS 

Apple Computer 

IIGS Computer 1MG CPU 799. 

Laser Computer Inc. 

Laser 128 800K 3.5"Drive 

w/Controller 199. 

Laser 128 Cables 

(Parallel, Serial, RGB or f\/fodem) . .13. 

Laser 128 Computer 325. 

Laser 128 Mouse 44. 

Laser 128 System 

w/Amber Monitor ..380. 

Laser 128 System 

w/Color Monitor 490. 

Laser 128EX Computer 369. 

Laser 128EX II Computer f3.5j... .429. 
Laser 128EX II Computer (5.25) ..399. 
Laser RGB Monitor 215. 

BACKUP UTILITIES 

Alpha Logic LockSmith v6.0 33. 

Apple Computer 

GS/OS ybM(GS) 39. 

Central Point Software 

Copy II Plus v9.0 24. 

Glen Bredon 

Dos.Master 23. 

Pro Command 23. 

ProSel 16 f3.5j 53. 

ProSel 8 f5.25j 36. 



Prx^ramsPlus 
1-800-832-3201 



SSI JISS „P"\ v™^ft^% JS 



] Fax: 203-381-9043 
Inquires: 203-378-3662 
Canada: 1-800-344-7753 



i± 



75 RESEARCH DRIVE 

Fm irnnTTii i il STRATFORD, CT 06497 



Circle 128 on Reader Service Card. 



& Phenomenal Prices 



Vitesse, Inc. 

Salvation; Deliverance (GS) 29. 

Salvation: Exorcisor (GS) 24. 

Salvation: Bakkup (GS) 29. 

Salvation: Renaissance (GS) 29. 

Salvation: Suprenne Pack 125. 

Salvation: Wings (GS) ...49. 



BUSINESS SOFTWARE 

Abracadata Everybody's Planner.... 49. 
Actsoft 

Alpha Check Plus 34. 

Alpha Check v3.1 26. 

Beagle Brothers 

AWvS.O Companion 23. 

Beagle Bros. Clip Art 1 (GS) 26. 

Beagle Bros. Desk Accessories fGSj..36. 

Beagle Write 45. 

Beagle Write Desk Accessories 

or Font Pack 1 or 2 26. 

Beagle Write Font Lib. 1 (GS) 31. 

Beagle Write Picture Manager 25. 

Beagle Write (GS) 57. 

GS Font Editor or Program Writer... 29. 

Outliner for Appleworks 3.0 41. 

Superfonts Activity Guide 29. 

Timeout Decision Pak (Graph, 

SpreadTools & SideSpread) 85. 

Timeout Graph 49. 

Timeout MacroEase 23. 

Timeout Periormance Pak 

(DeskTools /, // & PowerPack) 65. 




JOIN THE MUNCHERS 
FOR A MATH ADVENTURE 
With MECC's Number Munchers 
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Munchers are out to make a meal 
of tricky math challenges before 
they become a meal for the 
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counting on your quick thinking 
and math skills to reach the 
Muncher Hall of Fame safely. No 
matter what your age or skill lev- 
el, Number Munchers and Frac- 
tion Munchers are gobbling-good 
fun for the entire family. 

Suggested Retail $39.95 

Programs Plus Price $24 



Timeout QuickSpell 40. 

Timeout ReportWriter 42. 

Timeout SideSpread, FileMaster, 

or DeskTools 30. 

Timeout Style Pak (SuperFonts, 

Thesaurus & FileMaster) .79. 

Timeout SuperFonts 40. 

Timeout SuperForms 39. 

Timeout TextTools 29. 

Timeout Thesaurus, DeskTools II 

or PowerPack 29. 

Timeout UltraMacros 

or SpreadTools 34. 

Big Red Software 

Labels. Labels. Labels 22. 

Broderbund 

Bank Street Writer Plus (AP or C+j. . .47. 
Claris 

AppleWorks v3.Q 168. 

Apple Works fGSjvTI 192. 

Intuit Quicken vl.O 37. 

Manzanita 

BusinessWorks Bundle AP & GS 
(Sys. Manager, G/L. A/P, AIR, 
!nver}tory) 248. 

BusinessWorks Payroll (AP & GS) ..98. 

Meca Software 

Managing Your Money 
m(AP&GS) 88. 

Micca Soft 

Invoicer w/A/R & Sales 

Tracking/Inventory 125. 

Milliken Publishing Medley (GS) . . .74. 

Nolo Press Will Maker v3.0 33. 

Seven Hills Software 

Graphicwriter III (GS) 72. 

Sierra On-Line Smart Money (GS).Ab. 
Stone Edge 

DB Master Professional (AP &GS).. 179. 
Timeworks, Inc. 

Art Portfolio 4 In 1 69. 

Graph It! 43. 

People. Places and Things, 

Design Ideas 25. 

Publish-lt m(AP&GS) 73. 

Swifttax 45. 

Symbols and Slogans, Education 

Graptiics, Font Pack 1 or 2 

(AP&GS) 25, 

WordPerfect Corp. 

WordPerfect (/4P or GSj 104. 



COMMUNICATION 
SOFTWARE 

Applied Engineering ReadyLink 57. 

Beagle Brothers 

Point-to-Point 58. 

TimeOut TeleComm 41. 

Compuserv 

Compuserve Membership Kit 23. 

InSync Preterm 77. 

Morgan Davis Group 

ModemWorks 29. 



DISCOUNTS BY MAIL. Circle the items in our ad you 
want, send the ad in with the coupon below and receive 
$.50 off each item! (subject to the conditions below) 
If Ordering At The Last Minute, Our Air Express Ser- 
vice Can Rush Your Software/Hardware To You. 

I Send Coupon and List of Items Desired To: 
I Discounts By Mail Department 
I Programs Plus, 75 Research Drive, Stratford, CT 06497 

I TO BE ELIGIBLE FOR THE $.50 PER ITEM DISCOUNT YOU MUST: 
I 1. Fill out all items. 2. Send in our ad with the items you desire circled. 



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Foreign orders - $15.00 minimum and 15% of all orders over $100. MasterCard, VISA 
and DISCOVER (please include card no. and expiration date). Connecticut residents 
add 8% sales tax. Prices subject to change without notice. All returns must have a 
return authorization number. Call 203-378-3662 to obtain one before returning goods 
for replacement. Defective merchandise replaced with same item only We do not 
guarantee compatibility All sales are final. 



ProUne 95. 

Softspolcen Crossworks .67. 

DISK DRIVES & 

HARD DISK 
SUB-SYSTEMS 

American Micro Research (Micro Sci) 

A.5 Half Height //Ej 129. 

A.5C Half Height (IIC) 129. 

A5 D Half Heigtit 5.25" Drive 

(lIGS Daisychain) 135. 

AMR 800k Drive w/Controller 215. 

AS800k 3.5 Ext. Drive 168. 

GS Partner: Quick 20MB... 515. 

GS Partner: Quick 40MB 585. 

GS Partner: Quick 60MB 665. 

Apple Computer 

Apple 3.5 Drive (GS&C+j 309. 

Apple 3.5 Unidisk 315. 

Apple 5,25 Drive f//f, GS, C+j ....248. 

High Speed DMA SCSI Card 105. 

Unidisk 3.5 Controller 58. 

Applied Engineering 

AE 3.5" Drive.. 199. 

AE High Density Drive fGSj 152. 



Prc^ramsPlus 
1-800-832-3201 




AE 5.25" Drive 

■ Controller Card for 3.5" Drive 

(lleorIM '.: ....62 

Disk ][ Style Controller Card 49 

Transdrive 360K Dual Drive 289 

Transdrive 360K Single Drive 185 

Transdrive Additional Drive 

(for TD single)., 130 

Vulcan 100 Ueq(AP or GS) 1279 

Vulcan 20 Ubq (AP or GS) , 498 

Vulcan 40 mq(AP orGS) 639 

CMS Enhancements 

20 MB w/SCSI II card 459 

30 MB w/SCSI II card ....492 

60 MB w/SCSI II card 569 

CMS .45 Removable W/A2S 799 

Cartridge for 45 Removable . . .... .99 

SCSI Rom Upgrade 23 

MC20-Classic, lisi .280 

MC40-Classic, lisi 370 

MC100-Classic, lisi 610 

CV Technologies 

Bamfast SCSI Card W/256K Ram ..178 
Laser Computer Inc. 

Laser 128 5.25 Disk Drive.. ..88 

Laser 800KB Drive : 175 

Laser 800KB Drive w/control!er . ..205 



Free Freight - 
Operators 
For Details 



V 




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SUPER SPEED UP YOUR 
IIgs for LESS! 
Patented model 1600 GSX Board 
by Zip Technology has super de- 
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ory and 10 MHz with up-grade kit. 

Suggested Retail $350.00 

Programs Plus Price $249 

Also available: 

4 MHz $98, 

8 MHz $139. 

Universal Disk Controiler 44. 

OmnishQre 

Sider D2 20MB HD 419. 

Sider D4/T40MB HD 789. 

EDUCATIONAL 
SOFTWARE 

AEX. 

Spanish Vocabulary ' ' 
or Spantsh Grammer ,.16. 

7 POINT POLICY 
BENEFITS YOU 



SPECIAL EDITION PRODUCTS 
WITH TEACHER'S GUIDES 
Return of the Dinosaurs: 

Teacher's Edition 39. 

Lab Pack 68. . 

Super Lab Pack 105. 

Excel-A-Read: 

Teacher's Edition ...39. 

Lab Packs.. 89. 

Spanish or French Vocabulary 
& Grammar; 

Teacher's Pack 39. 

Lab Packs 74. 

AEC Management Systems 

Phonics 31. 

U.S. History 16. 

World History 16. 

Activision 

Music Studio v2.0 (GS) .....43. 

Advanced Idea 

Audubon Wildlife Adventures: 

Grizzly Bears (5.25j 32. 

Audubon Wildlife Adventures: 

Whales (5.25) 32. 

Audubon Wildlife Adventures: 

Grizzly BearsfGSj. 38. 

Audubon Wildlife Adventures: 

Whales GS) 38. 

Stars & Planets (GS).... 27. 

Wizards of Words ...25. 

Barron's 

Computer SAT Revised Version .....31. 
Britannica 

Algebra 1: 1st & 2nd Semester 46. 

Algebra 1: 1st or 2nd Semester 27. 

Designasaurus or Revolution (3.5) .21. 

Spellicopter... 22. 

Broderbund 

Geometry fj.5} ;...49. 

. fVlcGee or Katie's Farm (3.5) 25. 

Playroom 24. 

Playroom fMy^Cj..... ....29. 



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1. VISA, MASTERCARD or DISCOVER 
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charged until we ship. 

2. If we send a partial order, there's no 
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3. All shipments insured at no extra 
charge. 

4. No sales tax charged for out of state 
shipments. 

5. COD maximum $1,000, cash or certi- 
fied check. COD orders ship via UPS 
Blue Label unless UPS Ground delivers 
next day. 

,6. 120-day limited warranty on all prod- 
ucts. Defective software replaced imme- 
diately. Defective hardware repaired or 
replaced at our discretion. Prices sub- 
ject to change without notice. All items 
subject to availability. 
7, Corporate and school purchases ac- 



cepted, based on credit approval. To 
submit purchase orders, call our busi- 
ness office at 203-378-1926 or 800-832- 
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• Continental U.S. Add $7.00 minimum 
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We sell more Apple II 
Software than anyone else! 

Mac IX) (has Series n card) 
MacQassic 240 
MacnSI • MacnCI • MacHFX 



CALL 




Science Tool Kit Module I or tl 25. 

Science Tool Kit Master Module ....49. 

Type! 17. 

Where in Europe 

is Carmen Sandiego? {AP or C+j ..21. 
Where in the USA 

is Carmen Sandiego? ....27. 

Where in the USA 

is Carmen Sandiego? (6Sj ........29. 

Where in the World 

is Carmen Sandiego? 25. 

Where in the World 

is Carmen Sandiego? (GS) 29. 

Where in Time 

is Carmen Sandiego? {AP or C+) .21. 
Computeach 

Stepping Stones 1 &2 29. 

Studymate-The Grade 

Booster (3.5 or 5.25) 26. 

Davidson & Associates 

Alge-Blaster ?\\\s{AP orGS) 28. 

Math Blaster Plus (AP or GS) 

or Grammer Gremlins 28. 

Math Blaster Plus (GS) 28. 

Read ¥ Roll 29. 

Reading & Me 25. 

Speed Reader II 

(Consumer Version) 25. 

Speed Reader II (School Version)... 42. 
Spell-It Plus (AP or GS) or 

Math Blaster Mystery (AP or C+} . .29. 
Talking Math & Me (GS) 

or Talking Reading & Me (GSj 28. 

Word Attack Plus (AP or GS) 29. 

Word Attack Plus 

Spanish or French 29. 

Fisher Price 

I Can Remember 

or Firehouse Rescue 9. 

Little People Bowling 9. 

Gametek 

School Bus Driver or 

Chutes & Ladders 9. 

Grade Busters Corp. 

Grade Busters 1,2,3 69. 

Great Waves Software 

Kidstime II (GS) 22. 

Learning Company 

Magic Spells (5.5 or 5.25J 

or Gertrudes Secrets (3.5j 22. 

Math Rabbit (5.5 or 5.25) 22. 

Reader Rabbit (5.25) 22. 



1-8(X>832-3201 




Talking Reader Rabbit (3.5j 32. 

Think Quick (3.5 or 5.25) 

or Writer Rabbit (3.5 or 5.25) 29. 

Writing and Publishing 

Center (3.5 or 5.25j 31. 

IVIECC 

Arithmetic Critters (3.5 or 5.25) ... .22. 
Calendar Crafter 

Home Edition (3.5) 29. 

Calendar Crafter 

School Edition (3.5) 38. 

Counting Critters (3.5 or 5.25) 22. 

First Letter Fun (3.5 or 5.25) 24. 

Fraction Munchers (3.5 or 5.25) ...24. 

Fun from A to Z (3.5 or 5.25) 24. 

Number Munchers or Word Munchers 

(3.5 or 5.25) special 24. 

Oregon Trail or Patterns 

(3.5 or 5.25) 22. 

Paint with Words (5.25) 24. 

Spellevator (3.5 or 5.25) 24. 

USA Geograph (3.5) 

or World Geograph (3.5) 49. 

Milliken Putilistiing 

The Story Teller (GS only) 32. 

Mindscape Crossword Magic 33. 

Orange Cherry 

Addition & Subtraction, ABC's, 

Speller, Clock or Money 38, 

Animals, Dinosaurs, Numbers, 

First Writer, First Reader 38, 

Childrens Newspaper Maker (GS),..38. 
Jungle Safari 

or Talking First Words (6S) 38. 

School Bus, Alpha Chimp, Colors & 

Shapes, Reading Railroad 38. 

Talking Multiplication & 

Division (£?S) 38. 

Talking Speller II (GS) 38. 

Queue 

Dinosaur Days 21. 

Pacemaker Gold Edition 31. 

Kidwriter (5.25) 25. 

Kidwriter Gold Edition (3.5) 39. 

Sensible Software 

Report Card II (/IP & 6S) 37. 

Sensible Grammar (AP & GS) 52. 

Simon & Schuster 

Typing Tutor \y(APorGS) 26. 

Software Tooiworks 

Mavis Beacon Typing (5.25) 25. 

Mavis Beacon Typing (3.5) 31. 



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Canada: 1-800-344-7753 

75 RESEARCH DRIVE 
STRATFORD, CT 06497 



Circle 128 on Reader Service Card. 



Software for Apple & M; 




TEXT SCANNING SOFTWARE 
InWords by WestCode is OCR 

software for the Apple He and 
IIgs. With InWords and a hand- 
held scanner, you can scan in vir- 
tually any printed information - 
articles, books, contracts, lesson 
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your word processor, data base, 
spreadsheet or desktop publish- 
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Mavis Beacon Typing (MAC) 32. 

Terrapin Logo Plus 75. 

TimeWorks, Inc. 

Evelyn Wood: Dynamic Reader 25. 

Weekly Reader 

New Talking Alphabet f3.5j 27. 

New Talking Opposites (3.5) 

or Sentence Fun {3.5} 27. 

New Talking Shapes f5.5j 

or Spelling Rules f5.5; 27. 

StickyBear Punctuation (5.25) 27 

StickyBear Vocabulary f5. 25) 27 

StickyBear Series: 

Full Line Available CALL 

ENTERTAINMENT 
SOFTWARE 

Accolade 

4th & Inches (GS}o\ Fastbreak 27. 

Bubble Ghost (GS) 21. 

California 

or European Challenge (GS) 15. 

Cycles fM/IO 31. 

Grand Prix Circuit fGSj 27 

lshidofM4Cj 34. 

Jack Nicklaus 1990 Courses (GS) ..15. 
Jack Nicklaus Course Disk 

Vol. 1 or2fGSj ....15. 

Jack Nicklaus GolffGSj CALL 

Jack Nicklaus Golf fM>4Cj CALL 

Jack Nicklaus Course 

Vol. IVfGSj 15. 

Jack Nicklaus Course 

Vol. \^{MAC) 15. 

Mean 18 (GSj, Hardball (GS), 27 



Muscle Cars or Supercars (GSj.....15. 

Serve and Volley (GSj 25. 

StrategofAMQ 31. 

Test Drive II (GS) 28. 

Test Drive II (MAC) 29. 

Third Courier fGSj 30. 

Sky Travel (>1P & GSj 30. 

Artworx 

Bridge 6.0 (AP or GS) 

or Strip Poker II (GSj 25. 

Kaleidokubes fGSj 14. 

BlueLion 

Ticket to Hollywood or London 25. 

Ticket to Spain .25. 

Ticket to Washington D.C 28. 

Britannica 

Gnarly GolffGSj 17. 

Great Western Shoot-Out (GSj 17. 

JigSaw (GSj 23. 

Laser Force fGSj 17. 

Task Force fGSj 23. 

Broderbund 

Ancient Art of War .28. 

Ancient Art of War at Sea 28. 

Centauri Alliance 

or Jam Sessions fGSj 30. 

The Dark Heart of UukruL . 30. 

VCR Companion ....30. 

Wings of Fury (AP & GS) 

or Prince of Persia 22. 

ByteWorks Ugly Duckling fGSj 25. 

California Dreams 

Block Out (GSj 26. 

Tunnels of Armageddon (GS) 26. 

Vegas Gambler (GS) 26. 

Casady & Greene 

Crystal Quest. fGSj 29. 

Cinemaware 

Star Saga 1 (APor.GS) 

or Star Saga 2 fGSj 32. 

Compu-Teach 

Once Upon a Time 26. 

Once Upon A Time (GS) 

or Once Upon A Time II fGSj 33. 

Puppet Playhouse (AP, C+ orMAC)..2Q. 

See the U.S.A 26. 

Datasoft 

Hunt for Red October f>^P oy GSj ...21. 
Electronic Arts 

Bards Tale fGSj 14. 

Bards Tale II 14. 

Bards Tale III 

or John Madden Football ....31. 

Cartooners (GS), Bards Tale II fGSj 20. 

Earl Weaver Baseball 14. 

Instant Synthesizer fGSj 32. 

Marble Madness (GS) 14. 

Skate or Die fGSj 14. 

The Immortal fGSj .32. 

Zany Golf fGSj. .....26. 

FTL 

Dungeon Master fGSj 23. 

OIDSI (MAC) 25. 

GameTek 

Double Dare or Press Your Luck 9. 

Infocom 

Battle Tech 19. 



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Journey..... .19. 

ShoGun or Zork Zero .12. 

Interplay 

Battle Chess 27. 

Battle Chess fGSj ■ • . : ' 

or DragonWarsf/lP&6Sj.: 29. 

Neuromancer (GS) 14. 

Interstel Empire 26. 

Leisure Genius 

Clue. Risk, or Scrabble 26. 

Lucasfiim Gaines 

Maniac Mansion " 15. 

Pipe Dream 17. 

Meibourne 

Quarterback f/lP orGSj 14. 

War in Middle Earth fGSj 27. 

Micro League Sports 
Micro League Baseball 

w/General Manager & Stats 24. 

IMicro Revelations Xenocide fGSj ..28. 

Microiiiusions Firepower fGSj 21. 

Microprose 

F-15 Strike Eagle 12. 

Pirates fGSj : ,.26. 

IVIiies Computing, Inc. 

Questmaster 22.' 

Questmaster fGSj 26. 

Mindscape 

Balance of Power 1990 fGSj 32. 

Gauntlet fGSj 12. 




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scanner that's Inwords OCR Soft- 
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Hostage (GS) 

or Captain Blood fGS) 26. 

New World Computing 

Kings Bounty 26. 

Might & Magic 18. 

Might & Magic II 32. 

Origin Systems 

Space Rogue. Knights of Legend 

or Qmqz(APorGS), 30." 

Times of Lore (AP & GS) 

or WindWalker 25. 

Ultinna IV, Ultima V 37, 

Ultima Trilogy (I, II & HI) 37/ 

WindWalker (GS) 25. 

Polarware Transylvania 3 fGS) 15. 

Ready.Soll Space Ace fGSj 33;. 

Sierra On-Line 
Gold Rush (AP or GS) 

or Black Cauldron fGS) 25. 

Kings Quest I, II, ill or IV 29. 

Kings Quest I, II, HI or iVfGSj 29. 

Leisure Suit Larry f/lP orGS) 25. 

ManHunter New York (AP Of GS) 

-or Police (^U2S\ (AP or GS} 29. 

.•Mother (^oosQ (AP or GS) 19.. 

Space Quest i 

or.Space Quest I! (GS) . 
Thexder (AP or GS) 

or Silpheed (GS) . 
Sir-Tecti Software 
Wizardry Trilogy (includes I. II, 
Software Toolworks 

Chessmaster 2100 .....26. 

Chessmaster 2100 fGS) 31 

Cribbage/Gin King (GS) 25, 

Keef the Thief (GS)...,. .....14. 

Life and Death fGSj ...33. 

Spectrum Holobyte 

Solitaire Royale fGSj.... 20.. 

Tetris f^/' & GSj =23. 

Strategic Simulations 
AD&D Champions Krynn 

or Overrun 32 

AD&D Pool of Radiance 30. 

Curse of the Azure Bond (GS) 33.^ 

War of Lance ..27J 

SSG 

Gold of the Americas fGSj .'...28. 

Gold of the Americas fM>5Cj 32, 

Halls of Montezuma (GS) 29 

Halls of Montezuma fM/4G;...; 26, 

Panzer Battles fGSj 32. 

Panzer Battles f/W>^Gj 32 

Reach for the Stars fGSj 28, 

-Reach for the Stars fM.4Cj ..32= 

Rommel fM/lGj ............. 

Victory Software 
2088: The Cryllan Mission: 
The Second Scenario 



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Suggested Retail $295. 

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;2G88: The Crylian Mission (GS) .....32. 

Secrets of Bharas...; .......36. 

Walt Disney 

Mickey's Crossword Puzzle Maker.. 24. 

GRAPHICS 
PACKAGES 

ata 

fchitecture Library 1, 2. 3 

' •Q(4(APorGS)... .........19. 

Design Your Own Home: 
^ Architecture .......... swciAi 47. 

' Interiors (5.5j snmi 47. 

Landscape (3.5). .... . . . . .special 47. 

Architecture (5.25)........, smun 37. 

Interiors (5.25) ..snawi 37. 

Landscape (5.25) ......... .snam 37. 

Design Your Own Home: (MAC) 
.Architecture, Interiors, Landscape ...59. 
Design Your Own Railroad . . . . . . . . . .32. 

Design Your Own Train .32. 

Electronic Drawing 32, 

Interiors Library 1, 2 (AP or GS) .... 19. 

Landscape Library 1 .........19. 

Baucfville 

816/Paint 42. 

Award Maker P\\is (AP 8. GS) ,28. 

Beagfe Brotfiers 

■ Beagle Draw (GSj ..........53. 

Platinum Paint fGSj 58; 

Berkeley Geoworks 

GEO Publish..... 58. 

GEOS V2.1, GEOCalc 
or GEOFile 43. 



Big Red Software 

PS Lover's.Utility M(3.5) 26. 

PS Lover's Utility Set (5.25j 26. 

Broderbund 

Bannermania (/^P or GSj 22. 

Dazzle Draw 33. 

New Print Sho\) (AP or C+) 29. 

New Printstiop Graptiics Party (AP).. 22. 
New Printshop Graphics Party (C+).AB. 
New Printshop Graphics 

Sampler Ed. (AP) 19. 

New Printshop Graphics 

Sampler Ed. fC+j 19. 

New Printshop School & 

Business Ed. C>4P or GS).. 19. 

Print Shop Companion 

(GS Specific) 29. 

Print Shop Graphics Library 

Party Edition fGSj 19, 

Print Shop Graphics Library 

Sampler Edition fGSj 19. 

PrintShopfGS; 30. 

Creative Pursuits 

Clip-Art for Writing & Publishing Center 

Combo Pack (AP) 48. 

Holiday Disk (AP) 20, 

Nature Disk W 20. 

People, Places Disk (AP) 20. 

Eclat Fractal Explorer (AP or GS) . . .26, 

Electronic Arts 

DeluxeWrite w/OeluxePaint II fGS}.. 26. 
El Kassir Software 

COLOR +f6S;.. 42. 

Supergraphix H (GS) 52, 

Hitech Super Mario Print Kit 13, 

Orange Cherry 

Super GS Award Maker 49. 

Roger Wagner 

Graphic Exchange (GS) .......29. 

Hyper Studio f6S> 82. 

Saddleback My Paint /GSj 32. 

Seven Hills Software 

Font Factory fGSj ....22. 

SuperConvert fGS;.... 22. 

So What Software iconix (GS) 26. 

Spinnaker 

Certificate Maker ..24. 

Certificate Maker Library #1 19. 

Nevysroom 19. 

Newsroom Clip Art Collection 

Vol 1.2 or 3 14. 

Triad Venture 
GDL Graphic Disk Labeier 

(GSv2.0) 24. 

The HYPERSTUFF Collection: 

Cliptunes .,.25. 

GlipartPius 25. 

VersaCAD Corp. CADapple (3.5).. m. 



^ MODEMS 
& MONITORS 

Anchor Automation 2400E ........ 129 

Apple Computer 

Apple Color Composite Monitor ...325. 



Apple GS Color Monitor 454. 

Applied Engineering 

DataLink Express (ext. 2400).... CMl. 

DataLink Express w/MNP 5 ......CALL. 

DL-X W/MNP-5 & 

Send FAX Option (GSj 230. 

DataLink Modem 2400B 

(IntAP&GS) 158- 

Datalink LC Modem w/Send FAX ..260. 
iiayes Microcomputing 

Hayes 2400 SmartModem 335. 

Practical Peripherals 

Practical Modem 1200 SA Mini 80. 

Practical Modem 2400 MNP 219. 

Practical Modem 2400 SA 185. 

Prometheus 

Pro Modem 2400A Internal 

w/Software 122. 

Supra Corporation 

SupraModem 2400 

(Hayes Compatibie) 99. 

U.S. Robotics 

Courier HST 9600 599. 

PRINTER 
INTERFACES 

Apple Computer 

Apple Super Serial Card 105. 

Applied Engineering 

Parallel Pro 74. 

Serial Pro 97. 

Orange Micro 

Grappler 9 pin 79. 

Grappler P\u$(APStGS) 69. 

Seven Hilts Software 

Independence (GS) srecuu. 23. 

SMT 

Envoy 53. 

No Slot Clock 29. 

Print Tech II 29. 

Thirdware 

Finger Print GSi verlll (Indudes 

Desktop Accessorie$-GS) 83. 

Finger Print Plus (Parallel, Serial, 

or ImageWriter II) 83. 

Upgrade M (Fingerprint 1 8^ II) 29. 

Vitesse, Inc. Harmonie V2.0 (GS)...29. 

Xetec Inc. 

Superwriter 924 (GS, C+ C) 44. 



PRINTERS 

Apple Computer ImageWriter II.... 455. 
Brother M1109-AP Printer 179. 

SCANNERS 
AND SOFTWARE 

Digital Vision 

ComputerEyes (GS) ..193. 

ComputerEyes f//f) 99. 

ComputerEyes fM/IC //; 348. 

Thunderware 

Lightningscan (GS) swcwl 194. 

Thunderscan(y4P&GSj......-....139. 

Thunderscan b.d(MAC) 169. 

Vitesse, Inc. 

Quickie (AP &GS) special 191. 

Quickie Update 80. 

WestCode Inwords specml 77. 

UTILITIES 
AND LANGUAGES 

Absoft AC/BASIC fGSj 79. 

ByteWorks 

ORCA C w/Learn to Program 119. 

ORCA/DeskTop fGSj 34. 

ORCA/C (GS) 79. 

GRCA/Design Master (GS) 49. 

ORCA/Disassembler f6S) 32. 

ORCAylVl Assembler (GSj ...39. 

ORCA/Pasca! fGSj 80. 

ORCA/Pascal w/Leam to Program ..119. 
iVIicoi Systems 

Micol Advanced Basic HE 59. 

Micol Advanced Basic (GS) v3.0 ...89. 
Morgan Davis Group MD-Basic . . .25. 
Roger Wagner 

Macro Mate (GSj 35. 

Merlin bm(AP&GS) 75. 

Softswitch (GSj 34. 

Seven Hilis Software 

Disk ^ccess (GS only) 32. 

So What Software 

Call-Box (GS) 69. 

Disc Commander f6S; 29. 

Hyper Launch fGSj v3.0 35. 

SonixfGSj 34. 

Zedcor ZBasic v4.21 39. 



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Hard-Disk Drives Made Easy: Part 5 



IT PAYS TO BE 

ORGANIZED 





o doubt about it — 
a hard -disk drive 
represents no small 
investment of your 
hard-earned cash. 
Getting more for 
your money isn't just a matter of carefiil bai^n 
hunting, though. Once you take that hard drive 
home, making your venture pay off may depend 
on how well you understand the way ProDOS or 
GS/OS — your computer's operating system, or 
system software — organizes your program and 
data files on disk. If you ignore the system soft- 
ware's hierarchkal file structure (HFS), you'll use only 
a fraction of your hard disk's storage capacity. 

If you've installed GS/OS on your hard drive 
(see "The Wizard of OS," April 1991, p. 53, for 
details) and used the Fmder to examine the con- 
tents of your disk, you've probably noticed a 
number of file-folder icons on screen. (Or if 
you're familiar with the Macintosh, you know 
that machine's operating system is similar in 
form and fimction. See "Family Ties: A Striking 
Resemblance in System Software," February 



Don't let your hard 
drive's speed and 
convenience go to 
waste — follow your 
operating system's 
own file structure 
to manage your 
data effectively 
and efficiently. 



By Gary R. Morrison 
and Walker Archer 



1991, p. 52.) So the HFS concept isn't new, really 
— it's analogous to an older method of organi- 
zation that's quite familiar to all of us. After all, 
you wouldn't stuff papers randomly into a file 
drawer. You'd sort them first — alphabetically, or 
by topic — in separate folders so that you could ; 
find them easily again. GS/OS uses this 
metaphor to illustrate its organizational system. 
(ProDOS' system is similar; ProDOS files are { 
grouped under subdirectory names instead of t 
file-folder icons.) Just as a file cabinet can 
contain several folders organized by topic, a hard 
drive can store information in subdirectories 
(ProDOS) or folders (GS/OS) containing similar 
files grouped together. 

A PATH TO YOUR DOOR 

GS/OS and ProDOS disks, both floppy and 
hard, are also known as volumes. If you've sub- 
divided your hard drive, each partition is a 
separate volume, as well. When you format a 
disk, you give it a name. Each volume is identi- 
fied by a beginning slash — /APPLEWORKS, 
/DICT, /PAINT, for example. If you don't choose C 



Illustration # Chris Spollen 



May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 57 




a name, most (li ive-foi matting progtTim 
will assign one as a default. For instance, 
the GS/OS Advanced Disk Utilities \vill 
assign the name /LNl FI LEDl to the 
first partition of any dri\ e for Avhich von 
neglect to specify a name. (See part ■\, 
"Offtiie Beaten Track/' Mai ch 1991, p. 88, 




for more 
on Ibnnatting 
and partitioning.) 
When \ on format 
a chsk, the operating s\ stem also sets 
aside an area on the disk for the \o\- 
ume's duviiory — a listing of names and 



si/es of files stored on disk. GS/OS and 
lYoDOS stoie data on anv disk according 
to a filename that is at least one letter 
long and can ha\ e as manv as 15 letters, 
niiml^ers, or periods (just as long as it 
starts with a letter). If vou*\e ever created 
a new file with AppleWorks, for instance. 



Getting Around in GS/OS 



/SYSTEM.DISK 



PRODOS 



BASIC.LAUrsrCHER 
BASIC.5YSTEM 




Similar to B-bit ProDOS CPS below] only in that it's the first file executed when you boot GS/OS. Unlike 
ProDOS 8. this file is only a small part of the operating system ~ it merely starts things off. 

Used by the Finder to launch ProDOS 8 BAS or BIN files from GS/OS. 

Run to access the Applesoft BASIC interpreter Contains only a small part of the language; the rest 
resides in ROM [read-only memory]. Primary function is to provide a file I/O tinput/ouptput) interface 
between ProDOS and BASIC. Without this file in memory you can't use file I/O commands such as 
CATALOG and OPEN. 



/SYSTEM.DISK/SYSTEM 



START.G5.0S 

GS.OS 

GS.OS.DEV 



ERROR.MSG 

EXPRESSLOAD 

START 

P8 



Contain the primary routines GS/OS uses. START, GS.OS is second part of GS/OS bootstrap 
process; called directly by PRODOS file. You can launch START GS.OS directly from ProDOS 8 to get 
into GS/OS [not recommended). When GS/OS boots it assumes the computer is either being reset 
or powered on; if any interrupt processes are still installed when GS/OS starts up. the result 
could be a crash with dtre consequences. 

Contains GS/OS error messages. 

Contains additional routines for fast loading of disk files. 

Finder program. When GS/OS starts up, it looks for any S1S-type (GS/OS system file) program named 
START in this subdirectory. If it finds one it will automatically launch it at boot time. 

ProDOS 8 PRODOS file; launches ProDOS 8 applications. 



/SYSTEM. DISK/SYSTEM/FSTS/ Contains file system translators. GS/OS can't perform lower-level operating-system 
tasks, such as reading from and writing to disks itself. Instead it looks for driver and FST programs to do the work for it. 
GS/OS includes an FST that can read and write ProDOS disks, as well as one that can input from and output to any device 
that deals with data character by character, such as a printer or modem. A GS running GS/OS could write to or read 
disks for any operating system, if someone would write a Mac or MS-OOS FST. or send to and receive information from any 
kind of device. An FST that retrieves data from a CD-ROM disc in standard High Sierra format is already available. 



PRO.FST 
CHAR.FST 



ProDOS file system translator 

File system translator for character devices, such as modems and printers, 



/SYSTEM. DISK/SYSTEM/DRIVERS/ Contains drivers for specific devices; takes care of the low-level requests from 
GS/OS. such as reading and writing blocks to and from disk. Drivers describe to GS/OS exactly how to use the particular 
device for which they were written. Modular driver design lets you connect many different kinds of computer equipment to 
GS; any software that makes standard GS/OS calls can use it. 



APPLEDISK3.5 
CONSOLE. DRIVER 
MODEM 

PRINTER.SETUP 




Apple 3.5-inch disk driver 
Text screen and keyboard driver 
GS modem-port driven 
Default settings for GS/OS print manager 



APPLEDISK5.25 
IMAGEWRITER 
PRINTER 



Apple 5.25-inch disk driven 
ImageWnter printer driver 
GS printer-port driver 



/SYSTEM. DISK/SYSTEM/SYSTEM. SETUP/ Contains files for initialization (preparing computer for GS/OS) at boot time. 



TOQL.SETUP 

TS2 

TS3 



Loads tools that patch ROM for different GS computers. 
Tool patches for ROM 01 computers. 
Tool patches for ROM 03 computers. 



58 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Hard-Disk Drives: Part 5 



you'll recall typing in a filename, which 
ProDOS then used to identify the file 
when storing it on the disk drive and 
finding it later when you wanted to load 
it again. 

A pathname is a complete listing of the 
volume name and subdirectories that 



lead to a particular file. Pathnames are 
similar to the directions you might give 
for finding the local post office — left on 
Main Street, two blocks to Second Street, 
then left on Lincoln. If you're using a 
ProDOS-based application such as 
AppleWorks, you may need to type path- 



names during operations such as print- 
ing files to disk or creating a word- 
processor (or spreadsheet or database) 
file from an ASCII file. If you're running 
1 6-bit programs on your GS, you're 
somewhat more insulated from subdirec- 
tory names and pathnames because of 



RESOURCE.MGR 

SYS.RESOURCES 
CDEV.INIT 



Contains GS/OS routines for handling new forked file resource format. 
Must be located here or GS/DS will fail to boot. 

Contains resources used by GS/OS tools and desktop-based Control Panel. 

Installs the CDEVs used by desktop control panel futilities for desktop accessed 
via Control PanelL 



/SYSTEM. DISK/SYSTEM/DESK.ACCS/ Contains desk-accessory utilities you access within applications: CDAs (classic desk 
accessories!, text-based utilities accessed from any program via Open apple/Control/Escape key sequence; and NDAs (new 
desk accessories), graphics-based utilities accessed only within programs adhering to desktop interface via Apple menu. 



CTLPANEL.NDA 



Allows access to Control Panel CDEVs. 



/SYSTEM. DISK/SYSTEM/TOOLS/ Contains disk-based tool sets in addition to CS ROM tool sets; used to program pull- 
down menus and windows. With code to produce windows and menus provided by Apple, developers can utilize a standard user 
interface without writing it themselves. 



T00L014 


Window-manager tool. 


^^^^ TDOL015 


Menu-manager tool. 


T00L016 


Control-manager tool. 


TOOL018 


QuickDraw auxiliary tool. 


T00L019 


Print-manager tool. 


TOOL020 


Line-edit tool, 


T00L021 


Dialog-manager tool. 


TOOLQ22 


Scrap-manager tool. 


T00L023 


Standard-file tool. 


TOOLOaS 


Note-synthesizer tool. 


T00L026 


Note-sequencer tool, 


TOaL027 


Font-manager tool. 


T00LQ28 


List-manager tool. ^^^^^^^^^ 


^^^^^ TOOL034 


Text-edit tool, ^^^^^ 



/SYSTEM.DISK/SYSTEIM/COEVS/ 




Contains Control Panel devices for standard GS features; used by CTLPAniEL.NDA to 
provide graphics interface to Control Panel. 



Sets language for display. 

Sets general system features. 

Sets modem-port parameters. _ 

Sets mouse parameters. 

Sets RAM-disk and disk-cache sizes. 

Sets volume and pitch parameters. 

List of Control Panel parameters. 



OIRECTCONNECT 
KEYBOARD 
MONITOR 
PRINTER 
SLOTS 
. TIME 



Selects direct-connect printers. 
Sets keyboard parameters. 
Sets monitor parameters such as colors. 
Sets printer-port parameters. 
Sets slot parameters. 
Sets internal clock. 



/SYSTEM.DISK/SYSTEM/FONTS/ 


Contains all system fonts available when using desktop-based programs. 


NNN.10 

FASTFONT 

FONTLISTS 


Example: NNN is name of font family; number is point size. 

Contains routines to speed up normal text drawing on machines with more than 512K of RAM, 
List maintained by GS/DS at boot time; lets fonts load into memory fast. 


/SYSTEM.DISK/ICONS/ 


Contains all icons used by Finder. 


FINDER.ICONS 

FINDER.ICONS.X 

FTYPE.MAIN 

FTYPE.MAIN.AUX ^^^^^ 


Minimum set of Finder Icons. 

Additional Finder icons when system has more than 512K of RAM, 
Minimum set of filetype names used by Finder. 

Additional filetype names used by Finder when system has more than 51 2K of RAM. 


/SYSTEM.DISK/APPLETALK/ 


Contains no files currently; can contain files to let OS/OS use AppleTalk network. 



May 1991 • inCider/A-H • 59 




the system's simple mouse-controlled 
iconic interface — with much more 
pointing-and-clicking than typing — but 
you may still need to be aware of path- 
names when using a disk-management 
program such as EasyDrive or ProSel. 

Let's look at the GS/OS system disk 
itself, or your hard drive if youVe already 
installed GS/OS, to see a good example 
of hierarchical file structure in action. (If 
you compare the GS/OS files with the 
ProDOS system disk, you'll be amazed at 
the difference: ProDOS consists simply of 
the files ProDOS and BASIC.SYSTEM.) 

Figure 1 shows the GS/OS system 
disk's main volume directory and sub- 
directories. (See the accompanying side- 



bar, "Get- 
ting Around 
in GS/OS.") Apple 
could have designed 
the operating system with all files in the 
System subdirectory. Imagine how con- 
fusing your drive would be with all the 
font files and desk-accessory files, for 
instance, grouped together. By placing all 
fonts in one subdirectory and desk acces- 
sories in another, you can easily add or 
delete files of each kind without search- 
ing through a long listing of all types of 
system files. 

Note that the full pathname for the 
Start file on the system disk is /System 
.Disk/System/Start, Because /System.Disk 



.OS.OS 
G8.08 
Error. Msg 



I 



.Pro.FST 

Char.Fst 



ExpreasLoad 



t ^AppleDlskS.S 

ApploDlsk9.e9 
ImageWriter 

System.Satup 

I ^Ibol.Setup 

TS2 
TS3 

Reaource.Mgr 



.Inlt 
CtlPaneLNDA 



TboIs 



1bol014 

7taol015 
ToolOIB 
1bol018 



Koyboard 



P8 



I 



_Courler.10 

Courier.12 
Geneva. 10 
1.10 



Finder.lcona 



FType.Aux 
Ftype. 

ApplaUlk 
BAOIC.Launcher 
BASIC.SYSTEM 



Figure 1. GS/OS system-disk file structure Cpertia) listing). 



is the first name in the path and begins 
with a slash, you can identify it as the 
name of the volume directory. From the 
volume directory, you enter the System 
subdirectory; lastly you see the name of 
a particular file, Start. Similarly, the full 
pathname for the 10-point Times font is 
/System. Disk/System/Fonts/Times. 10. 
Each pair of names (remember, subdirec- 
tories follow all filename rules) is separ- 
ated by a slash. Each time you open a 
folder with the Finder, you add a sub- 
directory's name to the pathname. 

As you can see, those "directions" can 
get pretty lengthy. A prefix is a way of 
getting aroimd typing in a file's fuU path- 
name. It's similar to a prefix in the 
phone system. In New Hampshire, for 
example, the area code is set to 603, so 
that you don't need to enter 603 before 
dialing another New Hampshire number. 

Similarly, you can set a prefix to 
represent a partial pathname, such as 
/System.Disk/System/, making it easier to 
access files on disk. How so? When you 
use a hierarchical file system such as 
ProDOS or GS/OS, you use only one 
group of files at a time. That is, you may 
be working currently on the files in the 
/System.Disk subdirectory, perhaps in the 
/System.Disk/System subdirectory, or 
even in the /System. Disk/System/Drivers 
subdirectory. The active pathname is 
called a prefix because the operating 
system assumes automatically that part of 
the pathname is at the beginning of any 
filename you type. 

Under ProDOS, you can tell what the 
active prefix is by typing PREFIX at the 
BASIC prompt, or you can set the prefix 
yourself — to /Pathname, say — by 
typing PREFIX /PATHNAME. When 
you boot your Apple II under GS/OS 
or ProDOS, the operating system uses 
the pathname of the boot disk as the 
current prefix. 

If you're using a GS and type CATA- 
LOG at the BASIC prompt after you 
boot from the system disk, you'll see this 
short listing: 

BASICLAUNCHER 

PRODOS 

APPLETALK 

ICONS 

SYSTEM 

BASIC.SYSTEM 



BO • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



/System. Disk/System 
Start.GS.OS 
GS.OS 
Error. Msg 
FSTS 

Ex press Load 

System. Setup 

Start 

Tools 

CDevs 

Fonts 

P8 



Figure 2. Files in System directory. 

To see the longer listing in Figure 
2, for example, first type PREFIX 
/SYSTEM.DISK/SYSTEM to set your 
active prefix to that subdirectory. To see 
a list of fonts, make the path to the Fonts 
file your active prefix by typing PREFIX 
/SYSTEM.DISK/SYSTEM/FONTS, then 
CATALOG. 

You can use the prefix more liberally in 
GS/OS, compared with its limited role in 
ProDOS, but you can't control prefixes 
from BASIC as you can in ProDOS. 
GS/OS refers to as many as 33 different 
pathnames by a numeric shorthand: 
Each is tagged with a number from zero 
to 32, or the asterisk character. The 
asterisk always refers to the pathname of 
the boot disk: /System.Disk/System if you 
boot from a floppy, perhaps /Harddisk 
/System if you boot finom your hard drive. 
Prefix /O is the default prefix, like the 
single active pathname prefix in 
ProDOS. Prefixes /I and /9 identify the 
pathname of the current application, and 
certain others are reserved, as well. So it's 
best not to mess with prefix numbers, 
which you can't do from BASIC anyway. 
(You'd have to use the GS/OS machine- 
language interface.) 

You can't follow it from BASIC, but 
GS/OS also keeps track of the various 
devices available — such as hard, floppy, 
and CD-ROM drives — by assigning 
each a number when GS/OS is booted. 
You can find the device number of any 
drive on the Where page of the Icon Info 
window in GS/OS: Just highlight a disk 
or file in the Finder and press Open 
apple-I. You can also see the full path- 
name of any file, with subdirectory 
names separated by colons. 

THE OUTER LIMITS 

So just how does HFS protect your 
investment in mass storage? 
Initially, your system software sets aside 



enough space to store information for 
only 51 filenames or subdirectory names. 
This area, a subdirectory in itself, is 
usually called the volume directory, or root 
directory. As a result, if you have a 20- 
megabyte hard drive and store 51 Apple- 
Works word-processing files, you'll "fill" 
the drive (even if each file is only one 
page long) — but not because all the 
space on the hard drive is gone. Your 
hard disk is full only because you've 
taken up all the space the operating 
system has allowed for filenames. 

Fortunately, HFS and its subdirectory 
scheme provide a way to use aU the space 
on your drive. Unlike a volume, a sub- 
directory can hold an unlimited number 
of filenames or additional subdirectories, 
subject only to the maximum total storage 
capacity of your hard disk. (And you can 
even create one or more subdirectories in 
the volume directory to go beyond its 5 1- 
file limit.) You'U then be storing your files 
in subdirectories (ProDOS) or folders 
(GS/OS) instead of the volume directory. 

For example, you might use subdirec- 
tories to separate different kinds of pro- 
grams on your hard drive: One might be 
GAMES, whUe another might be named 
BUSINESS. You might also use separate 
subdirectories to oi^anize data files pro- 
duced by different programs. It might be 
a good idea to keep correspondence 
created in AppleWorks in a subdirectory 
named AW.LETTERS; within it you 
might have additional subdirectories for 
business, home, and Christmas letters. 

Subdirectories are easy to set up for 
your own program and data files. If 
you're using a ProDOS-based program, 
it probably includes an option like ^pie- 
Works' Create Subdirectirry under the Other 
Activities menu; in 16-bit GS programs, 
look for an option to create a new folder 
from the Finder. 

Apple's innovative hierarchical file struc- 
ture gives you the means to stay organized 
with very litde effort — and helps ensure 
that in terms of speed, convenience, and 
storage capacity, your well-considered 
purchase will soon pay for itself. □ 

Wrthe to Gary Morrison and Walker ARCHEai 
do inCweh/A-\-, Peterborough, NH 03458. 



To YOU IT'S 
GEOGRAPHY. TO THEM, 
IT»S A TOTAULY "RAD" 
ALTERNATIVE. 



Getting kids to learn about the 
world is no simple task. The future 
is what happens a moment fipom now. 
Geography is what lies between 
home and school. The world seems 
relatively small. 

APPLE* II SERIES SOFTWARE , 
TO COVER MORE GROUND. 



Intioducing easy-to-use 
geography programs that help stimulate 
learning, while still entertaining. 




Software for everywhere: 



PC Oobe, ix. sofiwait, paimtpmSn^ 

Circle 35 on Reader Service Card. 

May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 61 




GeoPUZZLE USA, $39.95 . 



Questions, puzzles and data 
mafee the entire country and its history 
as familiar as your own backyard, 

GEOQUIZ, $49.95 . 

An absorbing game, dynamic 
educational tool and global travelogue 
all in one. For the Apple-Uos only 

DESKTOP GEOGRAPHY FOR 
AN EVER'CHANGING WORLD . 

Simple-to-use products for global 
understanding. Because knowing what's 
where is just as important as knowing 
whafs what. 

AT YOUR LOCAL RETAILER , 
OR CALL l-eOO-255-2789 . 




PC Globe, Inc. 

4700 South Af cDintodt Drive, Tempe, Arwm 85282 
mi) 730-9000 Facsimik (602) 968-7196 



WpbAPHICS 

\y GALLERY 

Vive LA Difference 

Fear of the blank screen is often the most difficult hurdle 
for computer artists to overcome — but seeing things in a different 
light is the key to getting started. 



THERE ARE VERY FEW GENIUSES IN 
this world — artistic or otherwise, like all new 
techniques, using the computer as a graphics 
tool requires practice. But the most difficult 
task facing you may simply be overcoming 
your fear of creating an image that fails. 

Do you know what it is you want to do? 
Or is the problem more that you don't have 
a due as to how to do it? As we discussed in 
the December and January Graphics 
Gallery columns ("Pla/s the Thing," p. 78, 
and "Artist, Inspire Thyself," p. 70, respec- 
tively), the first step is to visit a museum or 
look at art books, photos, and even adver- 
tisements for inspiration and ideas. Then 
sit down at your computer and start drawing 
— sketch freehand or experiment with your 
geometric-shape tools to "build" an image. 
(See the accompanying box for one such 




□. Polhemus, Union Cat:halic High, Scotch 
Plains. NJ. KoaiaPad, Microlllustrator. 



By DEBORAH GREH, Ed.D. 

exercise.) Try some contour drawing, too 
— by hand and at the computer — as 
described in the "Hands On" sidebar in 
January (p. 72) to learn how to study an 
object's outlines and "inlines" and sketch 
what you see, not what you think you know. 

If you're stuck, we'll give you a couple of 
ideas, plus instructions on how to get start- 
ed. One piece of advice: Wherever you 
decide to begin, don*t take yourself or your 
artwork too seriously at first. One of the 
the most important aspects of drawing and 
painting, with or without a computer, is 
simply that you see things differently. 

THE EYES HAVE IT 

People are fascinated by eyes; William 
Blake called them "the windows of the 
soul." When beginning artists first attempt 



r 


1 







J. Rizzolo, Brunner School, Scotch 
Plains. NJ. KoalaRad. Microlllustrator. 



sketching the face they often focus on the 
eyes. Is that bad? Not always, but it can 
present a number of problems. 

For instance, although the eyes are the 
most dominant part of the face — what we 
look into when we talk to each other and 
the feature we remember most clearly — 
you have to consider them within the 
context of the head. When students draw 
the eyes first, disregarding the rest of the 
head, the proportions of the face are 
usually "off." The eyes will often seem too 
high on the face, too large, or drawn from 
the wrong angle. 

So what's an aspiring artist to do? Do a 
rough sketch of the entire face, getting the 
nose, mouth, and eyes in correct relation 
to one another. It's not easy. Again, the real 
key to drawing is seeing; that's where the 




Cut, paste, and flip options created a 
forest for Advanced Ideas' Grizzly Bears. 



62 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



contour-drawing exercise mentioned 
above comes in handy — for developing 
control and enhancing your visual skills. 
When you study something inside out, 
upside down, backwards and forwards, 
even the most mundane object begins to 
take on a new life. 

Another approach is to focus on the eyes 
and disregard the rest of the face entirely, 
with an emphasis on a "cartoon" look. Car- 
tooning loosens you up: The images are 
supposed to be funny, and you can make 
any "mistake" work for you. 

Look at some of your favorite comics 
and see how the artist has made simple 
lines work; details are limited to the bare 
essentials. 

And who says art has to look exactly like 
the object represented, anyway? Picasso, 
for example, had a great feel for interpre- 
tation and simple lines — look at Les 
Demoiselles d' Avignon and Guernica, 

So start by drawing one eye and then try 
using your program's cut and paste 
options to do a second one. Just for fiin, 
you might also try "flipping" the eyes so 
they look in different directions. Now 
incorporate what you're doing into a head 
if you like. Want to go on? Capture the 



LOOKING FOR IDEAS? 

Ancient Arc of War series. Broderbund 
Art Gallery forum, CompuServe 
Carmen Sandiego series, Broderbund 
Computer Art forum, CompuServe 
Edwards. Betty. Drawing on the Right 

Side of the Brain. J.R Tarcher Inc. 
Edwards, Betty. Drawing on the 

Artist Within. Simon Gi Schuster 
Gardner, H. Art Through the Ages: 6th 

edition. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich 
Greh, □. Computers in the Artroom. 

Davis Publications 
Janson. H.W. The History of Art: 

3rd edition. Prentice Hall 
King's Quest series, Sierra Online 
The New Print Shop, Broderbund 
School Arts magazine, 

Davis Publications 
Space Quest series, Sierra Online 
Sticlcybear series. 

Weekly Reader/Optimum Resource 
Truckenbrod, J. Creative Computer 

Imaging. Prentice Hall 



head (if your graphics program supports 
this feature), shrink it, and add a body. 

CAN'T SEE THE FOREST? 

Most of us enjoy landscapes; theyVe 
inviting and restful. Try drawing your own. 
For inspiration, check out the impression- 
ists and postimpressionists, including 
Monet, Van Gogh, and Cezanne. 

Start by drawing a simple tree — trunk 
and branches first, then up and out to add 
the foliage. Note that from a distance we 
don't see individual leaves, but rather 
masses of leaves, with only a few leaves 
delineated against the sky. 

Alternate your tools, media, and back- 
ground color. Try creating a tree with the 
spray-paint command, or select a wide brush 
stroke or a different brush shape — a slanted 
or vertical line perhaps. Draw or paint with 
a texture rather than a solid color to open 
the tree up and make it look airy. Every tool 
has its own unique characteristics. Part of the 
fun of working with a computer is exploring 
its potential (and limitations). 

Now cut and paste to create a forest. If 
you can create one tree, why not use it like 
a stamp? Flipping the tree left to right will 
also add variety. Go back and make some 
trees fuller, others thinner. Don't be afiraid 
to make a mistake. You can always use the 
undo command if you don't like some- 
thing; and if you save your image in stages, 
you can return to an earlier incarnation of 
your work. And if you don't have a color 
printer, use an old ribbon and fill in with 
crayons, colored pencils, or markers. 

Be patient — an important part of any art 
form is practice in developing and perfect- 
ing skill, and that takes time. But the only 
way you'll enjoy the time you spend is to do 
something you want to do — so look for 
ideas, and when you find some, see each 
image's contours, shapes, colors, and textures. 
Draw — practice — and have fim. □ 

Write to Deborah Greh at 516 Farley Ave., 
Scotch Plains, NJ 07076. Enclose an SASE if 
you'd like a reply. 




Stffp^fiy-8tep ipample of New^ 
sion, p||i^|iii|tn^r|f, dfa|i|r!lii9s; 



May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 63 




PPLEWORKS 



IN ACTION 



Crystal Gazing 

With proper retirement planning 
and an AppleWorks spreadsheet, 
your vision of the future can come true. 



By RUTH K. WITKIN 

IF I HANDED YOU A CRYSTAL BALL 
and said you could gaze into your retire- 
ment future, would you do it? You bet you 
would! Like many of us, you probably look 
ahead with uncertainty and apprehension 
to the years when, in all likelihood, your 
income will be less than it is now. Because 
the independence of your life tomorrow 
will be aflfected by your actions today, using 
every means available to assess your finan- 
cial future makes good sense. 

The spreadsheet in Figure 1 is a crystal 
ball of sorts. You need enter only an 
amount already invested for retirement, 
average annual interest rate, number of 
compound periods per year, regular 
monthly contribution until retirement, 
years until retirement, regular monthly 
withdrawal after retirement, and assumed 
aimual rate of inflation. The formulas then 
produce effective annual yield, regular 
annual contribution, and regular annual 
withdrawal based on your numbers. 

But that's not all. You also get a year- 
by-year accounting of the starting amount, 
interest earned, contribution, total before 
withdrawal, withdrawal that keeps pace 
with the assumed rate of inflation, and 
even amount remaining after each 
annual withdrawal. 

There's even more. One formula (called 



"what-if look-see") copies the calculation of 
another formula further down the spread- 
sheet, so that you don't have to scroll up 
and down over and over to see the result as 
you enter new numbers. 

A SPREADSHEET FROM SCRATCH 

Create a new AppleWbrks spreadsheet file 
named EARNCONDRAW. You should 
now see the spreadsheet Rexnew/Add/Ckange 
screen with the cursor in cell AL Use the 
following instructions to start the spreadsheet. 

Long lines. Enter a double line across row 
2 in columns A through G: Place the 
cursor on A2 and type quotation marks. 
Hold down the equal-sign key until the 
sign reaches the right edge of G2 and then 
hit Return. 

Leave the cursor on A2 and copy the row 
to the clipboard: Press Open apple-C 
(OA-C) to start the copy command, type T 
to select To clipboard, press Return to 
confirm Rows, and hit Return again. You 
need the same line in rows 10 and 15, so 
copy finom the clipboard: Place the cursor 
on A 10, press OA-C, and type F to select 
From clipboard. Do the same in row 15. 

Next, enter a single line across row 18 in 
columns A through G: With the cursor on 
A18, type quotation marks, hold down the 
minus-sign key until the sign reaches the 
right edge of G18, and hit Return. 



Column width. Each column is now nine 
characters wide. Use the Layout command 
(OA-L) to change the widths: Move the 
cursor to the column you want to change, 
press OA-L, press C for Columns, hit 
Return at the prompt to highlight 
columns, and press C for Column width. 
Then use OA-Right Arrow or OA-Left 
Arrow to expand or contract the width, 
and hit Return. You need to reduce 
column A by five characters (to four char- 
acters); increase columns B, C, E, and F 
by three characters (to 12 characters); and 
increase columns D and G by two charac- 
ters (to 1 1 characters). 

You can widen columns B and C-in the 
same step. From column B, press Right 
Arrow once at the prompt to highlight 
columns; finom column C, press Left Arrow. 
The same applies to columns E and F. 

Labels and numbers. Figure 2 shows the 
labels and practice numbers in the spread- 
sheet. Before you start typing, read the i 
following instructions. 

Indent the spreadsheet tide, INTEREST 
EARNED/CONTRIB/WITHDRAW 
CALCULATOR, by placing the cursor on 
Bl, typing quotation marks, and pressing 
the spacebar ten times. Then type the tide. 
Several labels have what I call "outdents," 
which push the labels to the left (instead of 
to the right as indents do). By outdenting, 
you can align labels and numbers on the 
right with those above and below. To create 
an outdent, type the label, then press the 
spacebar the specified number of times. 
Give a one-character outdent to these 
labels in rows 16 and 17: B16, C16, D16, 
G16, G17, E17, and D17. Give a two- 
character outdent to labels in B17 and 
CI 7. You'll see the effect when you right- 
justify them later. 

In F17, type quotation marks before the 



64 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



label + Inflation (short for "plus inflation"), 
so AppleWorks knows the plus sign is a 
label, not an arithmetic operator. 

Now go back through the instructions 
and type the labels. Don't bother to press 
Return after typing each entry; moving the 
cursor to the next cell serves the same 
purpose. When you're finished, press 
Return. Next, type the numbers (and 
remember the lonely 1 in A 19). 

Formats. Most of the numbers are dollar 
amounts, but dollar signs will only crowd 
the columns. Instead, use the Value 
command (OA-V) to set a standard Value 
format of Commas with no decimal places. 
Next, use the Layout command to reformat 
the following cells for Dollars with no 
decimal places: F3 {amount already invested), 
F6 {regular monthly contribution), F8 {regular 
monthly withdrawal), and F12 through F14 
{regidar annual contribution, regular annual 
withdrawal, what-if look-see). 

For the individual cells, press OA-L, 
Return to confirm Entry, and Return to con- 
firm Value format; then specify Dollars and no 
commas. For block F12 through F14, place 
the cursor on F12, press OA-L, type B for 
Block, press Down Arrow twice to highlight 
the block, and press Return for Value format. 
Then specify Dollars and no commas. 

Reformat F4 {assumed annual interest rate) 
for Commas with 2 decimal places, and Fl 1 
{effective annual yield) for Percent with 2 
decimal places. And finally, use OA-L, 
Block, and Label format to right-justify the 
headings from B16 through G17. Now 
press OA-S to store all your work on disk. 

In the next step, you'll enter the spread- 
sheet's formulas. AppleWorks routinely 
calculates formulas by column — from top 
to bottom of the first column, then from 
top to bottom of the second column, and 
so on. Because of the way the formulas are 
laid out in this spreadsheet, have Apple- 
Works calculate by rows: Leave the cursor 
where it is and press OA-V to bring up the 
Standard Values screen. Type R to select 
Recalculate, hit Return to confirm Order, 
and hit it again to confirm Rows. 

ENTERING FORMULAS 

Next, enter the formulas that perform 
the calculations. You can see their locations 
in the unshaded areas in Figure 1 . First, 
read how the formula works, then place 



the cursor on the cell receiving it. Move 
the cursor to the cell locations shown in 
the formula and type everything else. 
When the formula is complete, compare 
each character on your screen with the way 
it appears here. If everything agrees, press 
the return key. If something's amiss, press 
the escape key and start again. 
FORMULA 1: Effective Annual Yield. 
Formula 1 divides the interest earned in 
the first year (CI 9) by the amount already 
invested (F3) to produce the effective 
annual yield in Fl 1, assuming the money 
is invested for one full year. 

Cell location: Fll 

Formula: +C19/F3 

Cell C 1 9 is empty right now, so Apple- 
Works will produce 0.00% in Fl 1. 
FORMULA 2: Regular Annual Contribu- 
tion. Formula 2 multiplies the regular 
monthly contribution until retirement (F6) 
by 12 to produce the regular annual 
contribution in F12. 

Cell location: F12 

Formula: +F6*12 
FORMULA 3: Regular Annual With- 
drawal. Formula 3 multiplies the regular 
monthly withdrawal after retirement (F8) 
by 12 to produce the regular annual with- 
drawal in F13. 

Cell location: F13 

Formula: +F8*I2 
FORMULA 4: What-If Look-See. Formula 
4 lets you see the effect of your what-if 
assumptions (n ial inputs) on the amount in 
the ending cell (G43) without having to 
scroll down the spreadsheet. If you want to 
keep the contents of another cell visible, 
you can change the formula later. 

Cell location: F14 

Formula: +G43 
FORMULA 5: Year Numbers. Formula 5 
adds 1 to the number in the cell above (A 19) 
to start the sequence of year numbers in A20. 

Cell location: A20 

Formula: 1+A19 

You'll copy Formula 5 down its column 
after you enter the rest of the formulas. 
FORMULA 6: Starting Amount (Year 1). 
Formula 6 copies the amount already 
invested for retirement (F3) to B19, the 
starting-amount cell for Year 1 . 

Cell location: B19 

Formula: +F3 
FORMULA 7: Starting Amount (Year 2). 
Formula 7 copies the amount at the end of 



Year I (G19) to B20, the starting-amount 
cell for Year 2. 

Cell location: B20 

Formula: +G19 
FORMULA 8: Interest Earned. Formula 
8 calculates interest earned on the starting 
amount in B19. It converts the annual 
interest rate (F4) to a percentage, divides 
the result by the number of compound 
periods (F5), raises that result to the power 
of the number of compound periods multi- 
plied by the starting amount (B19), then 
reduces that result by the starting amount. 

Cell location: C19 

Formula: -HB19*(1 + (F4/100/F5) 
^F5)-B19 

FORMULA 9: Regular Annual Contri- 
bution. Formula 9 either copies the regular 
annual contribution (F12) to D19 or enters 
a zero, depending on the year number The 
Test statement checks the year number in 
A19. If it's less than or equal to the number 
of years until retirement (F7), the Then 
statement copies the contribution. If the year 
number is greater than the number of years 
until retirement, meaning no more contri- 
butions, the Else statement enters a zero. 

Cell location: D19 

Formula: @IF(A19<=F7,F12,0) 
FORMULA 10: Total Before Withdrawal. 
Formula 10 adds the starting amount 
(B19), interest earned (CI 9), and regular 
contribution (D19) to produce the total 
amount before withdrawal in El 9. 

Cell location: E19 

Formula: @SUM(B19.D19) 
FORMULA 1 1 : Withdrawal Plus Inflation. 
Formula 1 1 enters one of four answers: 
regular annual withdrawal (F13), annual 
withdrawal including assumed rate of infla- 
don (F9), total before withdrawal (El 9), or 
zero. It's truly a powerhouse. 

The Test statement checks to see if the 
number of years until retirement (F7) plus 
one year equals the year number (A 19). If 
they match — meaning the first year of 
retirement has arrived — the Then state- 
ment enters the lesser of the regular 
annual withdrawal (F13) or the total before 
withdrawal (El 9). Because you can't take 
out more than you have, the MIN hmction 
prevents a negative number exceeding the 
total before withdrawal from appearing on 
the spreadsheet. 

If there's no match — meaning the year 
number is before or after retirement — O 



May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 65 



APPLEWORKS 

IM. IN ACTION 





=A=="= 


==B== 






=S=Q==SSSKS= 








1 1 

O 1 






INTEREST EARNED/CONTR IB/ WITHDRAW CALCULATOR 






3 (Amount Already Invested for Retirement 






$215,000 






4 1 Assumed 


Annual Interest Rate CO 






9.00 






5 [Times Compounded 


Annual 1 y 








365 






AIRegular Monthly Contribution Until Retirement 


$908 






71 Years Until 


Retirement 








10 






8 (Regular Monthly Withdrawal After Retirement 


*3,800 






9 1 Assumed 


Annual Inflation Rate 








4 




























llIEffective Annual 


Yield 








9,42';f 


1 




12 (Regular Annual Contribution 








$10,900 


2 




13IRegul ar Annual Withdrawal 








$45,600 


3 




14(What-H 


Look -See 


Cel 1 








$759,971 


4 




i v» 1 






















161 


Starting 


Interest 


Regul ar 


Total Before Withdrawal 


Ending 


17 (Year 

1 a 1 


Amount 


Earned 


Contr ib 


Withdrawal +Inflation 


Amount 


la 1 

191 


1 


215 


,000 


U 20,245 O 


10,900 9 


246,145 10 


oil 246 


,145 12 


20 ( 




246 


,145 


7 23 , 1 78 


10,900 




280,222 





280 


,222 


21 ( 




280 


,222 


26,386 


10,900 




317,509 





317 


,509 


22 ( 


4 


317 


,509 


29,897 


10,900 




358,306 





358 


,306 


231 


5 


358 


,306 


33,739 


10,900 




402,945 





402 


,945 


24 ( 


6 


402 


945 


37,942 


10,900 




451 ,787 





451 


,787 


25 ( 


7 


451 


,787 


42,541 


10,900 




505,228 





505 


,228 


26 ( 


8 


505 


228 


47,573 


10,900 




563,701 





563 


,701 


27 ( 


9 


563 


,701 


53,079 


10,900 




627,681 





627 


,681 


28 ( 


10 


627 


681 


59,104 


10,900 




697,684 





697 


684 


291 


11 


697 


,684 


65,695 







763,380 


45,600 


717 


,780 


30[ 


12 


717 


780 


67,588 







785,367 


47,424 


737 


943 


311 


13 


737 


943 


69,486 







807,430 


49,321 


758 


,109 


32 ( 


14 


758 


109 


71 ,385 







829,494 


51 ,294 


778 


200 


33 ( 


15 


778 


200 


73,277 







851,477 


53,346 


798 


131 


34 ( 


16 


798 


131 


75,154 







873,285 


55,479 


817 


806 


351 


17 


817,806 


77,006 







894,812 


57,699 


837 


114 


361 


18 


837 


114 


78,824 







915,938 


60,006 


855 


932 


371 


19 


855 


932 


80,596 







936,528 


62,407 


874 


121 


381 


20 


874 


121 


82,309 







956,430 


64,903 


891 


527 


391 


21 


891 


527 


83,948 







975,475 


67,499 


907 


976 


401 


22 


907 


976 


85,497 







993,473 


70,199 


923 


274 


41 ( 


23 


923 


274 


86,937 





1 


,010,212 


73,007 


937 


205 


42 ( 


24 


937 


205 


88,249 





1 


,025,454 


75,927 


949 


526 


431 


25 


949 


526 


89,409 





1 


,038,936 


78,964 


959 


971 



Figure 1. AppleWorks retirement-planning spreadsheet, showing how money grows and goes. 



11 ^ INTEREST EARNED/CONTRIB/WITHDRAW CALCULATOR 

3 1 Amount Already Invested for Retirement 215000 

4 1 Assumed Annual Interest Rate (%> 9 

5 1 Times Compounded Annually 365 

6 1 Regular Monthly Contribution Until Retirement 908.33 

71 Years Until Retirement 10 

81 Regular Monthly Withdrawal After Retirement 3800 

9 (Assumed Annual Inflation Rate (X) 4 

JQ I ======;=:=====:=:=:===i:=— =3====:====— =:L========:r==========:===:=====3============= 

11 (Effective Annual Yield 
121 Regular Annual Contribution 
131Regu1ar Annual Withdrawal 
14[What-If Look-See Cell 

16! Starting Interest Regular Total Before Withdrawal Ending 

17 (Year Amount Earned Contr ib Withdrawal +Inflation Amount 

181 

191 1 



Figure 2. Labels and practice numbers in retirement-planning spreadsheet. 



the Else statement enters a zero in each 
year before retirement and, in each year 
after retirement, the lesser of the total 
before withdrawal (El 9) or the prior 
withdrawal (F18, the dashed line) plus 



assumed inflation (F9). Again, the MIN 
function prevents a negative number 
from appearing if the withdrawal amount 
plus inflation exceeds the total before 
withdrawal. Whew! 



Cell location: F19 

Formula: @IF(F7 + 1=A19, 
@MIN(F13,E19), 
@MIN(E19,F18*(F9/100+ 1))) 
FORMULA 12: Ending Amount Formula 
12 subtracts the withdrawal-plus-inflation 
amount (F19) from the total before with- 
drawal (EI 9) to produce the ending 
amount in G19. 

Cell location: G19 

Formula: -HE19-F19 

Now copy Formulas 8 through 12 (CI 9 
through G19) down one cell: Place the 
cursor on CI 9, press OA-C, and hit Return. 
Press OA-Right Arrow to highlight the other 
formulas in row 19, and hit Return again. 
Press Down Arrow to highlight C20, and hit 
Return once more. Then you'll see Formula 
8 on the edit line with a highlight on cell 
reference B19. You're about to tell Apple- 
Works which cell references in each formula 
are No change (press Return) and which are 
RelaMve (type R or press OA-R) by hitting the 
following keystrokes in this exact sequence: 

Formula 8: Type R, press Return thre^ 
times, type R. 

Formula 9: Type R, press Return twice. 
Formula 10: Type R twice. 
Formula 11: Press Return, type R, press 
Return, type R three times, press Return. 
Formula 12: Press OA-R. 

PROTECTING FORMULAS 

You'll soon copy these formulas down 
their respective columns, but protect them 
first, so AppleWorks can copy both the 
formula and the protection and save you 
time: Place the cursor on A19 (the nimiber 
1 — clearly not a formula, but no matter). 
Press OA-L and type B (for Block). Press 
OA-Right Arrow, then Down Arrow to 
highlight both rows, and press Return. 
Type FN (for Protection Nothing). 

Now place the cursor on A20 and copy 
the formulas in row 20: Press OA-C and hit 
Return. Press OA-Right Arrow to identify 
row 20 as the source, and hit Return again. 
Press Down Arrow, type a period, and 
press OA-Down Arrow. Use Down Arrow to 
move the highlight to row 43 and hit 
Return again. 

Tell AppleWorks which cells are No 
change and which are Relative with the 
following sequence of keystrokes: Type R 
three times, hit Return three times, type R 



B6- inCider/A-h • May 1991 



twice, hit Return twice, type R twice, hit 
Return once, type R once, hit Return once 
again, type R three times, hit Return, and 
type R twice more. 

When calculation stops, your spread- 
sheet should look like the one in Figure 1. 
Press OA-S to store it on disk. 

Now protect the formulas in Fll through 
F14: Place the cursor on Fll and press 
OA-L. Type B, move the cursor to F14, hit 
Return, and type PN. 

PRINTING YOUR SPREADSHEET 

This spreadsheet is 74 characters wide 
and prints at 10 characters to the inch. To 
position it well on the printed page, 
change the margin settings: Leave the 
cursor where it is and press OA-O to bring 
up the Printer Options screen. Type LM 
(for Left Margin) and press Return, then 
type 3 and hit Return again. Now type 
RM (for Right Margin), press Return, type 
,3, and hit Return again, Fmally, type TM 
(for Top Margin)^ press Return, type .5 and 
hit Return again. All other print settings 
remain at AppleWorks standards. Press 
OA-S* to store this final version on disk 
and return the spreadsheet to the screen. 

Now turn on your printer and run out 
your spreadsheet: Leave the cursor where 
it is, and press OA-P to bring up the Print 
screen. Hit Return to confirm All. Press 
Return to select the printer (or type a 
printer number, then Return), type today's 
date (or, if you have a computer clock, type 
@, the at sign, to have AppleWorks enter 
the date for you), and hit Return twice to 
confirm one copy. The printer will click 
away and there's your spreadsheet. 

NEXT MONTH 

With summer soon upon us, next month 
we'll create a spreadsheet to calculate your 
vacation travel expenses. See you then. □ 



CONTRIBU-nNG EDITOR RUTH K. WlTKIN IS THE 
CREATOR OF THE SUCCESS WITH ApPLEWORKS 
TEMPLATX SERIES (INCiDEP/A + , IDG COMMUNI- 
CATTONS) AND RUTH WiTKlN'S BEST NEW APPLE- 

WoRKS Templates (Quality Computers). She's 
ALSO the author OF The Best Book of Apple- 
Works (MacMillan Pubushing Company) and 
Personal Money Management with Apple- 
Works (John Wiley 8c Sons). Write to her at 
5 Patricia Street, Plainview, NY 11803. 
Enclose a self-addressed, stamped envelope 
IF you'd like a reply. 




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Run 800K Disk Drives 
on your 11+ and lie 
$64.95 



800K DISK DRIVE 31/2 
for 11+, He, MAC, LASER 128 
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Disk ControHer Card 
For Apple H, U+ &lie 
5 Year Warranty 



CPM Card $34.95 

lie Numeric Keypad $34.95 

n+ 8l lie RF Modulator ... $15.95 



Cooling Fan for Apple 11+ & lie 
With Surge Surpressor $26.95 



Cooling Fan 

For 
Apple lIGS 



No 
Noise 
Interference 



ACCESSORIES 

Mouse Pad $4.95 

Disk Notcher $4.50 

Disk Clean 5 y* $4.00 

Disk Clean 3^^ $4.00 

Mouse lie, c+ $49.00 

Amber Monitor $99.00 



Replacement 
Keyboard 
$55.00 



5 Amp. Pwr. Supply 
II, 11+ & He 
$49.00 



Joystick for Apple lie, lie, 
1IC+&1IGS 

With Fire Button 
Same as Mach 111 



LASER 128 Computer 
Three Times the Speed of a He 
Built in Memory Expansion Board 

mEX $399.00 

128EX2/5.25 $445.00 

128EX2/3.50 $495.00 



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Want to run Apple Software . . . 
You need TRACKSTAR ..$399.00 



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FAX# (602) 968-3211 

Seivins Apple Users Since 1983 



on Ktufntd itCBii 



Circle 248 on Reader Service Card. 



May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 67 



Printer Polygamy 

You donH have to cut corners to cut costs. Share a laser 
printer among your Macs and Apple lis and you'll produce 
high-quality printouts with half the hassle. 



By GREGG KEIZER 

IF PRINTERS DONTTRY OUR SOULS, 
they at least try our patience. Getting a 
printer to work with your software, even 
getting it to work at all, often seems like a 
task worthy of Job. I've unpacked, 
unwrapped, installed, and insulted more 
printers than I care to remember. Each 
time I naively believe that the installation 
will go smoothly, and that the 15 minutes 
I've allotted will be more than enough. 
Call me an optimist. 

When you start mixing machines — an 
Apple IlGS here, a Macintosh Ilsi there, a 
Mac LC around the corner — things get 
even trickier. Computers and printers mate 



for life in a monogamous relationship — 
one printer to one computer. That means 
a different printer for each computer 
and even more chances for things to go 
wrong.Well, put your wallet away. Why not 
share one printer among several computers? 
That may be printer polygamy, but it can 
save you the frustration of managing mul- 
tiple printers and save you money. 

Besides, if your computers share, you 
can spend more on a printer and still 
come out ahead. If you're splitting the 
high cost of a printer among several 
machines, you can afford to pay for high- 
quahty print. Sharing an expensive laser 
printer makes' perfect sense in a mixed-up 
Apple II-and-Macintosh environment. 



Without a printer beside every computer, 
you've got to take a few more steps to 
retrieve your documents. If you're wiUing 
to put up with this minor irritation (among 
a few others), you're a candidate for 
printer polygamy. 

APPLES SHARE WITH 

(AND WITHOUT) APPLETALK 

Apple II and Macintosh machines have 
a built-in printer-sharing capability that 
other computers — even those that cost 
thousands of dollars more — lack. That 
capabihty is AppleTalk, the network speci- 
fications that link Apple lis, Macs, and 
their peripherals. All Apple IlQS and 
Macintosh computers come equipped to 
handle this protocol. 

Don't let the word network scare you. An 
AppleTalk network doesn't demand that 
you set up a file server (a computer/soft- 
ware combination that lets you share files 
and programs on a hard disk) and multi- 
ple workstations. You can create a simple 
kind of network just by linking an Apple 
IlGS and Macintosh to a printer via a 
LocalTalk Connector Kit. Just plug 
connector boxes into the two computers' 




68 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



We Know 
Mac Modems... 




Inside and Out 



DataLink Modems from Applied Engineering 

were designed specifically for die Macintosh from flie 
ground up, not "ported over" from MS-DOS designs. 

DataLink/lVfac Portable'^** (left) incorporates 
an ultra-low power design to extend the Mac 
Portable's battery hfe and includes Send-Fax and 
MNP-5 as standard features. DataLink/Mac'^M 
our internal modem for the Mac H series, includes 
an extra serial port for another peripheral, and 
MNP-5 (optional). DataLink also includes 
an extra serial port as well as a Math coprocessor 
socket, and V,42bis option (giving you an effective 
transfer rate of up to 9600 baud and error free 
transfers) . DataLink Express''^ our Mac-platinum 
colored external modem for all Macs, has both 
mini-8 and DB-25 connectors and features 12 
status Ughts including our exclusive "Line 
Engaged" mdicator to show a shared hne in use. 

Packed with features like complete conmiunica- 
tions software, free online tune with several onUne 
services including America Online, Prodigy, 
GEnie, NewsNet, Delphi, and the Official Airline 
Guide. All DataLink modems are FCC certified and 
ftilly Hayes AT compatible. Five-year warranty and 
free technical support from a company that's been 



in the ^ple peripheral business for more than 10 
years. And, best of all... 

AE Send-Fax is available with whichever DataLink 
you choose. 

Don't waste your time printing a hard copy and 
then waitmg around the fax machine to see if your 
faxes get through. Go right back to what you are 
doing while Send-Fax does the calhng for you in 
the background. Send-Fax can send an entire 
distribution Ust from your, phonebook entries 
while you're at your computer or away. 

Fax pag^ from different applications simulta- 
neously from your Mac's screen as sunply as 
printing. Create your own fax-number phonebook 
for instantaneous diaMng and mclude a customized 
cover sheet to ad your own creative edge. Save 
money by teUing DataLink to send your faxes late 
at night, when phone rates are lowest and you're 
least Hkely to encounter busy signals. 

Open your Mac to the innovation of Applied 
Engineering and experience a DataLink modem 
for yourself! 

Order today! To order or for more information, 
see your dealer or call (214) 241-6060 today, 



9 am to 11 pm, 7 days. Or send check or money 
order to Applied Engineering. MasterCard, VISA 
and C.O.D. welcome. 

DataLink/Mac Portable $299 

DataLink/Mac (T)IM) $299 

Dim w/ MNP-5 or Send-Fax $349 

DIM w/ MNP-5 and Send-Fax $399 

DataLink LC iDlAC) $349 

DiyLCwA^.42bis $379 

DataLmk Express (DL-X) $249 

DL-X w/ MNP-5 and Send-Fax .....$349 



Applied Engineeriiig® 

The enhancement experts. 

A Division of AE Research Corporation 

(214) 241-6060 

Made 

P.O. Box 5100 nmn 

Carrollton,TX 75011 USA 

©1991. AE Research, Inc. All rights reserved Brand and product 
names are registered trademarks of their respective holders. 



THE OAP 



LocalTalk ports and trail cable from com- 
puter to computer. Then run another 
cable to the printer's LocalTalk port. 
Depending on the distance between the 
machines, a simple two-computer/one- 
printer AppleTalk network might snap 
together in under 15 minutes. (See Figure 
1.) If you just share a printer, you don't 
need to mess with AppleShare, the file- 
sharing software you run on a dedicated 
Mac to send files from Apple lis to Macs. 

When several computers use one laser 
printer, there*s a chance that more than 
one will send a document to the printer 
simultaneously. AppleTalk handles this 
potential jam-up adequately, if not elegantly, 
by simply stacking the print 
requests as they come in. If you're 
trying to print Grom your Apple 
IIgs, for instance, and a Mac- 
intosh LC is hogging the printer, 
you'll have to wait. An on-screen 
message keeps you informed 
about print progress. 

What if you have a He? Most 
laser printers come equipped 
with a LocalTalk port and also 
include parallel and serial ports. 
An Apple He typically prints via 
a serial card. You can attach a He 
to the printer's serial port if the 
printer offers emulation that 
your 8-bit Apple II software 
supports — your laser printer 
must be compatible with serial 
transmission from 8-bit ^ple He 
software and the 8-bit software 
must support the laser printer. 

To share a printer such as the Okilaser 
840, which has three ports — LocalTalk, 
serial, and parallel — with both a Mac- 
intosh Classic and an i^ple He, for exam- 
ple, you'd use appropriate cable to connect 
the Mac to the printer's LocalTalk port, 
and the He to the printer's serial port. (You 
don't connect the two computers.) To 
print, you'd simply use finont-panel LED 
controls to switch the printer's active port 
and its emulation from serial (lie) to 
AppleTalk (Mac) and back — from Diablo 
630 (He) to PostScript (Mac) and back. 

POSTSCRIPT GETS PERSONAL 

Until recently, PostScript laser printers 
were simply too expensive for most homes, 
home offices, and classrooms — even if 



you shared them between machines. With 
the appearance of several affordable, but 
still capable, personal printers, nearly any 
multiple-machine scene justifies a 
PostScript laser printer. 

PostScript, the page-description lan- 
guage used extensively by Macintosh and 
Apple IIgs applications, translates a 
program's print instructions to build a 
page's text and graphics images inside a 
laser printer. Most Apple LaserWriter 
printers include PostScript. Fortunately 
for your budget, many non-Apple laser 
printers do, too. 

Two PostScript laser printers — neither 
finom Apple — stand out when it comes to 



automatically. In other words, data coming 
into any of the three ports is received, 
examined, and then sent through the 
correct page-description language, all on 
the fly. Because of this outstanding feature 
(all printers should include this automatic 
switching capability) the QMS 410 is a 
terrific network printer for a small oflBce or 
classroom, especially if you're mixing 
Macintosh and Apple IlGS (and even 
MS-DOS) computers. 

Texas Instruments' Microlaser PS35 is a 
compact PostScript printer that offers the 
same 35 PostScript fonts you'll find in the 
Apple LaserWriter NT — for less money. 
This printer features the same three ports 



Telephone Tag 



Cifl^li^fiaeidjai^jDstatn^fifi^ ¥iuDt 

iielele|toe;Icntdol)Qsbcs& IcaDttafrtDomdctsaod 

dients.Icn'tdiatvithRflntotieQds.M 

hotffldwhat'siutfortteApplenatdMai 

Even worse, n^oinipiilm are suddeo^ Choptbe 

wi)il,brngeotiRiili!nes(fi^^ 
or taft easily to eadi Oder. 



Figure 2. Left to right, compare copy and gr^aphics 
dots per inch, and Harmonie at 75 and 300 dots 



splitting time between computers. The 
QMS 410 and Texas Instruments' 
Microlaser PS35 both excel at providing 
good print at a good price. Each works 
out well as a shared printer, but for quite 
different reasons. 

The QMS 410 is a relatively slow (four 
pages per minute) laser printer based on 
the same Canon print engine that's inside 
the Apple LaserWriter NT. At the side of 
the printer you'll find serial, parallel, and 
LocalTalk ports, so you won't have trouble 
connecting it to almost any computer in 
your inventory. What makes the QMS 410 
special is its capability to keep all those 
ports "live" at the same time. The printer 
also switches emulation (fiom PostScript to 
Hewlett-Packard LaserJet II and back) 



images created wtth Independence at 300 
per inch. 

as the QMS, but doesn't offer automatic 
emulation switching. You do that yourself 
by pressing keys on the hont control panel. 
It's inconvenient, but if you're sharing the 
printer among several computers in an 
office, den, or classroom, it's just irksome, 
not impossible. The PS35 is considerably 
faster than the QMS 410, spitting out six 
pages of text in a minute. Its paper tray 
holds five times more than the 410*s, and 
its footprint, the desktop space it occupies, 
is only half the size. 

Plan on spending less than $2000 for 
either of these printers. Although their list 
prices are considerably higher, you won't 
have much trouble finding the QMS 410 
for around $1950 and the Microlaser for 
around $1700 if you shop in a computer 



70 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



APPLE lle-llc-tlGs-ll plus OWNERS! 



SAVE $$$ ON YOUR PERIPHERALS! 



UNIV & SCHOOL P.O.'S WELCOME! 



GS RAM UPGRADES 



4 MEG GS RAM BOARD. DMA compat- 
ible. Expands ligs to 4.25 Meg. w/1 M^G . . $119 
AE GS-RAM Plus 6 MEG RAM board. DMA 

comp. Expands GS to 6.25 Meg. w/1 MEG $189 

Above w/2 to 6 Megabytes Call 

256K RAM Set (8pc) 120ns 5 Yr Wty $25 

1 MEG RAM Set (8pc) 100ns 5 Yr Wty $65 

TRANSWARP GS by Applied Engineering . $285 



SOUNDSYSTEM 2 For lIgs 



New 2-Way Stereo Amplified Speaker Palrl 

These thunder pods put the S In your GS 
operations, at one third the cost of Bose . . . $89 



AE RAM BOARDS 



RAMWORKS III W/256K $129 

RAMFACTOR W/256K $166 

Above W/512K or 1 Megabyte Call I 



FALL SPECIALS 



PBC EXTENDED 80 COLUMN CARD for 

Apple lie. Expands lie to 128K (Appleworks 
desktop to 56K). Super sharp 80 column 
display, soft switch select 40/80 columns, & 

Double Hi-res graphics, all built-in! $35 

PBC 256K/80 COLUMN BOARD lie. All 
above features, plus expands your Apple- 
works 3.0 desktop to 137K INTRO $79 

Super Serial Board 100% replacement for 
Apple Super Serial Card, this versatile 
RS232 board can be used for all modems 

and serial printers. For ll+/lie/ilgs $48 

SSB to Imagewrlter I cable 10' $11 

SSB to Imagewrlter II cable 10' $11 

SSB to Modem (Standard RS232) 10' $11 



MORE SUPER SPECIALS! 



Ile/llc MEGABYTE RAM 



Super Expander E for U.S. & European lie. 
Licensed by Applied Engineering. A 100% 
replacement for Extended 80 Card. Expands 
Appleworks desktop to 998K and allows 
instant switching between modules. w/0K.. $69 

Above W/256K $98 

Above W/512K or 1 Megabyte Call 

Super Exapander C Expands lie to 1152K, 
Appleworks desktop to 1052K & allows in- 

stand module switching. w/0K $79 

Above W/256K $108 

Above W/512K or 1 Megabyte Call 



QUIET COOLING FANS 



SUPERFAN II for ll+/lle. Kensington Style 

w/surge protect & twin rear AC outlets $27 

Super Cooler GS for your llgs. No audio line 
interference. Internal Mount $24 



PRO-KEYPAD for lle/llc/llc + 



Numeric data entry made simple. Includes 
mathematic, decimal & RETURN keys. 
PRO KEYPAD for U.S. & European lie ... . $34 
PRO KEYPAD for U.S. & European lie ... . $39 



Graphic Parallel Board w/6ft cable. Text & 
graphic screen prints. Versatile graphics 
including inverse/normal, enhanced, 90 
degree rotate & double size print. Il+/e/gs. $44 
Parallel Printer Board w/cable. Text print 
only. Used where graphics is not required. $35 
Z80 CP/M Board Opens the CP/M world for 
ll+/e/gs. Microsoft & Turbo Pscal Comp . . $34 
Joystick III Similar to the Hayes Mach III, 

with targe fire button on stick $24 

5 AMP Power Supply. Drop in replacement 

for ll+/lle supply. Double the amp power! . $49 

TV Modulator Connects your Apple II +/lle to 

any color or black/white TV $15 

Serial/Parallel Converter. Connects your lie 

to any parallel printer $49 

AE Transwarp 3.6Mhz accelerator. Il+/e . . . $99 
ZIPCHIP 8MIIZ by Zip Tech. Ile/llc $169 

Disk Drive H/H for Apple ll+/lle $119 

Disk Drive H/H for Apple llc/llc+IIgs $119 

Disk Drive H/H Dsy Chainable llcVIIgs ... $139 

Disk Controller BD 5.25" ll+/lle/llgs $34 

AMR 3.5" Drive $194 

A.E. 3.5" Drive $199 

Disk Controller BD 3.5" ll+/lle $49 

AE VULCAN HARD DRIVES Call 

CMS20MEG EXT. W/SCSI CARD $399 



superstore such as CompuAdd or Soft- 
Warehouse, or if you buy from a mail-order 
dealer. The QMS is my pick for the home, 
home office, or classroom in which Mac- 
intosh, Apple lies, and MS-DOS com- 
puters hang out. In a busy classroom or 
office, though, you'll need to spend yet 
another 1 150 or so for the optional 250- 
page paper tray. The Microlaser PS35 fits 
in the tiniest space, and provides printer 
punch with a litde less convenience. If your 
home or home-office setup is tight for 
room, choose the PS35. 

Connect four computers to either of 
these printers and you've lowered the 
per-computer cost to around $450. 
That's less than what you'd pay for an 
Apple ImageWriter II dot-matrix 
printer. The diffSerence? Type that makes 
you look good. 

BARGAIN-BASEMENT TYPE 

Even at these prices, a R)stScript printer 
may be beyond your means. Apple II and 
Mac owners who look for bargain-base- 
ment prices, but want better quality than 
the 9-pin Image\'\^ter II can deliver, need 
to steal a glance at the MS-DOS world. 

The de facto standard for PC laser-model 
printers carries the Hewlett-Packard name. 
Capitalizing on a reputation for good (if 
not exceptional) quality at a reasonable (if 
not rock-bottom) price, Hewlett-Packard 
printers sit on more desktops than any 
other brand. If a piece of PC software 
supports only one laser printer, it's the 
LaserJet II. 

Especially attractive is Hewlett-Packard's 
LaserJet IIP, a compact personal laser 
printer that sells for as litde as $900. This 
four-page-per-minute printer may be 
slow, a bit noisy, and hold a puny amount 
of paper, but it pumps out quality type. 
With three resident fonts (Courier 10, 
Courier 12, and Lineprinter 8.5) and the 
capability to use Hewlett-Packard font 
cartridges, the IIP is a good choice for the 
budget conscious. 

But what can a Macintosh or Apple II 
owner do with a IIP? How can you share 
this printer with your Mac and lies when 
older versions of the IIP don't come 
equipped with PostScript? (Hewlett- 
Packard's newest printer sports PostScript 
and a LocalTalk port, and may be available 
by press time.) Hire an interpreter, that's 



APPLE II Plus OWNERS! 



Run Appleworks on your 11+ or Franklin Acel 

Plusworks will configure you A.W. startup & 
program diskette to run on your computer. 



APPLETALK TO PHONE NET 



Localtalk Replacement kit w/balanced RS422 
transformer & 25 foot cable $25 



One time configure package. Not a preboot! 
(Req. 80 Columns, 64K, and Shift key Mod) 

Plusworks II (A.W. ver 1.0 thru 2.1) $35 

Plusworks III (A.W. 3.0 only/128K req) .... $35 
16K RAM BD. Expands 11+ from 48K to 64K $34 
128K RAM BD. Legend/Titan Compatible . $64 
DOS/ProDOS Emulator for above 128K BD $24 
80 Column 11+ Board Videx compatible . . . $48 
Shift Key Modification $7 


COPY II PLUS 


The ultimate copy program. For 5.25"-3.5"- 
Hard drives. 

8.4 w/5'/4 diskette $15 

9.0 w/5'/4 & 372 diskettes $25 


APPLEWORKS CLOSEOUTS! 


Lower Case Adapter. Rev. 7&up $12 


COMPLETE PACKAGE: 

Startup/program diskette, tutorial diskette, 

sample templates, & A.W. manual. 

Appleworl(8 Version 1.2 Package $59 


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works compatible. Free software $39 


k 5 YEAR NO HASSLE WARRANTY ON ALL PC BOARDS! i 
f CALL or WRITE FOR OUR COMPLETE PRICE LIST! i 
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^^i^ Monday-Friday 10 a.m.-6 p.m. Pacific Time 



Circle 105 on Reader Service Card. May 1 991 • inCider/A+ •71 



BRIDGING 

MJ THE GAP 



how. You need a tool to translate the Mac's 
or Apple IlGS' printing instructions into 
something that the IIP can understand. 
Not an easy task, but several companies 
provide such decoders. 

On the Mac side, Orange Micro has 
been helping users connect to non-Apple 
printers for years. The company's 
Grappler LX printer-interface box (the 
Grappler name should be familiar to 
long-time Apple II owners) links a Mac's 
printer port with the parallel port on the 
IIP. You don't print with Apple's fonts; 
instead you use the five fonts Orange 
Micro bundles with the interface. If you 
desktop publish, though, this limited 
number of fonts may cripple you, but if 
most of your printer time is spent crank- 
ing out word-processing documents, you 
shouldn't need more fonts. 

Insight's MacPrint takes a different 
approach. It hands you screen fonts for 
every Hewlett-Packard-resident and 
cartridge-based font, so that you can use 
the HP's internal fonts (or those available 
on any font cartridge plugged into the 
printer). Printing is fast, but to retain that 
speed you're limited to the printer's 
Courier fonts or forced to spend money on 
additional cartridges. 

Two printer-driver products arm the 
Apple IIgs with IIP compatibility. Vitesse's 
Harmonie and Seven Hills' Independence 
both let you print to the IIP frxDm an Apple 



IIgs. Installation is straightforward for 
both: Apple's Installer copies the required 
files to the system folder, you select the 
proper printer from the Control Panel, 
and then select PrirU fram the Apple menu 
of almost any lies application. 

Harmonie and Independence share 
several traits, ranging from selectable 
resolution (75-300 dots per inch) and 
printer support (LaserJet IIP and III, 
DeskJet, DeskJet Plus, and DeskJet 500) to 
the ability to print using true OS fonts. 
Harmonie, which Vitesse will upgrade 
soon to version 2.0, has the edge in 
features. You can compress the data sent to 
the printer for faster results, choose the 
number of shades of gray, and even 
change the contrast and brightness of the 
graphics images. Most important to IIP 
users, though, is Harmonic's capability to 
utilize the printer's internal fonts (but it 
can't use any from an installed font card). 
If you print with the HP's internal Courier 
fonts you may not get dazzling pages, but 
you'll get them fast. 

Neither Harmonie nor Independence 
wins points for speed. With Harmonie' s 
IIP driver, an AppleWorks OS page-layout 
document showing 1 2-point Times text, 
several draw objects, and two 640-mode 
graphics images took over 1 5 minutes to 
print at 300 dots per inch (dpi). Indepen- 
dence fared better: The same page rolled 
out of the printer two minutes faster. With- 



out question, the results were stunning. 
(See Figure 2.) But the thought of tying up 
the IIgs for hours printing an eight-page 
document isn't pretty. 

At 75 dpi, both Harmonie and Indepen- 
dence popped pages fix>m the IIP every 90 
seconds. Print quality is comparable to 
ImageWriter II output, except that blacks 
are full black, not the washed-out shade 
you see from even a slightly used ribbon. 

The LaserJet IIP isn't the perfect poly- 
gamous printer, even with interpreters 
such as Grappler LX, MacPrint, Harmonie, 
and Independence. But at a price about 
half that of the least expensive PostScript 
printer, it makes some sense in home and 
home-office setups in which Macs and 
Apple IlGSes congregate. 

SPEND SOME, GET SOME 

Apple preaches a philosophy of shared 
peripherals — printers, keyboards, mice, 
and hard-disk drives that can flip from 
Macintosh to Apple and back. Making 
your system work with a printer can be a 
snap or a slugfest, depending on how 
much money you spend. 

If you can afford one, a PostScript 
printer should be your first choice. Con- 
necting this laser printer to several IIgs 
and Macintosh machines takes but a few 
minutes. Pages fly out of the printer and 
type looks sharp. 

If money is no object, pick the QMS 410 
laser printer and plug an AppleTalk 
network into its LocalTalk port. You may 
want to attach a PC to the parallel port 
while you're at it. 

Money is the object for many of us, 
though, so the LaserJet IIP, tortoise-like 
printer drivers and all, gets the nod. As 
slow as it is, it still prints cleaner text and 
sharper graphics images than any dot- 
matrix printer. 

Bridging the gap may be the best way to 
avoid printer envy, the best way to keep 
quality up and costs down. And maybe, just 
maybe, it'll mean I've unpacked and 
installed my last printer. □ 

Gregg Keizer has been using Apple lis since 
1983 and was the founder and editor of 
CoMPUTErs Apple Applications, a bimonthly 
PUBLICATION. Write to him at 614 Linden 
Street, Shreveport, LA 71104. Enclose a 
self-addressed, stamped envelope if you'd 
like a reply. 



PRODUCT INFORMATION 



Grappler LX 


Independence 


Mieroiaser PS35 


Orange Micro Inc. 


Seven Hills Software Corp. 


Texas Instruments 


1400 N.Lakeview Avenue 


2310 Oxford Road 


RO. Box 202230 


Anaheim, CA 92807 


Tallahassee FL 323Q4-3930 


Austin. TX 78720-2230 


C800] 223-8029 


C800) 627-3838 


(800) 527-3500 


C7 14) 779-2772 


(904) 575-0566 


$2499 


$199 


$3995 


$2644 with AppleTalk 


Harmonie 


LaserJet IIP 


Okilaser 840 


Vitesse, Inc 


Hewlet-Packard 


□kidata 


1 3909 Amar Road 


Hewlet-Packard Inquiries 


532 Fellowship Road 


Suite 2 


19310 Pruneridge Avenue 


Mount Laurel, NJ 08054 


La Puente, CA 91746 


Cupertino. CA 95014 


(609) 235-2600 


(818)813-1270 


(800) 752-0900 


$29.99 


$49.95 each 


$1295 




$29.97 each for 5 




QMS 410 


$27.47 each for 8-24 


MacPrint 


QMS Inc. 


$24.98 each for 25 or more 


Insight Development. Corp. 


One Magnum Pass 




2200 Powell #500 


Mobile. AL 36618 


ImageWriter II. $595 


Emeryville. CA 94608 


(800) 523-2696 


UaerWriter II NT. $4499 


(800) 825-4115 


(205) 633-4300 


LoealTblk Connector Kit, $75 


(415) 652-4115 


$2795 


Apple Computer, Inc. 


$149 





•20525 Mariani Avenue 
Cupertino, CA 95014 
(800) 776-2333 



72 • inCider/A+ • Mav 1991 



GOLEM 

If ¥€W B®i*l S@e Ifi Cil Us 



P.O. BOX m 

WESTLAKE VILLAGE, CA 913W 





QUICKIE SCANNER 
VITESSE 

Now you can integrate crisp, 
clean line art, text & halftones 
into your newsletters, reports & 
flyers. The Quickie hand-held 
image scanner scans images at 
up to 400DPI within seconds! 



APPLIED ENGtNEERING Conserver 
GS Power Supply 
CH PRODUCTS Mach 
KENSINGTON System Saver (lIGS) 
Anti-Glare Filter (lIGS) 
LASER COMPUTER Mouse 
RIBBONS 



34. 
45. 
Call 



PRINTERS 



LASER COMPUTER 

190A (ImageWrlter I Compatible Serial) 
P ANASONIC KX-P 1180 

I UTILITY/LANGUAGE 



APPLE HyperCard 



I MEMORY & INTERFACE | 

APPLIED ENGINEERING Transwarp GS 255. 

Audio Animator 160. 

Ram Works III 1MB (lie) 172. 

GS-Ram PLUS 2MB 229. 

GS-RamlMMB 137. 

Z Ram Ultra 2 - 1MB (lie) 240. 

Ram Express II 1MB (llc + ) 180. 

PC Transporter 768K 255. 

MAC Ram Classic Call 
CHINOOK 

Ram 4000 1MB 129. 

Ram 4000 2MB 162. 

DIGITAL VISION Computer Eyes (lIGS) 195. 

HARRIS LABORATORIES SE Max (MAC) Call 

Velocitas (Me, HQS) 259. 

MC Meg CI (1MB MAC Classic) 135. 

GS Sauce 1MB 132. 

GS Sauce 2MB 169. 

MEMORY Dram Call 

THUNDERWARE Lightnlngscan (lIGS) 196. 

ZIP TECHNOLOGY Zip Chip CAII 



HARD/FLOPPY DISK DRIVES 



APPLIED ENGINEERING 

Vulcan Hard Drive 20MB 

Vulcan Hard Drive 40MB 

5</4 Drive (llc/lle, HQS) 

3'.^ Dalsychainable Drive (lle/IIGS/llc + ) 

Daisychainable High Density 
CMS Hard Drive 20MB w/Apple SCSI 
Hard Drive 40MB w/Apple SCSI 
Hard Drive SOMB w/Apple SCSI 
LASER COMPUTER 
External Disk Drive (S'A") 
Universal Disk Controller 



499. 
649. 
125. 
199. 
250. 
499. 
575. 



BEST MATCH FOR 

APPLE'S HYPERCARD 




The RAM 4000 

1 MB $129. 

2 MB $162. 

CHINOOK 

DAM Compatible, 100% com- 
patible with the Apple II High- 
Speed SCSI card and the 
RAMFast SCSI Card. 
Supports 1, 2 and 4MB conf. 
Supports ROM1 & ROMS HQS 
Multi-layer printed circuit board 
5 year warranty. 



GENESYS $89.00 

SSSi, INC. 

Allows the creation, editing & 
maintenance of program 
resources using a truly 
WYSIWYG. Menu bars, 
menus, menu items, windows, 
dialogs, strings, icons, cursors, 
aJerts, controls and much more 
can easily be created or edited 
without compiling or linking a 
single line of code. 



Mavis Beacon Teaches Typing (lle/llc) 




MECC World Geograph (lIGS) 


56. 


U.S. Geograph (lIGS) 


56. 


Oregon Trail 


27. 


PYWARE Music Writer Level 1 (lIGS) 


79. 


Music Writer Level 2 (lIGS) 


199. 


STUDYWARE Computer Prep SAT 


33. 


THE LEARNING COMPANY 




Reader Rabbit (lIGS) 


36. 


Children's Writing Putilishing Center 


ea. 36. 


WEEKLY READER 




Shapes. Opposites, ABC's (HQS) 


ea. 30. 


1 ENTERTAINMENT | 


ACCOLADE Grand Prix Circuit (HQS) 


27. 


Test Drive II (lIGS), Hardball (lIGS) 


ea. 28. 


CALIFORNIA DREAMS Blockout (lIGS) 


27. 


Tunnels of Armageddon (lIGS) 


27. 


COMPUTEK Solitaire/Cribbage (lIGS) 


ea. 25. 


Solitare Vol. II (lIGS) 


27. 


Gin Rummy/Cribbage/Solitaire 


ea. 14. 


ELECTRONIC ARTS Bard's Tale 


Call 


Immortal (lIGS), Chessmaster 2100 


ea. 32. 


Pipe Dream, Hunt for Red October 


ea. 22. 


MEDIAGENIC Battlechess (lIGS) 


ea. 30. 


MINDSCAPE Balance of Power (lIGS) 


32. 


Captain Blood (lIGS), Hostage (lIGS) 


ea. 30. 


SPECTRUM Tetris (lie, lIGS) 


ea. 24. 


VICTORY 2088 Cryllian Mission 


33. 



I HOME/PERSONAL 

ABRACADATA Landscape (lIGS) 
Architecture (lIGS). Interior (I ICS) 
BEAGLE BROS. Platinum Paint (lIGS) 
BRODERBUND The Hew Print Shop 
The Print Shop (lIGS) 
The Print Shop Libraries (lIGS) 
The New Print Shop Libraries 



INTUIT Quicken 
MECA Managing Your Money 
MECC Calendar Crafter 
MOUSE SYSTEM ADB Track Ball 



58. 

30. 

37. 
ea. 23. 
ea. 17, 

23. 

38. 
210. 

33. 

72. 



BUSINESS 



BEAGLE BROS. BeagleWrite GS 59. 

AppleWorks 3.0 Companion 23. 

Outliner (Appleworks 3.0) 41. 

BRODERBUND Bank Street Writer Plus 47. 

CLARIS Appleworks GS V1.1 192. 

Appleworks V3.0 168. 

SENSIBLE SOFTWARE Sensible Speller 68. 

Sensible Grammar Checker 52. 

SEVEN HILLS Graphics Writer III GS. 75. 

TIMEWORKS Publish It 3 74. 

WORDPERFECT WordPerfect (lIGS) 104. 



MODEMS 



APPLIED ENGINEERING Dataltnk 2400 
Datalink Express Ext. w/soft 



160. 
160. 



COMPUTERS 



LASER COMPUTER Laser 12eE 
Laser 128EX 

Laser 128EX/2(5V4" Drive) 



325. 
370. 
400. 



BEAGLE BROS. Timeout Graph 
Performance Pack 


52. 
73. 


1 EDUCATION 








Style Pack 


86. 


BARRON'S Study Program For SAT V2.0 


32. 


Decision Pack 


99. 


BR1TANNICA Jigsaw (lIGS) 


25. 


Textools 


31. 


Algebra 1st Sem., 2nd Sem. (Bundle) 


ea. 47. 


Superforms, Superfonts 


ea. 42. 


BRODERBUND Science Tool Kit 


49. 


BYTE WORKS ORCA/C, Pascal (lIGS) 


ea. 80. 


Where In USA (lIGS), VCR Companion 


ea. 30. 


OHCA/Desktop (lIGS). ORCA/M 1.1 


ea. 39. 


Where in Europe, Where in USA 


ea. 27. 


CENTRAL POINT Copy Two Plus 


25. 


Where in World (lIGS), Where in Time 


ea. 29. 


GLEN BREDON ProSel 16 


79. 


Geometry (liGS) 


53. 


INSYNC Preterm V2.2 


78. 


The Play Room (He, 3'/^f) 


27. 


ROGER WAGNER Hyper Studio (lIGS) 


82. 


McGee, Katies Farm (HQS Bundle) 


50. 


WESTCODE Inwords 


79. 


DAVIDSON & ASSOCIATES 




VrTESSE Exerciser (lIGS) 


27. 


Math & Me (lIGS), Reading & Me (HQS) 


ea. 32. 


Renaissance (lIGS), Guaradian (lIGS) 


ea. 29. 


Word Attack Plus. Math Blaster Mystery 


ea. 29. 


Wings (lIGS) 


49. 


Math Blaster Plus, Alge Blaster Plus 


ea, 29. 


Harmonie, Deliverance 


ea. 29. 


ELECTRONIC ARTS 




Salvation Supreme 


132. 


Mavis Beacon Teaches Typing (lIGS) 


32. 




NEXUS 



for 



lIGS 



The Next Generation of 
Hypermedia 

Link Text, Graphics & Sound 

DATASMITH $80. 

NEXUS {"noun, a linked list") 
is revolutionary new software 
from the folks at dataSmith. It 
lets you quickly link your stan- 
dard text and graphics files 
without changing those files! 
Click on a word, then click on 
the file you want it linked to. 
Linking graphic files is just as 
simple. Link text & graphics 
created with your word pro- 
cessor and paint program. You 
never need to re-enter data. 
NEXUS never changes your 
original files. The uses in home, 
education, business, and 
recreation are limited only by 
your imagination! 



GOLEM CARRIES AN EXTENSIVE LINE OF MAC PRODUCTS— CALL FOR PRICING 

• To order call toll free or send check or money order to the P,0. Box only. VISA/MC, American Express and C.O.D. welcome. • California residents add 6.25% sales tax. • Defective items will be replaced or repaired 
at our discretition; call for Return Authorization number. • Restocl<ing fee of 15% will apply on return items. • Shipping and handling: Continental U.S.-Software: $5.00. Hardware: 5% ($6,00 min,). APO. FPO Alaska, 
Hawaii. Puerto Rico and Canada: • Software: $8,00 min. Hardware: 10% ($10.00 min,), • Foreign - Call or FAX. All items subject to availability. Prices/Stipulations subject to change without notice. 



CALL FOR FRIENDLY 
AND KNOWLEDGABLE 
SERVICE AND ADVICE 
Mon.-Fri. 7am-6pm / Sat. 9am-4pm Pacific Time 



800-248-0363 



FAX: (805) 498-7689 



INTERNATIONAL ORDERS 
AND SCHOOL PO S 
WELCOME 

1111 Rancho Conejo Blvd., #407 • Newbury Park, CA 91320 



Circle 84 on Reader Service Card. 




RESS 

ROOM 



Show-Offs 



Don't settle for drab black-and-white publications. 
With a splash of color you can turn on your 
audience and turn up your circulation. 



By CYNTHIA E. FIELD, Ph.D. 

DAY AND NIGHT. DAZZLING AND 
dull, That*s the difference between a 
colorful desktop-published project and a 
black-and-white one. Adding colorful 
touches to desktop publications is neither 
difficult nor expensive. Thanks to a slew of 
low-cost color-enhancing techniques, it 
doesn't matter whether you're using The 
New Print Shop (or The Print Shop IlGS), 
Publish It!, GraphicWriter III, Apple- 
Works GS, or even AppleWorks 3.0 to 
create your newsletter, announcement, or 
promotional piece. 

For small press runs consider generating 
color printouts on an ImageWriter II. 
After all, you can get a lot of mileage out 
of a $6 four-color ribbon. If drawbacks 
inherent in this method — pokey speed 
and distracting noise levels — turn you oflF, 
use your desktop-publishing (DTP) 
program^s best-quality printing method to 
create a full-color master. Then take the 
master to a quick-print shop offering color 
photocopying services. 

STATE OF THE ARTIST 

At a dollar or so apiece, color photo- 
copies aren't cheap, but the excellent qual- 
ity copies we've gotten from a local shop's 
Kodak color unit should please all but the 
most finicky recipients. We wouldn't 



hesitate to pay for a couple dozen full- 
color photocopies of a poster or a one- 
page production, but if you're publishing 
a multipage newsletter, this method could 
become pricey. You may want to restrict 
color to the cover and use ordinary black 
toner to photocopy other pages. 

You also could generate photocopies with 
single-color toner other than black. Many 
quick printers can make photocopies in 
blue, red, green, or 
brown. One shop 
in our area pro- 
motes cobr copying 
on selected days: 
blue on Monday, 
green on Wednes- 
day, and so on. 
Each copy made 
with single-color 
toner costs just a 
couple cents more 
than one that*s 
printed in black. 

Another color- 
ful method that's 
suitable for small 
press runs is man- 
ual foil stamping, 
a technique that 
fuses the color 
from a sheet of 
film to a black- 



and-white photocopy. (See "Living Color," 
August 1990, p. 48, for our description of 
three do-it-yourself products.) Based on 
price and performance, we prefer 
Letraset's Color-Tag system. Begin with a 
laser-printed original or a black photo- 
copy, then overlay selected text or graphics 
areas with a piece of colored film — it's 
available in nearly four dozen hues in 
matte, metallic, and glossy finishes. 

Now rub the heated hand-held appli- 
cator over the film the same way you'd run 
a flatiron over a piece of clothing. The 
heat and pressure fuse the film's color with 
the underlying toner particles. 

Adding color with film can be fiis^y work 
and the procedure requires a bit of 
patience, but the results are well worth the 
effort. Business-report covers, especially, 
look attractive when you enhance them 
this way. 




Figure 1. Idea Art stationery. 




^Figure 2. Print Shdp letterhead Ibr Show Window document. 



74 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Truth is, though, you may have 
purchased your Apple II to speed up the 
publishing process — not slow it down 
with manual enhancements such as 
ColorTag. If you want to mass-produce a 
publication, but still offer some color, 
simply photocopy or offset-print the orig- 
inal onto any of the hundreds of colored 
papers available. 

PAPER CHASE 

And where can you find special stock? 
For in-house use, we buy from P^perDirea, 
a mail-order firm specializing in a unique 
variety of paper sold in reasonably small 
quantities. The company sells a PaperKit 
that includes samples of its paper and 
envelopes; the $20 price tag is refundable 
with your first order. If youVe convinced 
that neon orange paper would help your 
publication draw attention, fear not: 
PaperDirect has it. 



Besides ordinary colors and an assort- 
ment of parchments, PaperDirect sells 
classy paper that looks like granite or 
marble. We've also created a host of 
great-looking desktop publications with 
the company's Gradations stock. Perhaps 
unequaled in attractiveness is the com- 
pany's Desktop Design line. This stock — 
including Ambassador f Deco, Bouquet, Hole 
in One, Dollars and Sense, and Red, White 
and Blue — sports striking preprinted 
full-color borders. We've used Desktop 
Design papers to print genealogy charts 
we framed and gave to friends and rela- 
tives in lieu of birthday cards. In January's 
Press Room ("Desktop Genealogy," p. 78) 
we describe the templates we designed to 
create these charts. 

PaperDirect isn't the sole source of illus- 
trated papers, though. Alvin and Company 
markets a DECAdry Print line of papers, 
with preprinted backgroimd designs rang- 



ing from a bombs-bursting fireworks 
display to a placid tropical-island scene. A 
third company, Idea Art, sells a complete 
line of handsomely illustrated papers. The 
company's full-color catalogue provides a 
storehouse of ideas you can implement at 
home, in school, or at work. Whether you 
want to promote a special sale or get an 
early start on your 1991 Christmas greet- 
ings, the Idea Art catalogue is an excellent 
place to begin. 

Just last fall we used one of the com- 
pany's preprinted letterhead papers with 
AppleWorks 3.0 to create a promotional 
letter for a Cape Cod motel. (See the head- 
ing design in figure 1.) We typed the letter 
with the i^pleWorks 3.0 word processor. At 
the top of the page we reserved space for 
the stationery's preprinted Be Our Guest 
illustration by pressing Open apple-O 
(OA-O) to access the Printer Options menu. 
We set the top mai^in (TM) to 3.7 inches. O 



PRODUCT INFORMATION 


AppleWorks 3.0, $249 


Idea Art Letter Paper 


AppleWorks GS, $2BB 


$2. 95/25-sheet pack 


Claris Corporation 


(quantity pricing available) 


5201 l^atrick Henry Drive 


Show Window Envelopes 


RO. 80x58168 


$3.90/25-envelope pack 


Santa Clara, CA 95052-81 68 


(quantity pricing available) 


C415] 987-7000 


IdeaArt 




RO. Box 291505 


ColorTag 


Nashville. TN 37229-1505 


Letraset USA 


(800) IDEA-ART 


40 Eisenhower Drive 


(615) 889-6731 


Paramus, NJ 07653 




(201)845-6100 


The New Print Shop 


$99.95 


$49.95 




The Print Shop llos 


DECAdry Print Paper 


$59.95 


Alvin and Company 


Broderbund Software, Inc. 


RO. Box 188 TO 


1 7 Paul Drive 


Windsor, CT 06095 


San Rafael, CA 94903-2101 


(203) 243-8991 


C800) 521-6263 


designs 


(415) 492-3200 


$4.50/1 0-sheet pack 




$39. 95/1 00-sheet pack 


Publish It! 3 


graduated color 


Timeworks Inc. 


$3. 75/1 0-sheet pack 


444 Lake Cook Road 


$33.75/1 00-sheet pack 


Deerfield. IL 60015 


(800) 535-9497 


Desktop Design Paper 


(708) 948-7626 


$16.75 to $22.50/ 


$129.95 


100-5heet pack 




PaperKit and PaperSelector 


TImeOut FileMaster 


$19.95 plus $2.50 shipping 


Beagle Bros 


(refundable with first order) 


6215 Ferris Square 


PaperDirect 


Suite 1 00 


57 Romanelli Avenue 


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QUICK TIPS FROM PRESS ROOM READERS 

• Sam B. Hughey, a member of the Tarrant Apple Group 
In Hurst, Texas, needed to incorporate a long quotation 
from one issue of his Publish lt!-designed newsletter into 
another That wouldn't have been a problem — except 
that Hughey's original AppleWorks 3.0 word-processing 
file had somehow self-destructed! As you know, you can 
import AppleWorks 3.0 word-processing files into Publish 
It! via the File menu, but the DTP program offers no 
reciprocal exporting feature. Hughey's solution? Use 
TimeOut FileMaster to convert the Publish It! newsletter 
file to ASCII format. Hughey also points out that Publish 
It! 2 fans can expand their typeface repertoire by 
employing TimeOut FileMaster to convert public-domain 
fonts to Publish It! 2-compatible format. 

• Speaking of fonts, reader Jim Meece has this bit of 
advice for Publish It! users with single 5.25-inch disk 
drives. On a backup copy of the original program disk, 
delete the file DTP HELP Then copy the fonts you 
commonly use from the Fonts disk to the modified 
program disk to alleviate the constant disk swapping 
required during printing. According to Meece, you should 
be able to fit about nine selected font files into the space 
taken up originally by the on-line help file. On-line help will 
no longer be available, but you can refer to the program's 
manual or reference card instead. If you're involved in a 
variety of projects. Meece suggests that you create a 
number of program disks, each with a different font mix. 



May 1991 • lnClder/A+ • 75 




Idea Art's illustrated letterhead papers, 
which cost about ten cents per sheet, work 
especially well with the company's line of 
Show Window envelopes. Available in 
white, tan, blue, green, yellow, and red, 
these envelopes sport panoramic windows 
through which the letterhead graphics illus- 
trations appear. At about 14 cents apiece, 
the envelopes are fairly expensive, but offer 
considerable benefit. According to Alicia 
Orr in the August 1990 issue of Target 
Marketing, "The cold-hearted tmth is you 
have about three seconds to make recipients 
open your envelope and get to your offer." 

PICTURE WINDOWS 

If you use a full-featured DTP program, 
you can enjoy the best of all worlds: Just 
combine your custom illustrated piece with 
a Show Window envelope. Designing your 
own stationery not only saves money, but 
helps you exercise your creativity as well. 
Whether you use Publish It!, AppleWorks 



GS, or another DTP prognim, all you have 
to do is reserve the top 3.75 inches or so of 
the layout page for the graphics image or 
message that will later show through the 
envelope's panoramic window. For best 
results, also leave a .5-inch margin on the 
left- and right-hand sides of the page. 

With earlier versions of Publish It!, use 
the program's text tool and Show Specifica- 
tions feature (OA-M) to create a dummy 
text box delineating this top work area. 
With Publish It! 3, you can specify Custom 
Guides from the Special menu instead. 
Cordoning off the top section of a page is 
a snap with either GraphicWriter III or 
AppleWorks GS. Simply drag custom 
guides into place on the program's vertical 
and horizontal screen rulers. 

With this top area of the page reserved, 
you're ready to create the graphic and text 
that will appear in the Show Window enve- 
lope. Use the rest of the page to incorpo- 
rate additional text and graphics elements 



to help communicate your message. Also, 
full-panel letterhead graphics (Rgure 2) 
provided with The Print Shop IlGS and 
The New Print Shop work well with Show 
Window envelopes. 

DIFFERENT STROKES 

Whether you prefer to prepare a publi- 
cation with a traditional word-processing 
program or a full-fledged DTP program, 
illustrated papers such as those offered by 
Idea Art are a perfect way to add impact to 
your message. No matter the program, just 
insert the finished piece into a matching 
Show Window envelope. When seconds 
count, you can be confident that recipients 
will put your publication into the "must 
read" pile — not the circular file. □ 

C()NTRiBUTiNt. Editor Cynthia E. Field is a 

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76 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Circle 231 on Reader Service Card. 



INTRODUCING 

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Circle 186 on Reader Service Card. 



PLE IIGS 

BASICS 



Battle of the Languages 

Find out from four leading developers 
which languages do what best for 
your next programming project. 



By RON LICHTY 

EVER WONDER WHICH LANGUAGE 
to choose for your next programming 
project? Or which language you should 
learn first — or next? In May 1989, and 
again in September, four preeminent 
language developers came together at two 
consecutive AppleFests to debate the 
merits of the four leading languages on 
the Apple IlGS. 

Apple II programming pioneer and 
Merlin assembler publisher Roger Wag- 
ner argued the merits of assembly 
language. ORCA languages publisher 
Mike Westerfield supported Pascal APW 
languages product manager Tim Swihart 
made the case for C. And BASIC book 
author and A2-Central newsletter publish- 
er Tom Weishaar defended BASIC. 

Mike Westerfield, in organizing the 
panel, chose the participants for their 
senses of humor and their technical 
expertise. He asked me to moderate — 
specifically, to keep the commercials 
infrequent, the jargon low, and the 
repartee snappy. 

As I pointed out to our audiences, if 
you consider that programmers become 
very religious about their choice of 
language, these panelists represent four 
of the leading religious leaders of our 
time. Here's our dialogue. 



Ron Lichty: First, let's have our panelists 
introduce their languages. 

Roger Wagner: Before we begin talking 
about assembly language, you must realize 
that assembly-language progranmiers help 
maintain the myth that it's difficult to 
learn. On the Apple lie, though, you only 
need to learn roughly 50 assembly- 
language commands — half as many 
commands as in BASIC. (If word got 
around that you need so few commands, 
we assembly-language progranmiers would 
be out of our jobs!) 

So, you're asking yourself, why should I 
program in assembly language? Well, 
there are a couple of key reasons. One is 
that assembly language will give you the 
best conceptual understanding of the 
machine. You have direct contaa with the 
concept of memory, for ^example, when 
you have to grab a byte from one memory 
location and put it in another. If you type 
PRINT HELLO in BASIC and the word 
HELLO appears on screen, you've accom- 
plished your job, but you've no concept of 
how it happened. 

Inevitably, all languages run in 
assembly language. What they create is 
machine-language code that the com- 
puter's microprocessor executes. All 
high-level languages have provisions for 
incorporating machine language, real- 



izing that's really where the action is at. 

In assembly language it's also easier to 
extrapolate into those areas where you 
don't have the information you need. If 
your reference books aren't 100 percent 
complete, assembly language lets you see 
every single thing that the processor is 
doing at the most fundamental level. 

Assembly language isn't the same as 
machine language. With machine 
language, you literally poke litde numbers 
into memory manually, which, deservedly, 
has a bad reputation. Assembly language 
merely uses an assembler — a word 
processor of programming — to let you 
order the instructions before they get stuck 
in memory. 

Mike Westerfield; I've written commercial 
programs in every language represented 
here, and I can tell you flat out that the 
language I pick most often to write high- 
level programs is Pascal. I even write our 
C compiler in Pascal with assembly- 
language subroutines. 

After Nicholas Wirth introduced Pascal 
as an educational language, almost every 
university-level textbook on algorithms 
switched over from ALGOL to Pascal. The 
only time you find the other languages is 
when someone is trying to teach them to 
you. Pascal is that good. 

Roger's right — you should learn assem- 
bly language eventually if you're going to 
be a professional programmer. But I 
compare using assembly language to write 
big programs to a cook deciding to create 
a meal by going in after the individual 
atoms — he'd finish the meal more quickly 
if he started off with a few canned prep- 
arations or maybe a plant or two. 

Pascal had a bad reputation in the 8-bit 
world of the Apple II because it was slow. 
BASIC had the same rap, and it was justi- 



78 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



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IIIGS 

BASICS 



fied on the Apple II. Assembly language was the only language 
that would run quickly on the Apple II, making an entire gener- 
ation of programmers come over to the Apple IlGS with the idea 
that they could write a good program only in assembly language. 

I'd like to give you some brief numbers to try to convince you 
that this idea is hogwash. According to Byte benchmarks, if you use 
an Apple II in assembly language you could do the Sieve of 
Eratosthenes (a method of obtaining all the primes in a segment of 
natural numbers) in about 13.5 seconds. In BASIC, it took several 
minutes to run. Even in Pascal it was up around three minutes. 
Those who cared about speed would perform this mathematical 
operation in assembly language. If you program on the Apple 
IIgs, a machine that represents all these languages fairly well, 
you'll And that Pascal will do the Sieve in about seven seconds. 
Assembly language can do it in about half that time, but most 
often, that time difference isn*t long enough to matter; therefore, 
you should use Pascal instead of assembly language. 

Unfortunately, I don*t know what Tim's going to say, so it's kind 
of hard to get after him. But Fd point out that I've never under- 
stood the reason people use a language as dangerous as C to write 
commercial code. Although this language is flexible, when you 
work with C you work without a safety net. If you pass it two inte- 
gers and the subroutine expects three integers, the compiler can't 
tell you about your mistake. Even its results are unpredictable. 



I'm not going to tell you not to use C. You can use it as a too 
when Pascal's type-checking gets in the way and you're trying t< 
get a job done without having to go to assembly language. But ( 
shouldn't be your first language; understanding it is difficul 
because it's a write-only language. (You write it and you can't rea( 
it later.) C is Pascal with the meaning removed. I'd recommenc 
learning assembly language before you learn C. In fact, I've neve: 
met a good C programmer who didn't know assembly language 

I guess the best comment I have on BASIC is that it's free on th< 
Apple II — and you get what you pay for. 

Hm Swihait: Most programmers learn to program on their AppL 
lis in BASIC because, like Mike said, it's free, and they don't hav< 
to worry about syntax because BASIC almost doesn't have one 
BASIC is interpreted so that you can enter commands one at j 
time imtil you get them right, then put them in your program. It' 
a great place to start — until you're ready to show it to your friend 
who'll kind of snicker and go away laughing. 

So your next step is usually assembly language, because every 
body says, "Gee, that's where the speed's at," Assembly is reall] 
nice, Roger — instead of typing two characters at a time ii 
machine language, you get to type three characters at a time witl 
such descriptive, word processor-like readability as MVP and MVN 
That's not Most Valuable Player and Most Valmhle Number — that' 



The People Behind the Ideas 

Roger Wagner was teaching school when he bought his first 
Apple II in 1978. Since then, he's been a regular colunnnist for 
one or another of the Apple II magazines for almost a decade 
Ccurrently he appears in Nibble ), and he wrote Assem bly Lines 
and A pple IIgs Mach ine Language for Beginners. His company. 
Roger Wagner Publishing, Inc.. has published BASIC language 
add-ons, the popular Merlin assembler, the MouseWrite word 
processor, and the runaway best-seller HyperStudio. 

Mike Westerfield learned BASIC in high school and ALGOL in 
college, but didn't intend a career in programming until the Air 
Force ignored his master's degree in physics and sent him to 
mainframe assembly-language school in Denver Not long after, 
he sold his car to buy an Apple II. When Apple needed a devel- 
opment system for the IIgs, it called on Mike and his company. 
The Byte Works, to turn his ORCA development environment 
into APW, the Apple IIgs programmer's workshop that sup- 
ports assembly. C. and Pascal. The Byte Works produces 
ORCA-environment assembly, C, and Pascal language trans- 
lators. Mike was a regular columnist for the late Call-A.RRL E. 
and 8/1 B magazines, and has developed beginning programming 
classes for America Online. He also writes talking children's- 
software books. 

Tim Swihar^ first learned FORTRAN on a mainframe, which he 
describes as "kind of like hacking pebbles with a very large 
bulldozer" He then learned BASIC, but says, "I was able to 
recover through the therapy of assembly language and later 
C. " Tim was working for a Texas defense contractor when 
Apple Computer wooed him away to product-manage APW, 
as well as Apple's own Macintosh-to-!lGS CMPW IIgs) cross- 
development system. He had already made a name for himself 



in the Apple IIgs world as Apple II Languages Forum sysop 
for GEnie. as a writer for Call-A. RRL. E . , and as a developer 
of the shareware and freeware programs Two Apples and the 
C cross-reference utility, He has since written extensive 
desk-accessory programming tutorials for magazines and 
on-line services. 

Tom Weisliaar first learned BASIC on an Apple II in 198D. and 
followed that with assembly language. But, he says, "I've 
never been smart enough to learn how to program in C or 
Pascal, which is why they let me talk about BASIC." He founded 
the major Apple II newsletter A2-Central Coriginally Open-Apple], 
after writing a magazine column and several computer books, 
including \bur Best Interest: A Mp_ney Book for the Comijuter 
Age, The DOStalk Scrapbook , and ProDOS Inside and Out. He 
also runs the Apple It areas on GEnie. A£-Central sponsors the 
A2-Central Summer Conference for Apple II developers (nick- 
named KansasFest], "where developers come and actually duke 
it out in shorts in Kansas in the summertime!" j 

Ron Lichty, the panel's moderator, started programming in 
1980 for fun, and taught himself BASIC, then assembly 
language from books. He spent the next seven years writing 
programs to run electronic door locks; word-process and 
spell-check on the Apple II, IBM PC, and Macintosh; and for 
the Apple IIgs Sales Demo Program. In his free time, he co- 
authored Programnning the 6581_B and Progra m ming the 
Agp.le lies in Assembly L anguage . tFor copies visit your local 
bookstore or send $32 to Ron Lichty. RO. Box 27262, San 
Francisco, CA 94127.) Three years ago. he moved to Apple 
to manage the Apple II development-tools product group, then 
the Macintosh object-oriented tools product-marketing group, 
before becoming lead engineer on the Apple IIgs Finder in 
December 1989. 



80 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



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May 1991 • mCider - SI 





Beat the heat 

Heat. The computer user's most insidious enemy. Periph- 
eral cards unavoidably produce heat inside your cpu. Heat 
that can devastate your whole system. Conserver ™ effectively 
cools your IIGS while it protects against power surges and 
helps organize your workspace. 

A quiet but powerful cooling fan draws 
air from the top of the IIGS at a rate of 18 
cubic feet per minute, lowering the tem- 
perature inside by more than 20 degrees to 
offset the heat produced by expansion 
cards. Tlie difference can be critical to 
the life of your computer. 

Power surges also invisibly threaten your com- 
puter's well-being. They occur when voltage spikes surge 
through your wiring seeking a place to dissipate. If that place 
is inside your computer, you'll very quickly gain a greater 
understanding of the laws of electricity. It's not a pretty sight. 

Special line conditioning filters and dual surge 
suppression circuitry protect against surges, reduce noise and 
provide "clean" power. Six switched AC power outlets line the 
rear of Conserver to accommodate your computer, monitor 
and four other peripherals. Thus protecting your computer 
and yoiu peripherals from surges. The outlets are conven- 
iently controlled by three front-mounted LED switches. 

For beauty, we gave Conserver the same sleek lines of the 
IIGS and a perfectly matched platinum color. To reduce 
desktop clutter, the unit was cleverly designed to house two 
3.5" disk drives, or one drive and the special diskette holder 
we include. 

Conserver $99 

Order today! 

To order or for more information, see your dealer or call 
(214) 241-6060 today, 9 am, to 1 1 pm, 7 days. Or send check 
or money order to Applied Engineering. MasterCard, VISA 
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Applied Engineering 

The Apple enhancement experts. 

A Division of AK Research Corporation 



(214) 241-6060 

p. 0. Box 5100 
Carrollton,n 75011 



Made 

USA 



■) 1990. AE Research, Inc. All rii-hf.s n'.s.seircil.Pnces subject to change withma notice. 
Brand ami product names are registered trademarks of their respective holders 



APPLE IIGS 

IM. BASICS 



Move Memory Positive and Move Memory Negative — figure that one 
out. Assembly language is for bit bangers who like to have fun 
typing incredible amounts of source code just to get a few bytes 
of executable image. 

From assembly, most people move on to Pascal because they 
want something that's more like English. Programming in Pascal 
is a lot like programming in C — only with your mother-in-law 
looking over your shoulder. Yes, the compiler catches everything 
you could possible do wrong. It also makes you eat your peas. 

Mike Westerfield: But your mother was right. 

Tim Swihart: The programmers who designed C took the best of 
both worlds. They grabbed an assembler, gave it a high-level 
pseudo interface, macro support, and loops and floating point, 
and they called it C, because they didn't even want a long name 
on their language. 

C is a little on the dangerous side. It's not for the meek, timid, 
or light of heart. It's for programmers who want the speed, power, 
and flexibility of assembly without the cryptic op codes and syntax. 
Try doing floating point in assembly. Better yet, just try adding 
two numbers in assembly in one line of code. Assembly is pretty 
darn verbose. So let's pass it on. C people like to keep it brief 

Roger Wagner: Modern-day assemblers typically have a fairly 
advanced macro ability that lets you add numbers in a single state- 
ment. A good assembler lets you create macros that look like high- 
level language, make a floating-point calculation, do a disk access, 
and so on. Some languages, though, let you code assembly 
language in the middle of the high-level language. The point is 
that the languages start blending together at some point. 

Tom Weishaar: The great advantage of BASIC, of course, is that 
it comes with the computer and it's free. I mean, what more do 
you want? The other big advantage, of course, is that dummies 
like me can learn how to program in it. You can write programs 
that are nice, short, capable of running — and that you don't have 
to compile. BASIC stands for Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruc- 
tion Code. The word "beginners" is important. That's what BASIC 
is all about. 

One of the big raps that BASIC gets is that once students have 
learned how to program in BASIC, they're "ruined" for any other 
language. But according to Classroom Computer Learning, March 
1989, in "But What Does the Research Say?" which summarizes 
some educational research, this theory isn't valid. [See the box on 
p. 83 for an excerpt from this article.] 

Applesoft is a nifty, programmable, calculator-type language, 
I don't recommend it for writing 3000-line programs because it 
has some limitations (It doesn't have a program editor, for exam- 
ple.) But in an earlier conference I actually heard someone say 
that he keeps an Apple II over in the corner and whenever he 
wants to test an algorithm or do a table, he goes over and writes 
a ten-line program in Applesoft. 

I even recently watched Roger Wagner write a program in 
Applesoft for the HyperStudio kiosk to calibrate its touch screen. 



82 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Programming in BASIC: 
Bad News or Good News? 

Although BASIC is the language most often 
taught in K-12 programming classes, some 
college computer-science faculty have attacked 
the language. Among them is Edsger Dijkstra 
of the University of Texas, who feels that "it is 
practically impossible to teach good program- 
ming to students who have had prior exposure 
to BASIC; as potential programmers, they are 
mentally mutilated beyond hope of regener- 
ation." Those are strong words particularly 
when his is an opinion rather than a conclu- 
sion based on solid research. 

To understand better the implications of 
teaching BASIC as a first computer language, 
researchers Janet McDonald and Phyllis 
Yudikaitis examined the performance of 
students at the University of New York at 
Albany in an introductory Pascal course. Inter- 
estingly, they found a significant positive 
correlation between knowledge of BASIC and 
grades in the Pascal course. Apparently prior 
BASIC experience actually helped instead of 
hindering student performance. In addition, 
45% of students without training in BASIC 
dropped the course, while only 24% of those 
with BASIC training dropped. And finally, 
interviews with a random sample of students 
indicated that those with BASIC experience 
felt it helped them in the Pascal course. 

There are a number of ways these results 
could be interpreted. None, however, involves 
a conclusion that learning to program in 
BASIC is "mentally mutilating." 

— "But What Does the Research Say?" 

Classroom Computer Learning, 
March 1989 



It was a two-line program and it was wonderful. And he didn't 
use assembly language! Our own Roger Wagner! 

The advantage and the beauty of Applesoft in particular is that 
it's always handy and it's easy to write short programs that really 
do things. 

Applesoft does have its limitations, and there are other, more 
advanced versions of BASIC that run on the GS that solve some 
of them. If you already know Applesoft, the other versions are 
quite easy to learn. There's no reason to ever have to learn 
anything else. 

That's it: BASIC is for beginners. Let's go for it. □ 




Power to spare 

Witk today^s advanced peripherals and applica- 
tions Apple didn't dream of a few years ago, it's easy to 
overload the standard Apple power supply That's why 
Applied Engineering now offers a heavy duty power 
supply for the IlGS, lie and II+. AEs Heavy Duty Power 
Supply more than doubles your Apple's power output. 

Expansion cards, disk driyes, accelerators, clock 
cards, modems, printer interfaces and the base com- 
puter itself all compete for the same power output. 
Expect to cranio all of them up at once, and you can 
find yourself on the short end of the sticl^. 

Applets standard power sapply provides only 25 
amps, compared to our 6 amp output AE's input voltage 
is 90 to 135 VAC/60 Hz or switchable to 180 to 270 
VAC/50 Hz. Output is: +5V @ 6A, +12V @ 2A, -5V @ 
.5A, -12V @ .5A. Ripple is: lOmV typ, and full load 
operating temperature is: 32° to 122°F (0° to 50°C). 

Hie AE Power Sapply installs in minutes using 
the same four mounting holes and occupying the same 
space as Apple's power supply Comes complete with 
a full one year warranty 

IlGS Power Sapply $119 

He, n+ Power Supply $99 

Order todayl To order or for more information, see 
your dealer or call (214) 24l-6060 today 9 am to 7 pm, 
7 days. Or send check or money order to Applied 
Engineering. MasterCard, VISA and CO.D. welcome 
Texas residents add 8 V4% sales tax. Shipping not 
included^^^ 

.^CApplied Engineering® 

The enhancement experts. 

A Division of AE Research Corporation 

(214) 241-6060 

P.O. Box 5100 

Carrollton, TX 75011 [fSA 

©1990. AE Research, Inc. All rights reserved. Prices subject to change without notice Brand 
and product names are registered trademarks of their respective holders. 



May 1391 • inDidBr/A+ • 83 



REVIEWS 

J, I, Continued from p. 32 



drive, the program claims a maximum 
1-megabyte-per-minute backup speed. It 
took me 36 minutes to back up 2460 files 
totaling about 17,400K to 22 data disks 
and one catalog disk. This works out to 
just under half a megabyte per minute, but 
I imagine one of the newer, faster SCSI 
cards would improve performance. You 
control the product through a standard 
Apple desktop interface, and you'll 
need the manual only occasionally as a 
reference. 

Salvation-Bakkup offers several diflFerent 
settings such as Verify and Interleave that 
can affect the speed and reliability of your 
backups. Verification will slow the process 
by about 15 percent, and a 2:1 interleave 
will increase the speed of a GS/OS floppy 
backup. The program also gives you 
control over the files and/or drives you 
want to back up. For instance, the Group 
Select command lets you stipulate file types, 
dates, and/or unarchived files. Once 
you've selected your devices (including 



RAM or ROM drives) and files, it tells you 
the number of disks the backup will 
require. You can then write to a 3.5- or 
5.25-inch drive, or a GS/OS pathname. 
Writing to a 5.25-inch drive isn't recom- 
mended — unless you're protecting a 
small volume and have a lot of patience. 

Small touches, such as a progress ther- 
mometer during the backup operation 
and the option to abort and resume later, 
make Salvation-Bakkup a fHendly program. 
You can print a list of your completed back- 
up files for reference, or even save your file 
and device selections as a macro for fumre 
use, Vitesse also includes most file/device 
selection features, such as the option to 
save your choices as a macro with the 
Restore command. 

One weak point is that the product 
doesn't include a file-compression option, 
which many backup packages for other 
hardware platforms offer. It'd be nice to see 
this feature included in the next update. 

Salvation-Bakkup is one of only two 



major commercial products capable of 
backing up a resource fork, the file struc- 
ture used by GS/OS 5.0.2 and later For this 
reason alone, Salvation-Backkup is a 
welcome addition to any software library. 
Garry Howard 
Calgary, Alberta, Canada 



THE IMMORTAL 



Electronic Arts, P.O. Box 7578, San Mateo, 
CA 94403-7578, 14151 572-2787 

Arcade-adventure game; 1 -megabyte 
Apple IIgs; 3.5-inch drive; joystick required; 
copy protection; $49.95 



□ S 10 



You're no longer young, but along with 
age comes wisdom, and your intellect 
lets your magic flourish. Your tutor 
was the powerful wizard Mordamir, and he 
helped you unleash magical powers that 
now, in your old age, more than replace 




TMS Peripherals offers a complete line of SCSI hard drives 
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Of course, each drive also comes with TMS ToU-Free Tech 
Support and our enthusiam for each of our products! 

For your convenience, we're open 8am-10pm (EDT) 7 days 
a week and all products ship Federal Express, Visa, Master 
Card, American Express, Optima, C.O.D.'s and RO.'s accepted. 
Mi/ prices subject to change. 



CV Technologies* 

CV Technologies 0, 1, 2, 3, & 4 MB 

GS-Memory Boards $89, 142, 194, 246. & 299 
RAM Chips: 256k 100ns (set of 8), $25 
1MB 100ns (set of 8), $69 
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407.482.3821 • FAX: 407.451.9635 



Circle 56 on Reader Service Card. 



84 • inC(der/A+ • May 1991 




The Immortal: fantasy and adventure. 



the strength of 
your youth. As you 
stare at the ruins 
of the ancient city 
of Erinoch, you 
realize the impor- 
tance of your 
powers. You stand 
there before the 
entrance to the 
underground 
labyrinth, beneath 
which your beloved master calls for help telepathically. Your task 
awaits: You're his last and best hope. 

NEW CLASSIC 

The Immortal, released by Electronic Arts for the Apple IlGS, 
is a sophisticated arcade-adventure game that surpasses 
similar entries with its graphics images, variety, animation, and 
challenge. Avid gamers will agree that The Immortal contains the 
ingredients of a classic; its programmers didn't forget the impor- 
tance of balancing arcade-like challenges with adventure. 

Quick reflexes are a must as you fight off trolls, spiders, and 
goblins, dodge poisonous arrows and flaming balls of fire, and 
evade deadly pits and flying bats. The Immortal places a wide 
variety of deadly obstacles in your path as you travel throughout 
the 50-plus chambers that make up the eight levels leading to the 
cavern that holds Mordamir prisoner. 

THE INTELLECTUAL ELEMENT 

The game isn't just a matter of fighting and jumping out of 
harm's way, though. You must solve puzzles, find allies, and 
discover magical objects. 

Every level has its own twists and turns, as well as at least one 
major challenge. By varying the emphasis from combat to conun- 
drum, the game keeps your interest from level to level. 

The Immortal handles magic nicely, too. You encounter the 
necessary but somewhat mundane fireballs, as well as the more 
esotic magic spells that make you change shape, shrink, and fly. 
The program doesn't spell out the function of the various items 
you find in the chambers: You need to experiment with them to 
discover their special powers. This element of the unknown sets 
the stage for mystery and suspense. 

INTO THE FRAY 

This product's graphics images rival the best found in the 
arcade-game market. The characters and monsters beneath the 
ruined city are large and well defined. Some full-screen shots in 
The Immortal are worth capturing and sending to the printer. 
Animation is impressively smooth and produces an almost cine- 
matic effect that heightens both the vicarious dangers and 
triumphs within the adventure. 

The game mechanics are simple, consisting of joystick move- 
ment and button pressing. (The software doesn't support the 
keyboard or mouse, though.) Combat, for example, comes in 
two forms of attack — the jab and the slash — and one form of 



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National AppleWorks Users Group 

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Cfrele 99 on Reader Service Card. 



JJEVIEWS 



defense — the parry. To jab, you push the 
joystick forward; to slash, you pull the 
joystick back, then move it forward. To 
parry, you move the joystick right and left, 
depending on the way you want your 
wizard to lean. 

Getting the hang of parrying is actually 
a bit difficult, because at times your 
wizard faces you and the movements are 
reversed. This different perspective may 
be confiising. As noted above, a good rule 
of thumb for defense is to move the 
joystick in the direction in which you want 
your character to lean. 



As you battle your way toward your 
imprisoned master, you pick up a wide 
variety of usefiil items. You access and use 
these items via the joystick. Pressing the 
right joystick button brings .up the contents 
of your pack; moving the cursor over the 
item desired and pressing either joystick 
button selects the item for use. 

You can't save a game in the middle of a 
level's adventure. When your wizard 
masters a level successfully, he's rewarded 
with a certificate. If you've quit a game, but 
want to return to the same level, type the 
certificate number when you reboot and 



you'll pick up at the last level you completed. 
The accompanying manual is complete 
and well written; it contains specific 
instructions for dealing with common 
situations and hints for figuring out the 
tough ones. 

For the fantasy gamers who enjoy using 
dexterity as well as his or her mind to win 
a game. The Immortal may well be the 
game you're waiting for. Its splendid 
graphics, constant action, and fantasy 
flavor will satisfy players for a long, long 
time — perhaps forever! 
Jim TrunzQ 
Leech burg, PA 

PIPE DREAM 

LucAsFiLM Games, distributed by Electronic 
Arts, 1820 Gateway Drive. San Mated, CA 
94404, (4151 571-7171 

Puzzle/strategy game; 1 28K Apple lie, He, 
5.25-inch disk drive, Iteyboard or mouse, 
$24.95; 512K liGS, 3.5-incli disk drive, 
keyboard, joystick, or mouse, $24.95; 
51 2K Macintosh Plus, SE. II, double-sided drive 
required, color or monochrome monitor, 
keyboard or mouse, $24.95 



Pipe Dream might be more aptly 
named "Pipe Nightmare." Anyone 
who's ever had a pipe burst or tried a 
Htde do-it-yourself home repair can relive 
the anxiety of gushing water and emer- 
gency plumbing in this wacky strategy- 
puzzle game from LucasFilm. 
YouVe the Plumber in Chief of the 




Can you control the flooz? 



Acme Chemical Company, the inventor of 
the miracle sewer cleaner dubbed flooz! 
The factory is making flooz faster than it 
can pump it into tank cars. Your task is to 
do an emergency plumbing job, using 
spare pieces of pipe, to keep the flooz 
from flooding the company grounds. 



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5.25" Cent. Card (DB19/20 Hn) $45.00 

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Graphic Parallel Printer Card $45.00 

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Hayes Micromodem 300 $29.00 

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AppleMonitor IU.{Refiirb) $65.00 

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Refiirbished Composite Monitor $45,00 

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IIc-^ Imagewriter I/H $12.00 

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ROM 01 344-0077B $29.00 

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Citizen GSX 140/200 $299.00/195.00 

Color Kit for Citizen Printer $55.00 

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ImageWriter I Printhead w/exch $75.00 

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AppleWorks 1.2w/disks $35.00 

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AppleWriter He 2.0 Manual $12.00 

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LaserWriter Plus $12.00 

Call us for other manuals 

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Ppwer Supplies 

Apple He Internal Fbwer Supply $29.00 

^ple He External Pbwer Supply $39.00 

Apple II +, He P/S Exchange* $49.00 

Apple n+. He. P/S No exchange $59.00 

j^ple Ilgs P/S Exchange $79.00 

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A pple II + Specific Chips 

ROMs DO,D8,E0,E8,F0,F8 ea. $14.95 

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ROM SPCL 341-0036 (Char ROM) $9.00 

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Apple 11+ $100.00 

Apple He,or Apple He $179.00 

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HyperCard vl.2..w/disks $29.00 

Mac 128/512 Main boaid $95.00/145.00 

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Mac 512/PIus Pbwer Supply* $175.00 

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Ile& lie Keyboards, /\pple It and Mac P/S, other products are subject to exchange, some credit available for other bad parts. 



86 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Circle 103 on Reader Service Card. 



The game is played in a series of rounds. 
Each round requires you to build as long 
a pipeline as you can before the flooz 
catches up with you. By placing and 
connecting pieces of pipe on an otherwise 
blank playing field while the flooz flows 
through the pipe already in place, you try 
to stay ahead of the mess. 

This game isn't nearly as easy as it 
sounds. Only one piece of pipe is available 
to you at a time, and there's no guarantee 
that it's the one that will connect cleanly 
to the section already on the playing field. 
You'll have to think ahead and anticipate 
connections several moves in advance. 

Once you place a piece you can't move it, 
so yoiu' task becomes even more compli- 
cated. Also you can't rotate, skip, or alter 
the pieces in any way. You can "bomb" a 
pipe by placing another on top of it, but 
you'll receive a penalty. Besides^ there's a 
time delay for replacing pipes, and a points 
penalty for using the bombing tactic. 

You complete a round when you've 
placed all the pieces you can on the play- 
ing field or when you're overtaken by the 
flooz.* You advance to the next level by 
making the flooz flow through a requisite 
number of pipes. You gain points by 
getting flooz to flow through pipes, 
advancing to new levels, making the flooz 
cross itself (by placing "cross" pieces of 
pipe in strategic locations), and using 
special pipe pieces. 

ENDLESS FUN 

Pipe Dream possesses that frustrating 
addictiveness that's the mark of all good 
puzzle games. Perhaps it's the fact that the 
game looks so easy and the premise seems 
so simple that you stubbornly play "just 
one more game." 

Whatever the case, Pipe Dream contin- 
ues to challenge. Thirty-six levels of play, 
changing flooz rates, obstacles on the play- 
ing fleld at higher levels, special pieces 
(one-way pipe, bonus pieces, end pieces), 
and special sections of the playing field 
that let the flooz exit one side of the screen 
and reappear on the other side guarantee 
variety every time you play. 

In addition to the regular mode of play, 
you can enjoy Pipe Dream in expert one- 
plumber and competitive two-plumber 
modes. Furthermore, you can set any of 
the formats to training mode, which forces 



the flooz to flow at a slower rate while you 
get the hang of the game. 

Pipe Dream is available for the entire 
Apple family, including the Macintosh. 
The game's mechanics are identical, 
regardless of the machine you're using. All 
versions employ the same code-wheel 
off-disk copy-protection scheme, too. 

Differences are basically of a cosmetic 
nature, having to do with the graphics 
images and color capabilities of each 
machine. The Macintosh version, however, 
lets you install Pipe Dream as a desk acces- 



sory by simply using the Font/DA program 
that comes with your Macintosh. Also, the 
Macintosh's two-player mode requires that 
one of the gamers use the mouse and the 
other the keyboard. 

Pipe Dream is an excellent hair-pulling 
strategy game that teaches spatial relations 
and logic subtly. Its elegantly simple 
design makes play fast and furious. But 
you'd better keep looking behind you — 
the flooz is on your tail. □ 
Jim Trunzo 
Leechburg, PA 



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Circle 237 on Reader Service Card. 




TEARiMInG 

MJ CURVE 



Compact Discovery 2 



By DAVID D. THORNBURG, Ph.D. 



T, 



he concept 
as well as 
the content 
of compact discs 
can create 
an educational 
revolution. 



ALTHOUGH COMPUTERS ARE AS COMMON 
as desks in many dassnxtms, some educators foil 
to tap the power of this technology. With the 
introduction of CD-ROM (compact-disc read- 
only memory) to school systems, though, teach- 
ers have the ability to transform the role of com- 
puters in education. As we noted last month in 
"Compact Discovery," (p. 80) one disc the size of 
a standard audio CD can hold over 640 million 
megabytes of information and simultaneously 
store computer-readable information, high-qual- 
ity audio, TV-quality video, and a host of other 
signals. In short, this medivim can deliver a com- 
plete multimedia presentation. This month we'll 
continue our exploration of CD-ROM by exam- 
ining some commercial software that can serve 
as a model for a revolution in the design of 
educational courseware and in teaching itself. 

Warner New Media has released two CD- 
ROM tides, The String Quartet, which features 
Beethoven's 14th String Quartet, and Mozart's 
The Magic Flute. Both titles are Mac-based 
explorations of classical music that combine 
HyperCard stacks with CD audio. You can apply 
the same ideas to stacks you design yourself on 




The fugue sut^ect of Op. 131 clearly 
establishes the key of the movement, C-sharp 
minor, with an emphasis on A natural, the 
submefUant (sixth scale degree) of the key. 



u ^ ♦ ♦ 












This mo 


nmenl'sbulldliigblcicfc: FUOUESUBJECT 

rj-*— 1 1 1 |'lWT'|'~ri' 


1 II "uii'^gr 



K«y: C# Minor 
Meter; AH a Br^rro 



...... 



a Mac or on the IlGS using HyperStudio. 

The Beethoven CD contains a folderfiil of 
HyperCard stacks and eight tracks of CD audio 
that include the entire quartet and the additional 
music used in various parts of the HyperCard 
applications. (You can play the audio tracks on 
a conventional CD player, too.) 

When you start the program, you have several 
options. Select one of four visual accompani- 
ments to view while you listen to the quartet. 
The first of these is a general discussion of the 
piece, while the remaining choices provide 
different types of analysis depending on your 
interest. You can choose a harmonic analysis, 
for example, or one based on the music*s struc- 
ture. At any time you can switch among the 
various analyses by clicking your mouse on one 
of the numbers in the upper-left corner of the 
screen. (See Figures 1 and 2.) Each analysis 
keeps pace with the music, so you see informa- 
tion that relates directly to what you hear. 

Definitions in small windows are available for 
words in boldface; just click the mouse on any 
of these special words, and additional topics for 
exploration appear in the lower-left corner of 
the screen. For example, 
the first movement of the 
14tk String Quartet is a 
fugue; to learn more about 
fugues, click the mouse on 
the word and zoom to a 
small treatise that includes 
both a description of the 
parts of a fugue and musi- 
cal demonstrations. You can 
even hear fugues by com- 
posers such as Bach and 
Stravinsky. (See Figure 3.) 

If your interest runs more 
to historical context, you can 
sunmion a timeline of classi- 
cal music, see brief biogra- 
phies of several major com- 
posers, and hear samples of 




Figure 1. 

Harmonic analysis 
of the opening 
movement of the 
Beethoven quartet 



Figure 2. 
Bar-by-bar view 
of the same piece 
of music. 



88 • inCider/A+ -May 1991 



their music. Another branch takes you to a 
section on Beethoven's deafness, so that 
you can hear how his music may have 
sounded to him at various periods in his 
Ufe. (See figure 4.) 

This particular CD-ROM application is 
so flexible I can't imagine two people using 
it in the same manner. Aside from the 
incredible scholarship represented in the 
product, the HyperCard stacks are crafted 
in a way that supports many learning styles. 

How can The String Quartet, The Magic 
Flute, and other CD-ROMs like them revo- 
lutionize your approach to teaching? The 
experience of listening to a lecture on a 
particular topic is quite different from 
exploring that same topic via multimedia 
tools. Lectures progress in linear fashion, 
fiom start to finish, while student interactions 
with computers can be for more open-ended. 

Lectures and books fit well together, 
because they're both linear media. While 
humans have adapted to this format 
(except, perhaps, for the 700,000 students 
who drop out of school each year), most 
research on learning styles and the fimction- 
ing of the brain seems to indicate that we 
operate naturally in a more holistic fashion. 
Young children, left to their own devices, 
become engrossed in one topic, shift to 
another point of view, change topics alto- 
gether, and learn in ways that engage all the 
senses. Only when they enter school do most 
children's learning rates decline rapidly. 

The logistics of cost-effective classrooms 
have typically required that one adult try to 
instruct 30 or more children at a time. The 
invention of lectures and books made this 
task possible, but this approach is less than 
optimal. CD-ROMs support a more natural 
way of learning — one that specifies a topic, 
but also supports more than one perspec- 
tive on its content. 

If we view the Beethoven quartet as a 
region of conceptual space, then Warner's 
CD-ROM becomes a navigational tool with 
which students can chart their own course 



PRODUCT INFORMATION 



The String Quartet 
The Magic Flute 

Warner New Media 
350Q West Olive Avenue 
Suite 1050 
Burbank, CA 91505 
[618] 955-9999 
$66 each 



Jlthough theBaraqiB era was famous for its fugues, 
the 2Dlli century rediscovered fiigal style. Compare 
the apenlng of this Bach fugue with the beginning 
of this fugue tiy 2Dth century composer Igor Stravinsky. 




through the space. 
They have their 
choice of tour guides 
and a good body of 
reference material 
dose at hand, if they 
want to extend their 
exploration into 
unfemiliar territories. 
By using the stu- 
dents* maps to travel 
through applications, 
a teacher can share 
the youngsters' per- 
spectives and dis- 
cover whether they've 
mastered the subject. 

For any of this to 
affect education, 

though, teachers must be willing to move 
from the paradigm of lecture-based instruction 
to one in which they serve as catalysts and fa- 
cilitators of student-based learning. If you're 
willing to try this idea in even one subject, 



S Stravinsky 

Symphony of Psalms 



Figure 3. 
Sample page 
from the discussion 
of fugues. 





HMriag Lost 

125 Z5D 5DQ 10 


00 2000 40DD SO 


DO 






















































20 




































40 














An imaginary 




ED 














audiogram 
















reveals more loss 




70 ^^^1 

BoB^B 












in high frequencie 




n H^^^^^^^^^^MM^B 






with increased 
losses In low 
frequencies. 



Figure 4. 
A page 

from the section 
on Beethoven's 
deafness. 



you'll have forever changed the concept of 
education in the minds of your students. □ 

Write to David Thornburg at 1561 Laurel, 
Suite A, San Carlos, CA 94070. Enclose an 
SASE IF you'd uke a personal reply. 



OFFICIAL ANNOUNCEMENT TO READERS 



Breakthrough For AppleWorks Users! 

The best integrated PC package yet! 
Northvale. NJ Febniary 15, 1991 

Remarkable Technologies announces a 
breakthrough product which delivers 
AppleWorks power on an IBM PC or 
compatible. SuperWorks aUows AppleWorks 
users to step up to a PC along with all their 
AppleWorks files , utilizing AppleWorks 
work-alike integrated software. 




SuperWorks Features Screen 

New features provide complete and 
full integration of all its capabilities 
including; spreadsheet (with 3-D 
capability), database (the easiest to use 
and one of the most powerful anywhere), 
word processing (a dynamic and full 
capability communications package) plus 



unlimited keystroke macro capability. It 
takes only 160K in RAM. In addition, 
SuperWorks allows you to work with 
your AppleWorks file on an IBM PC. 

As a special introductory offer to 
inCider readers, SuperWorks will be 
made available at the special price of 
$199.00 (plus $5.00 for shipping and 
handling). SuperWorks has a regular 
retail price of $400.00. Send your check 
or credit card mf ormation with order form 
below to Remarkable Technologies, 245 
Pegasus Avenue, Dept. SW, Northvale. 
NJ 07647. Telephone: 201-784-0900. 
Fax: 201-767-7463 

fWYIMENT MUST ACCOMmNY THIS ORDER 
—^—^ _ ^^^^ sws 

□ ElDHinGE EXP. DATE 

CARD NUMBER 

SIGNATURE 

COMWNY : 

ATTENTION : 

ADDRESS 

CITY 



STATE _ 



.ZIP. 



30 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE 



Circle 33 on Reader Service Card. 



May 1991 • inCider/A+ • 89 





INTS& 

TECHNIQUES 



While the Cat's Away 

Apple users know there^s always an easier way to get the job done. 
A shortcut here, an elegant twist there — that's what Hints & Techniques 
is all about. It's an information swap for readers who want to share their 

programming pointers, hardware secrets, AppleWorks apphcations, 
and all kinds of other insights. 



No More Mousetrap 

By CAMERON GROTTY 

Associate Editor 

CALLING ALL PRODOS BASIC 
programmers! Are you tired of the 
same old keyboard interface? Are you 
sick of listening to Mac and GS/OS addicts 
snicker when you can't point and click on 
your latest opus? Do you long for the flick 
of wrist and tap of finger that spell 
sophistication — perhaps even class? If 
you remember that the Apple II treats the 
mouse as though it occupied a slot (just 
like your printer or disk drives) using the 
mouse from ProDOS BASIC is easy. 

The accompanying Program listmg is a 
simple paint program that has only three rou- 
tines, but demonstrates how to turn the 
mouse on, read data finom it, and turn it off. 
The first routine, beginning at line 500, 



s 


Mouse Button Status 


V-1 


Still being pressed 


V-2 


Just been pressed 


V-3 


Just been released 


V-4 


Not been pressed 


If S < then a key on the keyboard has 
been pressed. 



switches output to the mouse and activates 
it by sending CHR$(1). Then it switches 
output back to the screen where it belongs, 
and opens the input line from slot 4. In 
the mouse-read routine, the empty string 
("") in line 100 suppresses the question- 
mark prompt associated normally with 
INPUT X and Y will be values ranging 
from to 1023 and stand for, amazingly 
enough, movement along the X and 
Y axes, respectively. S will be an integer 



Call for Submissions 

Apple II and Mac users everywhere: 
Send us your ideas! We want your tips, 
macros, and shortcuts. Tell us how you 
fit that graphic into your newsletter. In 
short, write to us about anything that 
helps your system run faster or work 
more efficiently, or just plain makes your 
life easier If we print your submission 
we'll pay you $25 and make you femousi 

from -I-/-1 to +1-4 and describes the status 
of the mouse button. (See the accompany- 
ing Table,) 

The last routine, beginning at line 600, 
turns off the mouse and resets the key- 
board strobe. Once you know how to read 
the mouse, the rest is up to you! □ 



Send your tip to Hints & Techniques, 
inCtder/A+, 80 Elm Street, Peterborough, 
NH 03458. 



Table. Integers describing status 
of mouse button. 



Program listing. This paint program demonstrates how to use your mouse. 



CHR$ (1) 



10 m 


210 


REM 


20 KEN DEHo MOUSE mmm V 


500 


REM INITIALIZE MOUSE 




510 


REM 


40 D$ = CHR$ (4) : HGR2 : HCOLOR- 3 


520 


PRINT D$;"PR#4": PRINT 


50 GOSUB 500: REM INITIALIZE MOUSE 


530 


PRINT D$;"PR#0" 


100 INPUT "";X.Y,S 


540 


PRINT D$;"IN#4" 


110 XREAL = IKT (X / 3.50) 


550 


POKE " 16368.0 


120yREAL= M (Y / 3.50) 


560 


RETURN 


130 IF XREAL = OR VSfeAL = IHeS W 


600 


REM 


140 IF XREAL > 279 OR YREAL > 191 THEN 


610 


REM 


GOTO 100 


620 


PRINT D$;"IN#0" 


150 HPLOT XREAL» YREAL: HCOLOI^ 0: HPLQT 


630 


mm D$;"PR#4": PRINT 


. XREAL, YREAL: mOR- 3 ; 


640: 


PRINT Dli-'PRIO" 


160 IF ABS (S) -1 THEN GOSUB 1000: REM 


650 


POKE - 16368,0 


IS THE BUnON BEING PRESSED? 


660 


RETURN 


170 IF S > THEN GOTO 100: REM HAS A KEY 


1000 


REM DRAW WHITE LINE 


BEEN PRESSED? 


1010 


REM 


180 GOSUB 600 


1020 


HCOLOR = 3 


190 TEXT : HOME : END 


1030 


HPLOT XREAL, YREAL 


200 REM 


1040 RETURN 



90 • inCider/A+ • May 1991 



Sports Scheduler 



THE BEST MOST COMPLETE LEAGUE PLAY 
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• Schedule any number of leagues, categories or 
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& time an'anged in sets and round robins. 

• Only minutes to create/print/save a schedule. 

• Saved schedules can be recalled into appleworks 
providing unlimited editing and printing options. 
You select desired file format- word processor, 
spreadsheet, or data base. 

• Prints mailing labels and league/team contact 
rosters for each league, category or division. 
Create scheduling organization/setup wor1< sheets . 




Bonus - Referee/Facility Scheduler included free. 
APPLE lle.cligs (5 disk) $109.95 + $3.00 S&H 
IBM PC & Comp. morSVA] $129.95 + $3.00 S&H 
Call or write for [nfomnatlve brochure: 

SPORTS SOFTWARE ASSOCIATES 
P.O. BOX 458, HINGHAM, MA 02043 
(61 71 749-7880 



Circle 18 on Reader Service Card. 



Marketplace Ad5 get: 
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Box 87453 •Canton, MI 48187 " 
(313)454-1115 



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® 



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Thousands of satisfied owners have 
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clock battery on early models of lies. 



Battery Kit 



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When one of your favorite disks "crash" and 
the software publisher is out of business, all is lost— 
unless you've made a back up copy. With Essential Data 
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EDD 4.9 PLUS copy system uses a special interface card 
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APPLEWORKS 



CROSS-WORKS 2.0 can exchange AppleWorks data files with the most popular MS-DOS programs: 

AppleWorks Microsoft Works 
rAppleWorks Word Proc. || WordPerfect 
AppleWorks Spreadsheet Lotus 1-2-3 
AppleWorks Data Base 4| dBase III, IV, etc. 

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Canadian Mail Order 



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CALL FOR FREE CATALOGUE 

>C 3.5 Drive $249.95 

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FREE -15 DISKS -FREE 
FULL OF GREAT SOFTWARE 



TRY US! 

Get 15/5.25" disks or 6/3.5" disks 
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Attention 
HyperStudio™ Users 
Announcing a revolutionary new disk-based Hyper-zine 
just for the users of HyperStudio™ on the Apple IIGS. 
Each Month you'll discover: 

♦Great Stack Ideas 

♦Tried and True Tips & Techniques 

♦Super Ideas & Stacks for Teachers 

♦Hyper-Soundz™, Hyper- Clips™ & Hyper-CUps+™ 

♦Games-Like Totally Hard Hyper Trivia (THHT)™ 

♦nGS Product Information/Marketplace 

U.S. Orders: $50 (12 issues), $95 (24 issues) 
Intemat. Orders: $84 (12 issues), $144 (24 issues) 
Schools/Libraries: $47 (12 issues), $90 (24 issues) 
Send check or money order in U.S. funds only to: 

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Order Now^ & Receive Hyper-Magicalendar™ Free 
Please allow 4 weeks for your first issue lo arrive , and youll stan 
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You must have HyperStudio™ to nin Hyper- Magiczire™. 
HyperStudio™ is a trademark of Roger Wagner Publishing Co., Apple 
nGS is, a registered trademark o( AppleCompulcr Inc. 
•OITer expires May 1.1991 



Circle 30 on Reader Service Card. 



COLOR RIBBONS & PAPER 

Colors: Black, Red, Blue, Green. Brown. Purple. Yellow 
Ribbons: T-ShIrt 
price each Black Color RIbbns 



Apple Image, I, & II 
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gVaXll $10.90/pk 
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Circle 7 on Reader Service Card. 



2 POWERFUL 

SOFTWARE PROGRAMS from ^ 

COMPLETE MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMS for 
HrGH SCHOOL and GWrVERSITY STUDENTS 
or WORKING PROFESSIONALS 




GSNumerics 

for the APPLE IIGS COMPUTER 

■ SCIEr^TIFlC CALCULATOR •Atomic Weight & Number, • 196 (Jnii 
Conversions, "Automatic Function Parsing, •Complex Math. '64 
Functions. 

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• Slope, •Area. •Roots. •Integrate G Differentiate Polynomials. 

■ x y REGRESSION •Linear. •Log. •Exponential. •Power 

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Circle 60 on Reader Service Card. 



MacNumerics 

for the Macintosh Computer 

The NEW MacNumerics has all the basic func- 
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Music 



ELECTRONIC MUSIC 
MIDI SYSTEMS 

Laminated MIDI Poster, informative, 
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or music classroom, $19.95 + $5.50 
S/H. New 1991 MIDI Buying Guide 
Catalog. Turn your Apple into a Multi- 
Track Recording Studio with the 
following great products: Apple 11+ , 
He, MIDI Card 1x2 channels $69, 
GS/MAC MIDI 1x3 $59, with Serial 
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$259, Dr.Ts KCS V 2.0 Ile/ll+ $159, 
GlassTracks $89, Super Sequencer 
GS,IIe $179, Apple II or GS MIDI 
Music Pack : MIDI Interface Sc Cables 
8c Software $169. Music Printing 
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Books $2.50 S/H each: A GuideTo 
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fullsize MIDI Keybrd, with speakers 
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Band in a Box with song disks $79, 
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software $69, Practica Musica 
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Music Data Disks of the 50's,60's 70's, 
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in eveiy Lotto game worldwide! For 
IBM, Apple II, Be C64. $39,95 
(+$2,55 sh). 3.5" disk add $5. NY res. 
must add tax. 

GE RIDGE SERVICES, INC. 
170 Broadway, Suite 201IC 
New York, N.Y 10038 
ORDERS: 1-800-8352246x121. 
Info 1-718-317-1961 



CLAS 

SI 
FIED 



Public 
omain 



BEST VALUE IN 

APPLE PUBLIC DOMAIN 

Over 1000 disks, packed, organized and 
MENU-DRIVEN with only the best PD 
and Shareware. Our library is continually 
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RIBBONS, and more also available at 
discount prices. No membership fee! 
Send $2.00 for a descriptive catalog and 
demo disk to: 

CHRISTELLA ENTERPRISE 
RO. Box 483 

St. Clair Shores, Michigan 48080 

APPLE PUBLIC DOMAIN DISKS Re- 
quest free catalog or send $2 for sample 
disk & catalog (REFUND- ABLE). Cate- 
gories include education, utilities, games, 
business, Print Shop grapliics, shareware, 
EAMON and more. Buy as low as $1.00 
per disk. A $20 order gets 4 free disks of 
your choice. NEXT DAY SHIPPING! We 
have been distributing Public Domain 
programs since 1986 and will continue to 
provide timely, courteous responses to all 
inquiries. Purchase Orders Welcomed! 

CALOKE INDUSTRIES (Dept. SK) 
P.O. Box 18477 
Ray town, Mo 64133 



Sale! 20 programs $1.95 

Public Domain 8c Sharewaie for Apple 
II+, E, C,C+, GS Computers. Any disk 
$1.95 none higher, no minimum pur- 
chase. That's right, we supply the pro- 
grams and disk for only $1.95 during 
our limited Time Sale. Some disks 
have over 40 programs. Our 1 0th yeai- 
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Thousands of programs. Our Big 48 
page catalog gives you descriptions of 
many of the programs, not just a name. 
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Music 8c Sound, Appleworks " templates 
and mote. Limited time sale, oitlcr only on 
special f supplied) older bkink. Send $3 for 
Big Descriptive 48 page catalog to: 

Computer Budget Shopper (CBS) 
2203 tok Ave Suite 25 
Cheyenne \^ 82007 



FREE APPLE PUBLIC DOMAIN 
CATALOG 

Request free catalog containing com- 
plete descriptions of hundreds of pro- 
grams for the Apple IH-, e, c, c+,and 
GS computers. We carry the vei7 best 
in all categories including Business, 
Home, Education, Utilities, Games, 
Print Shop Graphics, AppleWorks Tem- 
plates, and more. We use only high- 
quality colored disks which are com- 
pletely SELF-BOOTING and 
MENU-DRIVEN. All orders are 
shipped the same day they are re- 
ceived. We_pay_shipping with small min- 
mium order Money-Back Guarantee! 
Send for yours today! 

MOONLIGHT SOFTWARE 
P.O. BOX 179144 
San Diego, CA 92177 



Insurance 



INSURES YOUR COMPUTER 

SAFEWARE provides hill replacement of 
hardware, media, and purchased soft- 
ware. As little as $49 a year provides com- 
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age, no lists of equipment are needed. 
One phone call does it all! Call Sam to 
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(Sat 9 to 5). 

SAFEWARE, THE INSURANCE 

AGENCY INC. 

2929 N. High St. 

P.O. Box 02211 

Columbus, OH 43202 

(800) 848-3469 Nat; 

(614) 262-0559 (OH) 



Softiware 



FAMILY ROOTS, LINEAGES, 
TREE CHARTS 

From our collecdon of software to keep 
track of your family, choose one to fit 
your needs and pocketbook! Our 
software handles gobs of data for each 
of millions of people. Print pedigree 
and descendants charts, group sheets, 
person sheets, indices of names, 
address labels, more. Do screen tracing 
and searches. Compatible with your 
w^ord processor. Call for a FREE 
catalog. Satisfaction guaranteed! Prices 
start at $49. All .Apples, Macs, PCs, and 
more. 

MCA^ISA/AMEX 

QUINSEPT 
PO Box 216 
Lexington, MA 02173 
617-641-2930 (Mass.) 
800-637-7668 (USA & Canada) 



THE SOURCE OF 
PLAN-MAKING SOFTWARE 

DESIGN YOUR OWN HOME: 
ARCHITECTURE, INTERIORS or 
LANDSCAPE Apple II: 
$69.95, IIGS: $89.95, MAC:$99.95. 
The most useful programs for com- 
plete home designing. 
DESIGN YOUR OWN RAILROAD: 
Apple II: $49.95. Design procision, to- 
scale (HO,N,Z,0,S,G) layouts and run 
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DESIGN YOUR OWN TRAIN: 
Apple II: $49.95. The train and transit 
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RUN YOUR OWN TRAIN: 
Apple II: $34.95. The flight simulator 
for down to earth people. 
EVERYBODY'S PLANNER: 
Apple II: $99.95. The only project 
management tool for Apple lis, easy 
on your pocketbook and simple to use. 
ADVENTURE OF LEARNING: 
Apple II: $69.95. Enables you to run 
our educational and entertainment 
modules. The progi'am comes with 3 
FREE sample modules, and coupons 
worth $120 OFF additional modules. 
CheckA^isa/MC. 

ABRACADATA 
PO Box 2440 Dept. DD 
Eugene, OR 97402 
Orders: (800) 451-4871 
Information: (503) 342-3030 



Use inCider/A+ 
Classified Section 
to showcase your 
Products. Contact 
Diane Maguire at 




Computiers £» 
Supplies 



SUPER DEALS ON 
MACS & APPLES! 
BUY** SELL ** TRADE 
USED ** NEW 
Apple lie $325 
Apple IIc+ $425 
Apple He from $349 

Apple Ilgs from $599 

M other Apple Systems CALL 
Imagewriter I(Used) $275 
Imagevvriter Il(Used) from $349 
Apple 3.5" Unidisk 800k $269 
20 MEG External HD (SCSI extra)$269 
MAC 11 from $2149 

MACIkx(New) from $2649 

MAC 11 ci from $3299 

All other Mac Systems CALL 
Parts Sc Peripherals CALL 
Price List $.50 SASE 

.\lso open evenings Sc weekends 

M.P.-Computer Micro Systems 
655 W. Evelyn Avenue #2 
Mountain View, CA 94041 
(415) 968-0509 (FAX) 
(415) 968- 9026 (VOICE) 



FACTORY FRESH RIBBONS 
Ribbon Black Color 

Apple Imagewriter 

$ 2.25 $ 2.95 
Imagewriter II $ 4.95 

4 color 

Imagewriter II $ 9.95 

4 color Heat 

transfer 

Imagewriter LQ $ 8.95 $ 1 3.95 
(Black and 4C) 
Panasonic 1 1 24 $ 3.50 
Epson MX/FX/RX80 $ 2.50 $ 3.50 
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StarNXIOOO $3.25 $3.95 

For Orders of less than 6, 
please add .75^ each. 
Hundreds more. 
Colors (BLUE, RED, GREEN, PURPLE,) 

-PREMIUM IS ALL WE SELL! 
Shipping/Handling $3.75 per order 

(over $75 we pay S/H). 
AK,HI,P.R.,APO/FPO,' Canada add 

$6, S/H to all orders 
Fnee box of J diskettes with oitlers over 
$100.00 (specif)' 5.25 or 3.50). New York 

residents please add sales tax. 
Scliool, hospital and govt. PO's welmne. 

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ISLAND COMPUTER SUPPLY 
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REPAIRS BY MAIL!! 

Two business day turnaround, 
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He MLB Swap: $1 10+ $12 s/h - 1 year 
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11,11+ , He Power Supply Replacement: 

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Ik MLB Swap: $90 + $12s/h - 1 year 

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Disk Drive II Rehab: $75 + $7.50 s/h- 
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NJ residents add 6% sales tax. 
Hardware supplies also available. 
School District orders welcomed. 
Write or call us for details. 
We also buy dead Apples, 
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ARMINIUS PUBLICATIONS 
& PRODUCTS 
RO.Box I265/85I9 
Orchard Ave. 
Merchantvine,NJ 08109 
(609) 662 3420 



Education 



MICROSOFT WORKS 
APPLEWORKS HYPERCARD 

Our FREE 1991 catalog is filled with ev- 
eiythingyou need to get up and mnning 
in these applications. It offers books, 
videos, smdent & teacher texts, resource 
corner, complete teaching packages, ref- 
erence books, and software to integrate 
Works and HyperCai^d into your curricu- 
lum. We also offer special pricing for ed- 
ucators on AppleWorks, Claris Power 
Pack (save 79%!) and Microsoft Works. 
Plus, a FREE mug offer! 

K-12 MICROMEDU PUBLISHING 
6 Arrow Road 
Ramsey, N.J. 
(800) 292-1997 



GRADE MACHINE 

(FOR MAC, APPLE II, IBM) 

Saves teachers time! 

FAST full-screen editing of grades, 
weighted assignment categories, cus- 
tomized reports. Easy to learn with de- 
tailed tutorial Money-back guarantee, 
NOT copy-protected. $59.95 for Apple II 
or IBM. $74.95 for Mac (has extra fea- 
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teachers). Please add $3.50 S/H. WA res- 
idents add 8.2% tax.. 
Mention this ad and SAVE $10.00! 

Misty City Software 
10921 I29th P1.N.E. 
Kirkland,WA 98033 
(206) 828-3107 



Get the most out of your software investment with 
templates and artwork for your Apple IlGs! 

AppleWorks GS 
Productivity Paks 

Each volume of AppleWorks GS Productivity Pak contains ten expertly 
designed templates that explore the many features of AppleWorks GS 
and show unique ways to approach an assortment of projects. Sample 
files and a comprehensive reference booklet guide you through each 
project with confidence. 



Volume I 

• MEMO PADS 

• MEMBERSHIP 

• NAME BADGES 

• MERGE DOCUMENT 

• AUTO-MILEAGE LOG 

• RESUMES 

• NUTRIDATA 

• CHECKBOOK 

• BUDGET 

• NEWSLETTER 



Volume II 

• FAMILY TREE 
•VIDEOTAPE LIBRARY 

• CAR COST COMPARISON 

• CUSTOM CALENDARS 

• HOME BUYER'S GUIDE 

• LIVING WILL 

• COOKBOOK 
•BOOKLET 

• COLLEGE GUIDE 

• INCOME TAXES 



Art Gallery 



This unique collection contains 300 pieces of original artwork. Now 

you don't have to be a computer artist to add flair to your company 
newsletter, create attractive personal stationery, or perk up a drab 
homework assignment. We've selected a wide variety of topics to brighten 
up all your desktop-publishing projects. Choose from birds and flowers, 
animals, holiday symbols, and much more! All are fully illustrated in a 
reference chart that accompanies the 3.5-inch disk. 

Select the format that's best for you: If you'll be using the artwork with 
AppleWorks GS, order the AppleWorks GS format. If you plan to 
import the art into an Apple IIgs paint program, choose the Apple 
Preferred format. 

Don't hesitate.. .order nowl 

AppleWorks GS Productivity Pak Tor 

AppleWorks GS Productivity Pak II* $29.95 each 

Art Gallery..... $39.95 

SPECIAL OFFER — Save $10! 

Both AppleWorks GS Productivity Paks* $49.90 

SUPER OFFER — Save $20!! 

All three special products just $79.85 

Foreign Airmail: add $3.95. 
Foreign orders must be paid in U.S. funds drawn on a U.S. bank. 

* Require AppleWorks GS v. 1 .1 
AppleWorks is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., 
licensed to Claris Corporation. 



Call TOLL-FREE 1-800-343-0728 

{In NH: 924-0100; Fax: 603-924-9384) 

inCider/A + Special Products 
80 Elm Street - Peterborough, NH 03458 



I51F 



1 




DITORS' 



CHOICE 



FInWords 




By THE STAFF OF INCIDER/A+ 

re you fed up with your spouse ripping out that 
recipe from the paper before youVe had a 
chance to read the article on the other side? Are 
you tired of typing someone else's copy into 
your organization's newsletter? Do you just have 
plain old data-entry blues? Well, WestCode Software's 
INWORDS might be about to change your life. 

Developed by Beagle Bros' Alan Bird, Rob Renstrom, and 
John Oberrick, InWords is the first product to bring optical- 





character-recognition (OCR) software to the Apple II family. 
(OCR software lets you scan text from printed documents and 
save it as a standard ASCII text file or AppleWorks word- 
processing document.) .Although giant companies such as 
Kurzweil and Obeion International developed the technology; it 
was too expensive for the average computeruser. InWords, how- 
ever, costing a fraction of previous systems, brings this capability 



to teachers, desktop publishers, and home-based users alike. 

Use this ProDOS-8-based program and Vitesse's Quickie or 
ThunderWare^s LightningScan hand-held scanner and your 
data-entry days will be numbered. Boot up InWords 
instead of the software supplied with each scanner, then scan 
and capture text into the product's built-in AppleWorks-like 
editor. Then manipulate or edit the text, and save it to disk 
as either an ASCII text file or as an AppleWorks word- 
processing document. 

InWords can recognize a number of different fonts such as 
those found in popular magazines like Time, Newsweek, Money, 
and Forbes. But if these aren't the pages that clutter your 
coffee table, don't woriy In a little over an hour you can "train" 
this software to recognize the typefaces in other publications. 
Simply set InWords to Font Training mode and pass the scanner 
over the new t)^eface. If InWbids doesn't recognize a character 
it'll enlarge it, cueing you to type the unknown 
character from the keyboard. Whenever InWoi^s 
encounters that character again, it'll recognize it. 

Whether you want to input text that's a full 
page wide, or as narrow as one column in a news- 
paper, InWords can handle it. In Merge mode, you 
can scan one side of a page, then the other; 
InWords combines the two into a single docu- 
ment. In Column mode, the software will ignore 
all but the text directly under the scanner's center. 

And if you're artistically inclined, you can 
import graphics images into your painting or 
desktop-publishing program by simply passing 
the scanner over almost any type of artwork — 
including paper-based photographs, line art, 
and half-tones. 

Optical character recogtiition may change 
the way you use your computer. Whether you 
want to record recipes, client information, 
sports statistics, or data from student report 
cards, InWords can free up your time — and 
unleash your creativity. 

InWords, priced at $129, is available for 512K 
Apple IlGSes and enhanced lies, and comes with 
both 3.5- and 5.25-inch disks. For more informa- 
tion, contact WestCode Software, 11835 Carmel Mountain Road, 
Suite 1304-311, San Diego, CA 92128, (619) 679-9200. 



Editors' Choice singles out one product each month that the 

INCiDER/A + EDITORS FEEL IS A SIGNIFICANT ADDrnON TO THE APPLE Fi^MILY, 

Products evaluated are among the most recient releases anb may- not 

BE A\AU.ABLE yet FOR RETAIL DISTRIBUTION. 



96 inCider/A+ • May 1991 



These Terrific 
Programs All 
Talk With 
An echo: 




^4 Houghton Miff lin 



(617) 252-3000 



£ £ t 

^ t '£ t 

* * 4 * 




One DLM Park • Allen. Texas 75002 



(800) 527-4747 



Weekly Reader Software 
from Optitnuin Resource 



(800) 327-1473 




ffllANOJHE 
__61l|f 



HarWey' 



Hartley; 

(800) 247-1380 




SCHOLASTIC 



(800) 541-5513 



edmarhcorporation 

^ (800) 426-0856 



While there are a few programs that use the Apple 
IIGS® built-in voice capability, for most of the Apple 
II family "talking software" it is still necessary to use an 
Echo Speech Processor. 



These six leading software companies have helped the 
Echo® become the voice standard for educational computing. 
Call the telephone numbers listed above to find out more 
about these great programs. 




Circle 92 on Reader Service Card. 

Street Electromcs Corporation 6420 Via Real Carpinteria, California 93013 (805) 684-4593 



RamWorks III 





M ... 

mm 



[iuiiimj 



The best selling, most compatible, most recommended, 
most expandable card available. 



e RamWorks III™ is recognized by all 
memory intensive programs, NO other 
emansion card comes close to offering the 
nrultitude of enhancements to AppleWorks 
that RamWorks III does. 

A larger desktop is just part of the story. 
Look at all the AppleWorks enhancements 
that even Apple's own card does not provide 
and only RamWorks III does. All of 
AppleWorks (including printer routines) will 
automatically load itself into RAM dramati- 
cally increasing speed by ehminating the time 
required to access the program disk drive. 
Switch from word processing to spreadsheet 
to database at the speed of Hght with no wear 
on disk drives. 

RamWorks eliminates AppleWorks' 
internal memory limits, increasing the 
maximum number of database records 
available. Only RamWorks increases the 
number of Unes permitted in the word 
processing mode. And only RamWorks 
offers a built-in printer buffer, so you won't 
have to wait for your printer to stop before 
returning to AppleWorks. And RamWorks 
auto segments large files so they can be 
saved on two or more disks. You can even 
have Pinpoint or MacroWorks and your 
favorite spelling checker in RAM for instant 
response. 

The most friendly, most compatible 
card available. Using RamWorks III 
couldn't be easier because it's compatible 
with more off-the-sheff software than any 
other RAM card. But unhke other cards, 
RamWorks plugs into the He auxihary slot, 
providing our super sharp 80-column text 
(U.S. Patent #4601018) in a completely 
integrated system. 

The ultimate in RGB color. RGB color 
is an option on RamWorks and with good 
reason. For only $ 129. it can be added to 
RamWorks, giving you razor-sharp vivid 
briUiance that most claim is the best they've 




ever 



seen. You'll 
""^^ also appreciate 
the multiple text 
colors (others only have 
green) that come standard. But the 
RamWorks RGB option is more than just the 
ultimate in color output because unUke 
others, it's fuOy compatible with all the Apple 
standards for RGB output control, making it 
more compatible with off-the-sheff software. 
With its FCC certified design, you can use 
ahnost any RGB monitor because only the 
RamWorks RGB option provides both the 
new Apple standard analog and the IBM 
standard digital RGB outputs (cables 
included). The RGB option plugs into the 
back of RamWorks with no slot 1 interfer- 
ence. And remember you can order the RGB 
option with your RamWorks or add it on at a 
later date. 



"/ wanted a memory 
card for my Apple that 
was fast, easy to use 
and very compatible; 
so I bought 
RamWorks. " 




Steve Wozniak, 
co-founder of Apple 



it's got it aU. 

• 1 5 day money back guarantee 

• 5 year warranty 

• Built-in super sharp 80-column display 
(U.S. Patent #4601018) 

• Expandable to 1 MEG on main card (2 



MEG expander available.) 

• Automatic AppleWorks expansion up to 
3017K desktop 

• Accelerates AppleWorks 

• Built-in AppleWorks printer buffer 

• 100% compatible with all standard lie 
software 

• Compatible RGB option featuring ultra high 
resolution color graphics and multiple text 
colors with cable for both the new Apple 
and standard IBM-type monitors 

• Seff diagnostic software included 

• Takes only one slot (auxihary) even when 
fully expanded 

• Socketed and user upgradeable 

• Used by Apple Computer, Steve Wozniak 
and virtually all software companies. 

RamWorks III with 256K $189 

RamWorks III with 1 MEG . $309 

RamWorks III with 1.5 MEG $429 

RamWorks III with 3 MEG $629 

RamExpander + 1 MEG $209 

RamExpander + 2 MEG $309 

Colorlink RGB Option $139 

Order today! To order or for more 
information, see your dealer or call 
(214) 241-6060 today, 9 am to 11 pm, 7 
days. Or send check or money order to 
Apphed Engineering. MasterCard, VISA and 
C.O.D. welcome. Texas residents add 
8 1/4% sales tax. Shipping not included. 



Applied Engineerings 

The Apple enhancement experts. 

A Division of AE Research Corporation 



(214) 241-6060 



p. 0. Box 5100 
Carrollton,n 75011 



Made 



©1990. AE Research. Inc. All rights reserved Prices subfict to 
change without notice. Brand and product names are rois- 
tered trademarks of their respective holders.